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何凯文2020考研每日一句001-010

何凯文2020考研每日一句001-010

作者: Cloudstar | 来源:发表于2019-02-16 23:03 被阅读0次

    2020每日一句010(原文有录音)

    Some eastern people believe animals are conscious beings that experience, in varying degrees, emotions analogous to human desire, fear, pain, sorrow, and joy. This idea that animals are conscious was long unpopular in the West, but it has lately found favor among scientists who study animal cognition.

    一、思考题

    Some scientists have come to believe that animals are conscious.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. conscious beings 有意识的生物

    2. in varying degrees 在不同程度上

    3. analogous to 类似于

    4. sth find favor among sb:某事受到某人的认为和支持

    5. come to believe= believe; (前者表达更生动而已)

    6. unpopular 不受欢迎,不被接受

    三、句子

    第一句

    Some eastern people believe animals are conscious beings that experience, in varying degrees, emotions analogous to human desire, fear, pain, sorrow, and joy.

    主干识别:Some eastern people believe

    切分成分:

    1. animals are conscious beings 宾语从句主干

    2. that experience, emotions 定语从句主干

    3. analogous to human desire, fear, pain, sorrow, and joy.(定语)

    4. in varying degrees,状语

    参考译文:一些东方人相信动物是有意识的生物,它们在不同程度上体验到类似人类欲望、恐惧、痛苦、悲伤和欢乐的情绪。

    第二句

    This idea that animals are conscious was long unpopular in the West, but it has lately found favor among scientists who study animal cognition.

    并列句一的主干:This idea was long unpopular in the West

    切分成分:animals are conscious (同位语从句)

    并列句二的主干:it has lately found favor among scientists

    切分成分:who study animal cognition(定语从句)

    参考译文:动物是有意识的,这一观点在西方长期不受欢迎,但最近受到了研究动物认知的科学家们的认可。

    四、思考题解析

    Some scientists have come to believe that animals are conscious.

    一些科学家开始相信动物是有意识的。

    这个说法是正确的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这篇文章来自大西洋月刊最新的一期:

    动物能不能感受这个世界。动物怎么感知这个世界。西方的观点一直认为动物是不能感受这个世界的,动物没有人类这样的情绪。而从二战结束以后,西方的科学家开始研究动物的智商和认知,并且接受动物也是有情绪和意识的这一观点。(文章挺有意思,值得一读。)

    2020每日一句009(原文有录音)

    Testimony from industry groups and advocates previewed plenty of buzzy topics that legislators are likely to probe, from discriminatory pricing to limits on processing certain types of data. But lawmakers are split most starkly over the question of whether a federal law should supersede or take the place of state statutes.

    一、思考题

    There is no consensus among lawmakers concerning the topic of replacing state statutes

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. testimony:证词

    2. industry groups :行业组织

    3. advocates:倡导者

    4. preview:预示

    5. buzzy topics:热门话题

    6. probe:探究

    7. legislator:立法者

    8. discriminatory pricing :歧视性定价 (区分定价)

    9. processing:处理

    10. split: 分歧

    11. starkly:明显地

    12. preemption:

    13. supersede:取代

    14. state statutes:州法律
      statute = law = legislation 法律
      statues:雕塑,雕像
      status:身份地位
      (记得区分哦!)

    15. consensus 一致意见

    三、句子

    第一句

    Testimony from industry groups and advocates previewed plenty of buzzy topics that legislators are likely to probe, from discriminatory pricing to limits on processing certain types of data.

