0. 问题导入
之前绘图的时候,我经常会去RGB颜色对照表上手动去摘选颜色码,然后手动粘到ggplot-scale_fill/color_manual(values = c('我选的色带'))。但是呢,大家都知道的,男生嘛,对于颜色这方面,是吧......大家都懂的(手动汗颜,表示要向李佳琦好好学习)。一般绘图常态就是画图15秒,调色一小时,简直是开了无数窗口,最后还是强迫症爆炸般地觉得下一个色带一定是最好的。
BUT, HOWEVER
组会上把精心调好的图展示出来的时候,还是有时候会觉得不太好看
于是乎就有了今天这篇帖子,旨在搜罗网上比较全的颜色贴,好好滴总结一波,希望可以帮到同样是选择困难症的你。
绘图所用软件包附于文末, PS:多图预警!!图片加载可能需要画20秒左右,内容精彩,值得期待哈~
1. 示例数据
本次演示采用“全球sc-PDSI(干旱指数)1901-2018年的月尺度数据” 中的2018年12月的数据进行绘图示例。同之前,为了大家下载方便,下附百度云下载链接(如果觉得慢,也可以去数据官网进行下载):
2. 数据导入与底图绘制
input_data = 'L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\data\\scpdsi_1901_2018.nc'data = stack(input_data)data = data[[1416]] #2018-12df = as.data.frame(data,xy = T)colnames(df) = c('long','lat','scpdsi')na_index = which(is.na(df$scpdsi))df = df[-na_index,]df$DC = cut(df$scpdsi, breaks = c(-Inf,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,Inf))df$DC = factor(df$DC, labels = c('Exceptional Drought', 'Extreme Drought', 'Severe Drought', "Moderate Drought", 'Abnormally Dry', 'No Drought'))# fill barp = ggplot()+ geom_hline(aes(yintercept = 50),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_hline(aes(yintercept = 0),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_hline(aes(yintercept = -50),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_vline(aes(xintercept = 0),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_vline(aes(xintercept = -100),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_vline(aes(xintercept = 100),linetype = 'dashed',alpha = 0.5,lwd = 0.5,color = 'black')+ geom_tile(data = df, aes(x = long,y = lat, fill = DC))+ theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'transparent',color = 'black'), axis.text = element_text(face='bold',colour='black',size=fontsize,hjust=.5), axis.title = element_text(face='bold',colour='black',size=fontsize,hjust=.5), legend.position=c('bottom'), legend.direction = c('horizontal'))+ coord_fixed(1.3)+ guides(fill=guide_legend(nrow=3))+ xlab('Longitude')+ ylab('Latitude')
3. 增加Viridis 色带
Viridis 色带包由Simon Garnier研发, 包含viridis, magma, plasma, inferno及默认共5个色带组(图1-2),对应scale_fill/color_viridis(option =" " )中的"A", "B", "C", "D","E"五个参数。
图1 Viridis 色带组说明
png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_viridis.png',height=15,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)# print(p_viridis)p_viridis=grid.arrange(p+scale_fill_viridis(option='A',discrete=T)+labs(x="Virdis A",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_viridis(option='B',discrete=T)+labs(x="Virdis B",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_viridis(option='C',discrete=T)+labs(x="Virdis C",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_viridis(option='D',discrete=T)+labs(x="Virdis D",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_viridis(option='E',discrete=T)+labs(x="Virdis E",y=NULL),ncol=3,nrow=2)dev.off()
图2 Viridis 色带展示
4. 增加 RColorBrewer 色带
RColorBrewer这个应用很广泛了,附色带图谱及应用示例(图3-6)。
图3 Viridis 色带展示
4.1 RColorBrewer 色带组1
png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_rcolor_brewer.png',height=26,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)p_rcolor_brewer=grid.arrange(p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='YlOrRd')+labs(x="ColorBand: YlOrRd",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='YlOrBr')+labs(x="ColorBand: YlOrBr",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='YlGnBu')+labs(x="ColorBand: YlGnBu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='YlGn')+labs(x="ColorBand: YlGn",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Reds')+labs(x="ColorBand: Reds",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='RdPu')+labs(x="ColorBand: RdPu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Purples')+labs(x="ColorBand: Purples",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PuRd')+labs(x="ColorBand: PuRd",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PuBuGn')+labs(x="ColorBand: PuBuGn",y=NULL),ncol=3)dev.off()
图4 RColorBrewer 色带组1
4.1 RColorBrewer 色带组2
png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_rcolor_brewer2.png',height=26,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)p_rcolor_brewer=grid.arrange(p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PuBu')+labs(x="ColorBand: PuBu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='OrRd')+labs(x="ColorBand: OrRd",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Oranges')+labs(x="ColorBand: Oranges",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Greys')+labs(x="ColorBand: Greys",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Greens')+labs(x="ColorBand: Greens",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='GnBu')+labs(x="ColorBand: GnBu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='BuPu')+labs(x="ColorBand: BuPu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='BuGn')+labs(x="ColorBand: BuGn",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='Blues')+labs(x="ColorBand: Blues",y=NULL),ncol=3)dev.off()
