学习和探究是独立思考的基础。
教师何时决定主动投身某一个领域非常关键。因为已经掌握了这个领域足够的知识可以自信的进行独立思考，所以教师能够在这个时候决定投身某一领域的探究。
开始认识到自己具有教师和思想者的双重身份，也许是教师职业生涯中最困难的转变之一。这个时候，教师作为庞大的学习社区的成员，和其他人一样有能力玩转知识。
当这种转变发生的时候，就会呈现出一个全新的世界，一个新的教师就此诞生，获得威信。这样的教师，能够判断什么才是对学生最好的，什么才是学生应该知道的。
这个阶段的教师，终会明白，学海无涯，学习的意义就是学习本身。教师会发现学生并不需要亦步亦趋，并不是事无巨细什么都要教授。教师也会明白思想的世界，既没有终点，也没有已知的结果。
Learning provides the basis for independent thought.
Active engagement in a field of thought of knowledge becomes critical at that stage when teachers realize that their engagement arises from the possession of enough knowledge to be confident in thinking about the field independently. Recognition of oneself as a thinker as well as a teacher ----as someone who is part of a larger community of learning, as capable as anyone else of engaging the intellectual play of knowledge---- maybe among the most difficult transitions in teachers professional life. Yet when that transition occurs, a new world opens, new authority is gained, and a new teacher is born---one who determines independently what is best for students and what they should know At this stage, too , The teacher recognizes that learning is en end in itself, that not everything needs to be related to instruction, that thinking is a world without end, without known outcome.
（翻译：The elements of teaching ，James M。Banner，Jr.,Harold C.Cannon. ）
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