    解析:

    img

    主干识别:Testimony previewed plenty of buzzy topics

    切分成分:

    1. from industry groups and advocates 定语

    2. that legislators are likely to probe, 定语

    3. from discriminatory pricing to limits on processing certain types of data.定语

    参考译文:来自行业组织和倡导者的证词预先展示了许多立法者可能会探究的热门话题,从歧视性定价到对处理某些类型数据的限制。

    第二句

    But lawmakers are split most starkly over the question of whether a federal law should supersede or take the place of state statutes.

    img

    主干识别:lawmakers are split

    切分成分:

    1. most starkly 状语

    2. over the question 状语

    3. of whether a federal law should supersede or take the place of state statutes.定语

    参考译文:但是,立法者们在联邦法律是否应该取代州法律的问题上分歧最为明显。

    四、思考题解析

    There is no consensus among lawmakers concerning the topic of replacing state statutes.

    关于取代州法令的问题,立法者们没有达成共识。

    split= no consensus这个问题存在分歧=这个问题没有达成共识;

    (我知道会有同学说,我不这样认为!我觉得有分歧并不意味着就没有共识;还有一部分同学会说,我就是这样认为的,有分歧就不能叫共识)

    双方同学都很有道理,那到底对还是错呢?这个标准谁来定呢?出题人!在哪里定呢?真题!

    曾经真题中就有这样的替换,出题人认为这样的替换是正确。所以,既然游戏的规则制定者都给出了答案了,我们接受就好了!

    我们以后刷真题的意义就是确定出题人认为的正确和错误的标准。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    今天的文章来自《华盛顿邮报》Washington Post 2月26号的文章;这也是一份考研文章的主要来源报纸。

    美国有联邦法律,也有各州的法律。还有一个根本大法宪法;所有的法律都得遵从与宪法的规定。一般而言州法律需要服从于联邦法律。在一些问题上,只有各州的立法,还没有凌驾于州法律之上的联邦法律,比如隐私保护的问题,而且,现在国会也还没有决定是否就这些问题进行立法。大家都还是观望的态度。

    2020每日一句008

    Similarly, the trend ==for the heaviest social media users== ==to go to sleep late== may be down to teenagers who naturally fall asleep late using social media in bed until they feel tired.

    一、思考题

    Using social media in bed may cause users to go to sleep late.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. (1) be down to sb 是某人的责任;由某人负责:

      It's down to you to check the door. 检查门是否关好是你的事。

      (2) be down to sb / sth 由…引起(或造成):

      She claimed her problems were down to the media. 她声称她的问题是媒体造成的。

      知道这个短语就知道思考题是正确的了。

    2. social media 社交媒体(比如:微博,微信,QQ, twitter, Facebook )

    三、句子

    img

    主干识别:the trend may be down to teenagers

    切分成分:

    1. for the heaviest social media users to go to sleep late 定语

    2. who naturally fall asleep late using social media in bed until they feel tired 定语从句

    参考译文:

    同样的,使用社交媒体最频繁的用户往往睡的晚,这个趋势可能是由于这些年轻人造成的,他们在床上使用社交媒体,直到很晚了他们感到累了,才自然入睡。

    四、句子来源和背景介绍

    文章来自22号的卫报

    社交媒体对我们的影响是各方面的。对于孩子的影响也是各方面的。

    这篇文章讲到了使用社交媒体对于孩子睡眠的影响。

    2020每日一句007(原文有录音)

    Apple issued a warning to developers last week after a TechCrunch report revealed that a number of banking and travel companies had contracted with an analytics firm, Glassbox, to record customers’ screens as they used their apps.

    一、思考题

    Apple supports recording customers’ screens as Glassbox did.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. issue 发布
    2. reveal 显示 ,揭示
    3. contract with 签约

    三、句子

    img

    主干识别:Apple issued a warning to developers

    切分成分:

    1. last week(状语)

    2. after a TechCrunch report revealed that (状语从句)

    3. a number of banking and travel companies had contracted with an analytics firm, Glassbox, to record customers’ screens as they used their apps.(宾语从句)

    参考译文:上周,TechCrunch的一份报告显示,多家银行和旅游公司与分析公司Glassbox签订了合同,在客户使用他们的应用时对他们的屏幕进行了记录。之后,苹果向开发者发出了警告。(注意调序!)

