iOS开发-读取“健康”中的步数和步行+跑步距离

借鉴于
http://www.csdn.net/article/2015-01-23/2823686-healthkit-tutorial-with-swift/4

• 注:iOS10遇到的错误：

Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException',
reason: 'NSHealthUpdateUsageDescription must be set in the app's Info.plist
in order to request write authorization.'

解决办法：
我们要在info.plist文件中声明苹果健康的使用权限，所以在info.plist中添加以下key就可以了。请求写入和请求读取都需要添加!

请求写入
  <key>NSHealthUpdateUsageDescription</key>
<string>some string value stating the reason</string>
请求读取
   <key>NSHealthShareUsageDescription</key>
    <string>some string value stating the reason</string>

从iOS 10 因苹果健康导致闪退 crash - 借鉴与简书作者文章 找到的解决办法，谢谢

1、第一步首先需要开启HealthKit

2、新建一个HealthKitManage类，继承于NSObject

• (1)首先在.h文件里面声明一个属性

@property (nonatomic, strong) HKHealthStore *healthStore;

• (2)导入头文件

#import <HealthKit/HealthKit.h>
#import <UIKit/UIDevice.h>

#define HKVersion [[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] doubleValue]
#define CustomHealthErrorDomain @"com.sdqt.healthError"

• (3)创建单例方法

+(id)shareInstance
{
    static id manager ;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        manager = [[[self class] alloc] init];
    });
    return manager;
}

• (4)检查是否支持获取健康数据

/*
 *  @brief  检查是否支持获取健康数据
 */
- (void)authorizeHealthKit:(void(^)(BOOL success, NSError *error))compltion
{
    if(HKVersion >= 8.0)
    {
        if (![HKHealthStore isHealthDataAvailable]) {
            NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain: @"com.raywenderlich.tutorials.healthkit" code: 2 userInfo: [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"HealthKit is not available in th is Device"                                                                      forKey:NSLocalizedDescriptionKey]];
            if (compltion != nil) {
                compltion(false, error);
            }
            return;
        }
        if ([HKHealthStore isHealthDataAvailable]) {
            if(self.healthStore == nil)
                self.healthStore = [[HKHealthStore alloc] init];
            /*
             组装需要读写的数据类型
             */
            NSSet *writeDataTypes = [self dataTypesToWrite];
            NSSet *readDataTypes = [self dataTypesRead];
            
            /*
             注册需要读写的数据类型，也可以在“健康”APP中重新修改
             */
            [self.healthStore requestAuthorizationToShareTypes:writeDataTypes readTypes:readDataTypes completion:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
                
                if (compltion != nil) {
                    NSLog(@"error->%@", error.localizedDescription);
                    compltion (success, error);
                }
            }];
        }
    }
    else {
        NSDictionary *userInfo = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"iOS 系统低于8.0"                                                                      forKey:NSLocalizedDescriptionKey];
        NSError *aError = [NSError errorWithDomain:CustomHealthErrorDomain code:0 userInfo:userInfo];
        compltion(0,aError);
    }
}

/*!
 *  @brief  写权限
 *  @return 集合
 */
- (NSSet *)dataTypesToWrite
{
    HKQuantityType *heightType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight];
    HKQuantityType *weightType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    HKQuantityType *temperatureType = [HKQuantityType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyTemperature];
    HKQuantityType *activeEnergyType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierActiveEnergyBurned];
    
    return [NSSet setWithObjects:heightType, temperatureType, weightType,activeEnergyType,nil];
}

/*!
 *  @brief  读权限
 *  @return 集合
 */
- (NSSet *)dataTypesRead
{
    HKQuantityType *heightType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierHeight];
    HKQuantityType *weightType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyMass];
    HKQuantityType *temperatureType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierBodyTemperature];
    HKCharacteristicType *birthdayType = [HKObjectType characteristicTypeForIdentifier:HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierDateOfBirth];
    HKCharacteristicType *sexType = [HKObjectType characteristicTypeForIdentifier:HKCharacteristicTypeIdentifierBiologicalSex];
    HKQuantityType *stepCountType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierStepCount];
    HKQuantityType *distance = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierDistanceWalkingRunning];
    HKQuantityType *activeEnergyType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierActiveEnergyBurned];
    
    return [NSSet setWithObjects:heightType, temperatureType,birthdayType,sexType,weightType,stepCountType, distance, activeEnergyType,nil];
}

• (5)读取步数

//获取步数
- (void)getStepCount:(void(^)(double value, NSError *error))completion
{
    HKQuantityType *stepType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierStepCount];
    NSSortDescriptor *timeSortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:HKSampleSortIdentifierEndDate ascending:NO];
    
    // Since we are interested in retrieving the user's latest sample, we sort the samples in descending order, and set the limit to 1. We are not filtering the data, and so the predicate is set to nil.
    HKSampleQuery *query = [[HKSampleQuery alloc] initWithSampleType:stepType predicate:[HealthKitManage predicateForSamplesToday] limit:HKObjectQueryNoLimit sortDescriptors:@[timeSortDescriptor] resultsHandler:^(HKSampleQuery *query, NSArray *results, NSError *error) {
            if(error)
            {
                completion(0,error);
            }
            else
            {
                NSInteger totleSteps = 0;
                for(HKQuantitySample *quantitySample in results)
                {
                    HKQuantity *quantity = quantitySample.quantity;
                    HKUnit *heightUnit = [HKUnit countUnit];
                    double usersHeight = [quantity doubleValueForUnit:heightUnit];
                    totleSteps += usersHeight;
                }
                NSLog(@"当天行走步数 = %ld",(long)totleSteps);
                completion(totleSteps,error);
            }
    }];
    
