self-abasement /'selfə'beismənt/ n.自卑
Self-abasement is voluntary self-punishment or humiliation in order to atone for some real or imagined wrongdoing。
Self-abasement might have a religious aspect for those seeking humility before God, perhaps in the context of monastic or cenobitic lifestyle。
t also has a sexual and fetish aspect for those people who enjoy erotic humiliation and other related BDSM practices。
inferiority /ɪn,fɪərɪ'ɒrɪtɪ/ n. 自卑；下属；次等；下部
1. inferiority complex 自卑情结；自卑感
2. feeling of inferiority 自卑感
An inferiority complex is a lack of self-worth, a doubt and uncertainty, and feelings of not measuring up to standards. It is often subconscious, and is thought to drive afflicted individuals to overcompensate, resulting either in spectacular achievement or extreme asocial behavior.[1] The term was coined to indicate a lack of covert self-esteem.[2] For many, it is developed through a combination of genetic personality characteristics and personal experiences.
A primary inferiority feeling is said to be rooted in the young child's original experience of weakness, helplessness and dependency. It can then be intensified by comparisons to siblings, romantic partners, and adults.
A secondary inferiority feeling relates to an adult's experience of being unable to reach a subconscious, fictional final goal of subjective security and success to compensate for the inferiority feelings. The perceived distance from that goal would lead to a negative/depressed feeling that could then prompt the recall of the original inferiority feeling; this composite of inferiority feelings could be experienced as overwhelming. The goal invented to relieve the original, primary feeling of inferiority which actually causes the secondary feeling of inferiority is the "catch-22" of this dilemma.[clarification needed] This vicious cycle is common in neurotic lifestyles.
self-esteem /'selfis'ti:m/ n. 自尊；自负；自大
the feeling of being satisfied with your own abilities, and that you deserve to be liked or respected
wikipedia:
In sociology and psychology, self-esteem reflects a person's overall emotional evaluation of his or her own worth. It is a judgment of oneself as well as an attitude toward the self. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs (for example, "I am competent," "I am worthy") and emotions such as triumph, despair, pride and shame.[1] Smith and Mackie define it by saying "The self-concept is what we think about the self; self-esteem, is the positive or negative evaluations of the self, as in how we feel about it."[2]:107 Self-esteem is also known as the evaluative dimension of the self that includes feelings of worthiness, prides and discouragement.[3] One's self-esteem is also closely associated with self-consciousness
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