    四、思考题解析

    Apple supports recording customers’ screens as Glassbox did. 苹果支持像Glassbox做的那样录制消费者的屏幕。

    苹果既然是在警告开发者,就说明苹果是反对这样做的。所以supports是不对的。这个题目也是不对的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    科技时代,用户隐私的保护一直是热门话题。这家公司可以录制你屏幕的操作,还告诉你说是为了你好。关键在于你之前也没有告诉用户啊。最近Google 的家有监视器的麦克风是可以录制用户家里的声音的。美国航空公司的座椅电视屏上安装了摄像头,用户也不知道。虽然这些公司都说,我没有用过这些设备,但是你得给用户说一声啊。科技越发达我们如果要用更多的科技产品,那隐私就必然会受到更多的影响,所以用户是选择原谅呢还是强硬的拒绝呢?

    2020每日一句006(原文有录音)

    Meanwhile, inspired partly by Donald Trump, politicians from Syria to Spain now openly attack reporters, calling them “fake” or “biased”, accusing them of twisting reality. The public, meanwhile, sees journalists as too soft on power or too close to the wealthy and don’t trust what they perceive as conflicts of interest.

    一、思考题

    思考题1

    Donald Trump is inspired partly by politicians.

    (T or F)

    思考题2

    Reporters accuse of politicians twisting reality.

    (T or F)

    思考题3

    The public don’t believe the report involving conflicts of interest .

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. A is inspired by B : A是结果,B是原因;

    2. accusing sb of doing sth:指责某人做某事

    3. twist reality: 扭曲事实

    4. perceive A as B :认为A是B

    5. conflicts of interest: 利益冲突

    三、句子

    第一句

    Meanwhile, inspired partly by Donald Trump, politicians from Syria to Spain now openly attack reporters, calling them “fake” or “biased”, accusing them of twisting reality.

    解析:

    img

    主干识别:Politicians attack reporters

    其他成分+独立成句:

    (考研中现在分词短语和过去分词短语都尽量还原为一个句子)

    1. inspired partly by Donald Trump, = politicians are inspired partly by Donald Trump.

      思考题:Donald Trump is inspired partly by politicians(错误)

    2. calling them “fake” or “biased” =politicians call them “fake” or “biased”

    3. accusing them of twisting reality=politicians accuse them of twisting reality

      思考题:Reporters accuse of politicians twisting reality. (错误)

      独立成句会让选项变得一目了然。

    参考译文: 与此同时,部分受特朗普的启发,从叙利亚到西班牙的政界人士现在公开攻击记者,称他们“虚假”或“有偏见”,指责他们歪曲现实。

    第二句

    The public, meanwhile, sees journalists as too soft on power or too close to the wealthy and don’t trust what they perceive as conflicts of interest.

    解析:

    img

    主干识别:The public sees journalists as too soft on power or too close to the wealthy and don’t trust+宾语从句

    切分成分+独立成句:

    what they perceive as conflicts of interest
    
    what 通常可以这样处理:what= something that 
    
    比如:I don’t believe what he said = I don’t believe something /that he said. 
    
    所以: what they perceive as conflicts of interest=something that they perceive as conflicts of interest
    
    被公众看作是利益冲突的事情
    

    参考译文:与此同时,公众认为记者在权力上太软弱,或者与富人关系过于密切,不相信他们所认为的和利益冲突(相关的事情)。

    思考题:

    The public don’t believe the report involving  conflicts of interest .
    
    这个说法是正确的;
    
    what they perceive as conflicts of interest= the report involving  conflicts of interest 
    

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    英国卫报也是考研文章的重要来源,这是22号的一篇文章:

    文章题目:If news is dying, who will safeguard democracy?

    如果新闻死了,那谁来捍卫民主呢?

