kubernetes
资源控制器
daemonset 控制器
[root@master ~]# vim mynginx.yaml
---
kind: DaemonSet
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: mynginx
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
myapp: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
myapp: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginxcluster
image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:nginx
stdin: false
tty: false
ports:
- protocol: TCP
containerPort: 80
restartPolicy: Always
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mynginx.yaml
daemonset.apps/mynginx created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
mynginx-77jtf 1/1 Running 0 6s 10.244.3.9 node-0001
mynginx-cwdzt 1/1 Running 0 6s 10.244.1.9 node-0003
mynginx-z2kl6 1/1 Running 0 6s 10.244.2.10 node-0002
[root@master ~]#
污点与容忍
污点策略：NoSchedule、PreferNoSchedule、NoExecute
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f mynginx.yaml
daemonset.apps "mynginx" deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe nodes |grep -P "^Taints"
Taints: node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule
Taints: <none>
Taints: <none>
Taints: <none>
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node-0001 k1=v1:NoSchedule
node/node-0001 tainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mynginx.yaml
daemonset.apps/mynginx created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mynginx-f2rxh 1/1 Running 0 4s
mynginx-n7xsw 1/1 Running 0 4s
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node-0001 k1-
node/node-0001 untainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
mynginx-f2rxh 1/1 Running 0 105s
mynginx-hp6f2 1/1 Running 0 2s
mynginx-n7xsw 1/1 Running 0 105s
[root@master ~]#
驱逐容器
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myapache.yaml
deployment.apps/myapache created
[root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment myapache --replicas=3
deployment.apps/myapache scaled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
myapache-7d689bf8f-xq7l6 1/1 Running 0 2m23s 10.244.3.11 node-0001
myapache-7d689bf8f-b4d5f 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.14 node-0002
myapache-7d689bf8f-mzcgw 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.1.13 node-0003
mynginx-hp6f2 1/1 Running 0 5m25s 10.244.3.10 node-0001
mynginx-f2rxh 1/1 Running 0 7m8s 10.244.2.11 node-0002
mynginx-4f7tl 1/1 Running 0 20s 10.244.1.12 node-0003
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node-0003 k1=v1:NoExecute
node/node-0003 tainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
myapache-7d689bf8f-xq7l6 1/1 Running 0 2m23s 10.244.3.11 node-0001
myapache-7d689bf8f-b4d5f 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.14 node-0002
myapache-7d689bf8f-mzcgw 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.15 node-0002
mynginx-hp6f2 1/1 Running 0 5m25s 10.244.3.10 node-0001
mynginx-f2rxh 1/1 Running 0 7m8s 10.244.2.11 node-0002
[root@master ~]# kubectl taint node node-0003 k1-
node/node-0003 untainted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
myapache-7d689bf8f-xq7l6 1/1 Running 0 2m23s 10.244.3.11 node-0001
myapache-7d689bf8f-b4d5f 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.14 node-0002
myapache-7d689bf8f-mzcgw 1/1 Running 0 9s 10.244.2.15 node-0002
mynginx-hp6f2 1/1 Running 0 5m25s 10.244.3.10 node-0001
mynginx-f2rxh 1/1 Running 0 7m8s 10.244.2.11 node-0002
mynginx-9s9z4 1/1 Running 0 34s 10.244.1.14 node-0003
[root@master ~]#
job/cronjob 控制器
job 资源文件
[root@master ~]# vim myjob.yaml
---
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
name: pi
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: pi
image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:v1804
command: ["perl", "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
restartPolicy: OnFailure
[root@master config]# kubectl apply -f myjob.yaml
job.batch/pi created
[root@master config]# kubectl get job
NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE
pi 1/1 2s 7s
[root@master config]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pi-gvfwj 0/1 Completed 0 15s
# 查看终端结果
[root@master config]# kubectl logs pi-gvfwj
cronjob 资源文件
[root@master ~]# vim mycronjob.yaml
---
apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
name: cronjob-pi
spec:
schedule: "*/1 * * * *"
jobTemplate:
spec:
template:
spec:
containers:
- name: pi
image: 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:v1804
command: ["perl", "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
restartPolicy: OnFailure
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mycronjob.yaml
cronjob.batch/cronjob-pi created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get cronjobs.batch
NAME SCHEDULE SUSPEND ACTIVE LAST SCHEDULE AGE
cronjob-pi */1 * * * * False 0 <none> 10s
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
cronjob-pi-1595410620-vvztx 0/1 Completed 0 62s
集群服务
服务图例
flowchart LR
subgraph K8S服务
S1([service<br>clusterIP]);S2([service<br>headless]);S3([service<br>nodeport])
S1 ---> P1[(apache<br>Pod)] & P2[(apache<br>Pod)] & P3[(apache<br>Pod)]
U1((用户)) --> S1
U1 -.-> S2 -.-> U1
U1 -.-> P1 & P2 & P3
S3 ==> P1 & P2 & P3
end
U2((用户)) ==> S3
classDef className fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px;
classDef Kubernetes fill:#ffffc0,color:#ff00ff
class U1,U2 className
class K8S服务 Kubernetes
ClusterIP服务
会变化的资源
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myapache.yaml
deployment.apps/myapache created
[root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment myapache --replicas=2
deployment.apps/myapache scaled
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
myapache-7d689bf8f-c268l 1/1 Running 0 13s 10.244.2.16 node-0002
myapache-7d689bf8f-4z225 1/1 Running 0 5s 10.244.1.15 node-0003