    [self.healthStore executeQuery:query];
}

• (6)读取步行+跑步距离

//获取公里数
- (void)getDistance:(void(^)(double value, NSError *error))completion
{
    HKQuantityType *distanceType = [HKObjectType quantityTypeForIdentifier:HKQuantityTypeIdentifierDistanceWalkingRunning];
    NSSortDescriptor *timeSortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:HKSampleSortIdentifierEndDate ascending:NO];
    HKSampleQuery *query = [[HKSampleQuery alloc] initWithSampleType:distanceType predicate:[HealthKitManage predicateForSamplesToday] limit:HKObjectQueryNoLimit sortDescriptors:@[timeSortDescriptor] resultsHandler:^(HKSampleQuery * _Nonnull query, NSArray<__kindof HKSample *> * _Nullable results, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        
        if(error)
        {
            completion(0,error);
        }
        else
        {
            double totleSteps = 0;
            for(HKQuantitySample *quantitySample in results)
            {
                HKQuantity *quantity = quantitySample.quantity;
                HKUnit *distanceUnit = [HKUnit meterUnitWithMetricPrefix:HKMetricPrefixKilo];
                double usersHeight = [quantity doubleValueForUnit:distanceUnit];
                totleSteps += usersHeight;
            }
            NSLog(@"当天行走距离 = %.2f",totleSteps);
            completion(totleSteps,error);
        }
    }];
    [self.healthStore executeQuery:query];
}

• (7)、NSPredicate当天时间段的方法实现

/*!
 *  @brief  当天时间段
 *
 *  @return 时间段
 */
+ (NSPredicate *)predicateForSamplesToday {
    NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar];
    NSDate *now = [NSDate date];
    NSDateComponents *components = [calendar components:NSCalendarUnitYear|NSCalendarUnitMonth|NSCalendarUnitDay fromDate:now];
    [components setHour:0];
    [components setMinute:0];
    [components setSecond: 0];
    
    NSDate *startDate = [calendar dateFromComponents:components];
    NSDate *endDate = [calendar dateByAddingUnit:NSCalendarUnitDay value:1 toDate:startDate options:0];
    NSPredicate *predicate = [HKQuery predicateForSamplesWithStartDate:startDate endDate:endDate options:HKQueryOptionNone];
    return predicate;
}

3、在控制器里展示出来读取的数据
(1)、首先导入头文件，并添加Label

#import "HealthKitManage.h"
@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController
{
    UILabel *stepLabel;
    UILabel *distanceLabel;
}

(2)创建界面，展示数据

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
    
    UIButton *btn1 = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    btn1.frame = CGRectMake(50, 100, 100, 40);
    [btn1 setTitle:@"计步" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    btn1.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
    [self.view addSubview:btn1];
    [btn1 addTarget:self action:@selector(onClickBtn1) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    
    UIButton *btn2 = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    btn2.frame = CGRectMake(50, 160, 100, 40);
    [btn2 setTitle:@"距离" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    btn2.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
    [self.view addSubview:btn2];
    [btn2 addTarget:self action:@selector(onClickBtn2) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    
    stepLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 220, 200, 40)];
    stepLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
    [self.view addSubview:stepLabel];
    
    distanceLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 280, 200, 40)];
    distanceLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
    [self.view addSubview:distanceLabel];
}

- (void)onClickBtn1
{
    HealthKitManage *manage = [HealthKitManage shareInstance];
    [manage authorizeHealthKit:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
        
        if (success) {
            NSLog(@"success");
            [manage getStepCount:^(double value, NSError *error) {
                NSLog(@"1count-->%.0f", value);
                NSLog(@"1error-->%@", error.localizedDescription);
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    stepLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"步数：%.0f步", value];
                });
                
            }];
        }
        else {
            NSLog(@"fail");
        }
    }];
}

- (void)onClickBtn2
{
    HealthKitManage *manage = [HealthKitManage shareInstance];
    [manage authorizeHealthKit:^(BOOL success, NSError *error) {
        
        if (success) {
            NSLog(@"success");
            [manage getDistance:^(double value, NSError *error) {
                NSLog(@"2count-->%.2f", value);
                NSLog(@"2error-->%@", error.localizedDescription);
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    distanceLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"公里数：%.2f公里", value];
                });
                
            }];
        }
        else {
            NSLog(@"fail");
        }
    }];
}

4、展示成果

二、使用CoreMotion获取计步信息
目前只使用到计步功能，个人感觉CoreMotion与HealthKit在计步方面的区别：HealthKit中计步信息可以通过“健康App”进行修改。
1、info.plist中

<key>NSMotionUsageDescription</key>
    <string>Privacy - Motion Usage Description</string>

2、上代码

#import <CoreMotion/CoreMotion.h>
@property (nonatomic, strong) CMPedometer            *pedometer;

    _pedometer = [[CMPedometer alloc] init];
    if ([CMPedometer isStepCountingAvailable]) {
        //获取昨天的步数与距离数据
        [_pedometer queryPedometerDataFromDate:[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-60*60*24*2] toDate:[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:-60*60*24*1] withHandler:^(CMPedometerData * _Nullable pedometerData, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            if (error) {
                NSLog(@"error===%@",error);
            }
            else {
                NSLog(@"步数===%@",pedometerData.numberOfSteps);
                NSLog(@"距离===%@",pedometerData.distance);
            }
        }];
    } else {
        NSLog(@"不可用===");
    }

借鉴两篇文章代码，多谢
CMPedometer（计步器）使用，获取用户行走步数、距离等信息
华山论剑之浅谈iOS计步功能