    文章开头就写到:现在做新闻不如教新闻,做记者不如做教记者的老师。新闻业的衰退是有多方面原因的。而不信任是其中重要的原因。社会离不开新闻监督,而新闻业也必须面对问题作出改变。

    2020每日一句005(原文有录音)

    It looked more than a little weird: One of America’s most successful companies decides not to locate a headquarters in New York, and some of the city’s most prominent politicians cheer.

    一、思考题

    The decision of this company is acclaimed by some politicians.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. more than a little 不只是一点 =very (表程度)

    2. weird 奇怪

    3. headquarters 总部(单数和复试都一样的名词)

    4. prominent 有名的,杰出的

    5. cheer 欢呼,称赞=acclaim

    三、句子

    img

    主干识别:It looked more than a little weird:(it充当形式主语)

    其他成分:

    1. One of America’s most successful companies decides not to locate a headquarters in New York,

      主语从句中的并列一

    2. some of the city’s most prominent politicians cheer.

      主语从句中的并列句二

    参考译文:下面这件事情看起来不只是有一点奇怪:美国最成功的公司之一决定不在纽约设立一个总部,这座城市一些最著名的政治家为之欢呼雀跃。

    四、思考题解析

    The decision of this company is acclaimed by some politicians.

    这家公司的决定受到了一些政治家的称道。

    Cheer=acclaim

    这个说法是正确的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这篇文章同样来自《基督教科学箴言报》

    这个报纸名字听上去很诡异,但是和宗教没什么关系,读者受众都是精英人士。

    也是考研英语阅读的重要来源期刊。

    文章题目:Beyond Amazon debacle, wider doubts about tax breaks as tools

    参考译文:除了亚马逊的崩溃,减税作为工具受到了更广泛的怀疑。

    在美国,一些城市和州为了吸引大公司入驻给出了很多优惠的政策,其中一个政策工具就是tax breaks(减税),纽约就为星巴克提供了大幅度的税收优惠。但这桩交易出现了问题。当地的批评人士,包括一位民主党左翼的新星,一直在抨击这一计划,认为这并不能带动整体的经济增长,也并不一定能降低失业率,而且减少税收侵害了公众的利益。最终,亚马逊觉得最好的方法就是离开。左派政客们也觉得这样是最好的办法。人们也对这种用减税来吸引公司的做法提出了更广泛的质疑。

    2020每日一句004

    While a majority of Republicans supports the president’s decision, some conservatives, especially those concerned about constitutional rule and limited government, are finding it hard to get behind a move that risks expanding presidential power.

    一、思考题

    A majority of conservatives supports the president’s move.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. Republicans 共和党人 (特朗普是共和党,奥巴马是民主党 Democratic )

    2. conservatives 保守派 (共和党是保守派,民主党是自由派 liberals)

    3. the right 右派 (保守派是右派,自由派是左派 the left)

      (所以:共和党=保守派=右派;民主党=自由派=左派)

    4. constitutional rule 宪法原则; rule=principle

    5. limited government 有限政府(这是右派的政治主张,认为政府不能管太多)

    6. get behind(短语)支持

    7. risk(动词) 使…冒风险(或面临危险);冒…的风险(或危险):

      If they stayed there, they risked death.

      如果待在那儿,就面临死亡。

    8. move 行动,决定=decision (同义替换就是这样的,看起语义有差异但是本质一样。)

    我们以后刷真题的一个重要环节就是接受并积累出题人的同义替换;有的要知道出题人的尺度在哪里。我会在每日一句中不断地强化这种替换。我给出的替换都是字典给出的,还有出题人用过的,他要不用我也不敢用。关于字典,你用的网络字典可能过于简单,我用的是牛津高阶。所以有的时候我给出的语义你查不到。

    三 、句子

    文章题目:For some, emergency declaration pits conservatism against Trumpism

    题目中有一个重点词汇:pit 名词:坑; 动词短语:Pit A against B (使A和B对立起来)