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod myapache-7d689bf8f-4z225
pod "myapache-7d689bf8f-4z225" deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
myapache-7d689bf8f-c268l 1/1 Running 0 38s 10.244.2.16 node-0002
myapache-7d689bf8f-mccqv 1/1 Running 0 13s 10.244.3.12 node-0001
[root@master ~]#
创建 ClusterIP 服务
[root@master ~]# vim clusterip.yaml
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myapache
spec:
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
myapp: httpd # 标签必须与 deploy 资源文件中一致
type: ClusterIP
[root@master config]# kubectl apply -f clusterip.yaml
service/myapache created
[root@master config]# kubectl get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.254.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 22h
myapache ClusterIP 10.254.235.248 <none> 80/TCP 4s
访问服务
服务只有在集群内部才可以访问，创建 Pod，在Pod 中访问服务
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mypod.yaml
pod/mypod created
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it mypod -- /bin/bash
[root@mypod /]# curl http://10.254.235.248/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
[REMOTE_ADDR] => 10.244.1.16
[REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
[HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
[REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: myapache-7d689bf8f-mccqv
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[root@mypod /]# curl http://10.254.235.248/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
[REMOTE_ADDR] => 10.244.1.16
[REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
[HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
[REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: myapache-7d689bf8f-c268l
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[root@mypod /]#
扩容集群节点，服务自动扩展
# 在master上执行扩容节点
[root@master ~]# kubectl scale deployment myapache --replicas=3
# 服务本质是LVS规则
[root@master ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
TCP 10.254.235.248:80 rr
-> 10.244.1.17:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.2.16:80 Masq 1 0 0
-> 10.244.3.12:80 Masq 1 0 0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 在pod里访问
[root@pod-example /]# curl http://10.254.78.148/info.php
... ...
php_host: myapache-7d689bf8f-lpt89
... ...
php_host: myapache-7d689bf8f-mccqv
... ...
php_host: myapache-7d689bf8f-c268l
nodeport 服务
[root@master ~]# vim mynodeport.yaml
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: mynodeport
spec:
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
myapp: httpd
type: NodePort # 指定服务类型
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mynodeport.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
mynodeport NodePort 10.254.105.233 <none> 80:31410/TCP 4s
#---------------------------所有node节点31410端口均可访问-----------------------------------
# 在跳板机上访问服务
[root@ecs-proxy ~]# curl http://192.168.1.31:31410/info.php
[root@ecs-proxy ~]# curl http://192.168.1.32:31410/info.php
[root@ecs-proxy ~]# curl http://192.168.1.33:31410/info.php
headless 服务
[root@master ~]# vim myheadless.yaml
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myheadless
spec:
ports:
- protocol: TCP
port: 80
targetPort: 80
selector:
myapp: httpd
type: ClusterIP
clusterIP: None # 新添加
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myheadless.yaml
service/myheadless created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.254.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 22h
myapache ClusterIP 10.254.235.248 <none> 80/TCP 7m52s
myheadless ClusterIP None <none> 80/TCP 3s
#-----------------------------------进入pod查看解析结果------------------------------------
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it pod-example -- /bin/bash
[root@mypod /]# yum install -y bind-utils
[root@mypod /]# host myheadless.default.svc.cluster.local
myheadless.default.svc.cluster.local has address 10.244.3.12
myheadless.default.svc.cluster.local has address 10.244.1.17
myheadless.default.svc.cluster.local has address 10.244.2.16
ingress
安装控制器
拷贝云盘 kubernetes/v1.17.6/ingress 文件夹到 master 上，导入镜像到私有仓库
[root@master ingress]# docker load -i ingress-nginx.tar.gz
[root@master ingress]# docker tag quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0 192.168.1.100:5000/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
[root@master ingress]# docker push 192.168.1.100:5000/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
[root@master ingress]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/nginx-ingress-controller/tags/list
{"name":"nginx-ingress-controller","tags":["0.30.0"]}
[root@master ~]# vim ingress/mandatory.yaml
221: image: 192.168.1.100:5000/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f ingress/mandatory.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-ingress-controller-fc6766d7-ptppp 1/1 Running 0 47s
[root@master ingress]#
发布服务
[root@master ingress]# vim ingress-example.yaml
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: my-web
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
backend:
serviceName: myapache
servicePort: 80
[root@master ingress]# kubectl apply -f ingress-example.yaml
[root@master ingress]# kubectl get ingresses
NAME HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
my-app * 192.168.1.33 80 3m2s
#----------------------- 在跳板机访问测试 -------------------------------------------------
[root@ecs-proxy ~]# curl http://192.168.1.33/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
[REMOTE_ADDR] => 10.244.3.0
[REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
[HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
[REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: apache-example-65fb568b4c-p6mrl
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