图5 RColorBrewer 色带组2
4.1 RColorBrewer 色带组3
png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_rcolor_brewer3.png',height=15,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)p_rcolor_brewer=grid.arrange(p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='RdYlBu')+labs(x="ColorBand: RdYlBu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='RdBu')+labs(x="ColorBand: RdBu",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PuOr')+labs(x="ColorBand: PuOr",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PRGn')+labs(x="ColorBand: PRGn",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='PiYG')+labs(x="ColorBand: PiYG",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_brewer(palette='BrBG')+labs(x="ColorBand: BrBG",y=NULL),ncol=3)dev.off()
图6 RColorBrewer 色带组3
5. 增加 GGSCI 色带(来自一些顶级期刊,如柳叶刀)
GGSCI这个色带组收集了一些主流SCI期刊中比较受欢迎与经典的色带组(图7),分别包括:
scale_color/fill_npg(): 对应Nature Publishing Group色带
scale_color/fill_aaas(): 对应American Association for the Advancement of Science 色带
scale_color/fill_lancet: 对应Lancet (柳叶刀)期刊搜集的色带组
scale_color/fill_jco: 对应Journal of Clinical Oncology 色带组
scale_color/fill_tron: 对应Tron Legacy 色带组
png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_ggsci.png',height=15,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)p_rcolor_brewer=grid.arrange(p+scale_fill_npg()+labs(x="ColorBand: NRC",y=NULL),p+scale_fill_aaas()+labs(x='ColorBand: AAAS',y=NULL),p+scale_fill_lancet()+labs(x='ColorBand: Lancet',y=NULL),p+scale_fill_jco()+labs(x='ColorBand: JCO',y=NULL),p+scale_fill_tron()+labs(x='ColorBand: TRON',y=NULL),ncol=3)dev.off()
图7 GGSCI 色带示例
6. 增加 Wes Anderson色带(来自一些顶级期刊,如柳叶刀)
由于Wes Anderson 色带组中大多颜色带所含颜色数量为4-5个(图8-9),因此在此,我对 df 中的干旱分类组进行压缩,将Abnormal dry 与 No drought 进行合并。
图8 Wes Anderson色带组
df$DC2=cut(df$scpdsi,breaks=c(-Inf,-5,-4,-3,-2,Inf))df$DC2=factor(df$DC2,labels=c('Exceptional Drought','Extreme Drought','Severe Drought',"Moderate Drought",'AD and No Drought'))p1=ggplot()+geom_hline(aes(yintercept=50),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_hline(aes(yintercept=0),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_hline(aes(yintercept=-50),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_vline(aes(xintercept=0),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_vline(aes(xintercept=-100),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_vline(aes(xintercept=100),linetype='dashed',alpha=0.5,lwd=0.5,color='black')+geom_tile(data=df,aes(x=long,y=lat,fill=DC2))+theme(panel.background=element_rect(fill='transparent',color='black'),axis.text=element_text(face='bold',colour='black',size=fontsize,hjust=.5),axis.title=element_text(face='bold',colour='black',size=fontsize,hjust=.5),legend.position=c('bottom'),legend.direction=c('horizontal'))+coord_fixed(1.3)+guides(fill=guide_legend(nrow=3))+xlab('Longitude')+ylab('Latitude')png('L:\\JianShu\\2019-12-07\\plot\\plot_web_anderson.png',height=26,width=26,units='cm',res=1000)p_rcolor_brewer=grid.arrange(p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Rushmore1'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Rushmore1",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Zissou1'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Zissou1",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Darjeeling1'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Darjeeling1",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('BottleRocket2'))+labs(x="ColorBand: BottleRocket2",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Royal2'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Royal2",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Darjeeling2'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Darjeeling2",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('FantasticFox1'))+labs(x="ColorBand: FantasticFox1",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Moonrise3'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Moonrise3",y=NULL),p1+scale_fill_manual(values=wes_palette('Cavalcanti1'))+labs(x="ColorBand: Cavalcanti1",y=NULL),ncol=3)dev.off()
图9 Wes Anderson 色带组示例
7. 本文所用软件包-木有的话,可以用install.packages('软件包名')进行安装
library(viridis)library(RColorBrewer)library(ggsci)library(wesanderson)library(ggplot2)library(gridExtra)
8. 致谢
大家如果觉得有用,还麻烦大家关注点赞,也可以扩散到朋友圈,帮助到绘图中同样陷入颜色选择困难症的TA
大家如果在使用本文代码的过程有遇到问题的,可以留言评论,也可以私信我哈~~
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