    (参考译文:对某些人而言,进入紧急状态的决定使保守主义和特朗普主义对立起来了。)

    都知道特朗普想在美国和墨西哥的边境修一堵墙,但是国会参议院被民主党把持着,一直不同意拨款,上周,特朗普总统正式宣布了他的计划,宣布全国进入紧急状态,这样他就不需要国会的同意就能获得70亿美元的修墙经费,特特真是虎虎虎啊!众议院和参议院的民主党人一致反对国家紧急措施,虽然反对无效,但是根据《国家紧急状态法》,如果众议院和参议院认为总统的行为不负责任,或者威胁已经消散,他们可以采取所谓的联合决议终止紧急状态。这需要参议院和众议院的绝对多数,民主党显然占不到绝对多数,但是!一些参议院共和党人也表达了对该计划的担忧,这一行为和保守主义的执政理念是不一样的。这些人很可能反水!最后结果如何我们拭目以待!

    While a majority of Republicans supports the president’s decision, some conservatives, especially those concerned about constitutional rule and limited government, are finding it hard to get behind a move that risks expanding presidential power.

    解析

    img

    主干识别

    some conservatives are finding it hard to get behind a move

    其他成分

    1. While a majority of Republicans supports the president’s decision,状语

    2. those (conservatives 的同位语)(concerned about constitutional rule and limited government过去分词短语做后置定语)

    3. that risks expanding presidential power 定语从句

    参考译文:虽然大多数共和党人支持总统的决定,但一些保守派,特别是那些关注宪法规则和有限政府的人,发现很难支持这一行动,因为这有可能扩大总统的权力。

    四、思考题解析

    A majority of conservatives supports the president’s move.

    大多数的保守党人是支持总统行动的。

    所以这个说法是正确的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这篇文章来自《基督教科学箴言报》,这个报纸名字听上去很诡异,但是在美国,受众都是精英人士。也是考研英语阅读的重要来源期刊。

    2020每日一句003

    We live in a time when technological change is portrayed as an inexorable, impersonal force: we’d better learn how to surf the tsunami or drown. But as a society, we always have a choice about which direction we take next. Technology isn’t just something that happens to us; it’s something we can decide to build and to use, or not.

    一、思考题

    The author believes that technological change is a relentless force for a society.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. A is portrayed as B: A被描述为B

    2. inexorable (that cannot be stopped or changed不可阻挡的;无法改变的)= relentless=inevitable 不可避免的

    3. impersonal 缺乏人情味的;冷淡的; 非指个人的;客观的:

      例1:a cold impersonal stare 冷漠的凝视
      例2:Let's keep the criticism general and impersonal. 让我们作整体的批评,不要针对个人。
      例3:formal and impersonal 刻板而没有人情味

      impersonality (名词) 冷漠无情

      例4:impersonal force 客观的力量

    4. tsunami 海啸

    5. drown 溺亡

    6. happen to sb(短语) 遇到,遇见

    例句:Do you know what happened to Kevin?(= have you any news about her) ?你有汤姆的消息吗?(这个翻译很酷吧)

    三、句子

    第一句

    We live in a time when technological change is portrayed as an inexorable, impersonal force: we’d better learn how to surf the tsunami or drown.

    主干识别:We live in a time

    其他成分:

    1. when technological change is portrayed as an inexorable, impersonal force 定语从句

    2. we’d better learn how to surf the tsunami or drown. 冒号引导的从句表示解释

    参考译文:我们生活在这样一个时代,技术变革被描述为一种无法停止的、客观的(非个人)的力量,我们最好学会如何在海啸中冲浪或“学会”如何被淹死。

    第二句

    But as a society, we always have a choice about which direction we take next.

    主干识别:we always have a choice

    切分成分:

    1. as a society 状语

    2. about which direction we take next 定语

    参考译文:但作为一个社会,接下来去向何方,我们一直都是有选择的。

    第三句

    Technology isn’t just something that happens to us; it’s something we can decide to build and to use, or not.

    并列句一:Technology isn’t just something (that happens to us定语从句)

    并列句二:it’s something (we can decide to build and to use, or not. 定语从句)

    参考译文:技术不只是我们遇见的东西;我们可以决定发明或使用技术,我们也可以决定不发明不使用技术。

    四、思考题解析

    The author believes that technological change is a relentless force for a society.

    作者认为技术的变化对于社会而言是不可改变的力量。第一句是大众的观点。第二句和第三句是作者的观点作者明确就说了作为一个社会而言,对于技术我们是有选择权和决定权的。所以这个说法是错误的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这篇文章来自18日的英国卫报;

    标题:Wake up, humanity! A hi-tech dystopian future is not inevitable

    醒醒,人类!高科技反乌托邦的未来并非不可避免。

    解释两个概念:

    1. 乌托邦(Utopia):理想的国度,那里的一切都很美好。

    2. 反乌托邦(dystopia):多指充满丑恶与不幸之地。

    这两个概念在不同的语境下有不同的理解,在这个语境下就是我刚才给出的解释。所谓高科技乌托邦是指科技能为我们创造更美好的未来。 而高科技反乌托邦则认为科技会使人类走向黑暗,人类会最终成为技术的奴隶。

    文章开头谈到空客上周宣布停止制造A380,这是世界上最大的宽体客机,因为目前的趋势是更小、更省油的飞机。3月2日是协和式飞机首次飞行50周年,很久以前人们都觉得民航飞机都应该是超音速的。但后来超音速飞机停止生产了, 这说明人类是可以把握技术的发展方向的,我们是可以对技术保持“觉察”的,我们并不是注定会成为技术的奴隶。技术带给人类的未来并不一定就是理想国,也不一定就是末日。人类的命运是由人类选择的。

    2020每日一句002

    In short, the Green New Deal’s supporters hope that industrial policy can now bring forth another transition—to cheaper energy, faster trains, and an altogether more climate-friendly economy. But a group of scholars argue that the United States has neglected its domestic manufacturing sector since the 1980s, a move that risks national failure.

    一、思考题

    A group of scholars argue domestic manufacturing sector will bring forth the national failure.

    (T or F)

    二、单词

    1. In short, 简言之

    2. bring forth 带来

    3. transition 转变

    4. climate-friendly economy 环境友好性经济

    5. domestic manufacturing sector 国内制造行业

    6. industrial policy 产业政策

    7. risk(动词)使…冒风险(或面临危险);冒…的风险(或危险):

      If they stayed there, they risked death. 如果待在那儿,就面临死亡。

      They knew they risked being arrested. 他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。

      This move risks national failure.这一行动将使国家面临失败的危险=这一举动有可能导致国家失败。

    三、句子

    第一句

    In short, the Green New Deal’s supporters hope that industrial policy can now bring forth another transition—to cheaper energy, faster trains, and an altogether more climate-friendly economy.

    主干识别:the Green New Deal’s supporters hope that

    其他成分:

    1. In short, 状语

    2. industrial policy can now bring forth another transition 宾语从句主干

    3. to cheaper energy, faster trains, and an altogether more climate-friendly economy. 定语修饰transition

    参考译文:简而言之,绿色新政的支持者们希望产业政策现在能带来另一个转变,向更廉价的能源、更快的火车和更环保的经济过渡。

    第二句

    But a group of scholars argue that the United States has neglected its domestic manufacturing sector since the 1980s, a move that risks national failure.

    主干识别:But a group of scholars argue that

    切分成分:

    1. the United States has neglected its domestic manufacturing sector 宾语从句

    2. since the 1980s 状语

    3. a move 同位语(对前面的整个句子进行补充说明)

    4. that risks national failure 定语从句

    参考译文:但是,一群学者认为,自上世纪80年代以来,美国就忽视了其国内制造业部门,这一举动有可能导致国家失败。

    四、思考题解析

    A group of scholars argue domestic manufacturing sector will bring forth the national failure.

    (T or F)

    参考译文:一群学者认为国内制造部门会带来国家的失败。这个说法是不对的,因为文中的学者认为“美国忽视了其国内制造业部门”这一举动有可能导致国家失败。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这篇文章也是来自大西洋月刊昨天的文章。

    美国推出了Green New Deal计划希望能保护环境应对气候变化。

    这个计划背后的逻辑是一个国家的产业政策(宏观调控)对于这个计划很重要。同时又得获得资本的支持。总之就这个事情,观点也很多,麻烦也不少。下面就有两个观点,一个说要搞环保,一个说搞不好制造业(污染行业)国家危险。(所以美国就应该学习我们的科学发展观!)

    2020每日一句001

    Understanding how languages emerge and survive holds great interest for researchers, since many languages are slipping away in increasing numbers around the world. Uncommon languages are better equipped to survive, researchers are learning, when young people are actively speaking them, whether in a family setting, in a school system, or in immersion programs.

    一、思考题

    The high frequency of use facilitates the survival of uncommon language.

    (判断:T or F)

    二、单词

    1. emerge 出现
    2. survive 存在
    3. sth hold great interest for sb 某事引起了某人极大的兴趣(写作可以借鉴)
    4. slip away 消失
    5. in increasing numbers= more and more 越来越多
    6. Uncommon languages 不常见的语言(地方性的语言)
    7. Be equipped to 有准备/能力…
    8. family setting 家庭环境
    9. immersion programs 沉浸式项目

    三、句子

    第一句

    Understanding how languages emerge and survive holds great interest for researchers, since many languages are slipping away in increasing numbers around the world.

    主干识别:

    (Understanding how languages emerge and survive)(主语) holds great interest for researchers

    切分成分:

    since many languages are slipping away in increasing numbers around the world. (状语从句)

    参考译文:

    由于世界上越来越多的语言在消失,了解语言是如何出现和存活的,引起了研究者们的极大兴趣。

    第二句

    Uncommon languages are better equipped to survive, researchers are learning, when young people are actively speaking them, whether in a family setting, in a school system, or in immersion programs.

    主干识别:

    researchers are learning 主谓结构做插入语(研究者们发现),其他部分都是 are learning的从句,省略了that;

    切分成分:

    1. Uncommon languages are better equipped to survive, 地方性的语言就能更好地生存下来

    2. when young people are actively speaking them 状语

    3. whether in a family setting, in a school system, or in immersion programs. 状语

    参考译文:

    研究者们发现,当年轻人无论是在家庭环境、学校系统还是沉浸式学习课程中积极使用这些语言时,地方性的语言就能更好地生存下来。(根据我的参考译文看一下调序)(注意状语的调序,这是难点也是重点)

    中文里状语一般可以在:句子开头或者主语后,动词前。总之一句话:盘它 !

    四、思考题解析

    The high frequency of use facilitates the survival of uncommon language.

    (判断:T or F)

    频繁的使用有助于稀有语言的生存。

    所以判断题是正确的。

    五、句子来源和背景介绍

    这是本月大西洋月刊的一篇文章;

    The Reason Some Hyperlocal Languages Survive.一些使用范围非常小的语言得以存在的原因

    (Hyperlocal Languages= Uncommon tongues= Uncommon languages)

    Uncommon tongues are more likely to last when young people are actively speaking them.当年轻人积极地说英语时,这样的语言更有可能持续。

    这就是文章主题和背景,世界上现在世界上查明的语言有5651种。其中,还有1400多种还没有被人们承认是独立的语言,或者是正在衰亡的语言,也就是所谓的Hyperlocal Languages或者Uncommon languages,研究人员就在研究哪些语言能存活下去。

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