第29篇精读
1：精读原文和译文摘自新概念英语；英英释义来自牛津、朗文及柯林斯词典；
2：新概念英语精读系列旨在通过精读经典教材，夯实英语基础（词汇、长难句、语法点），积攒原汁原味的表达；
3：关注本公众号“transhare翻译”，后台回复“新概念”，可得到新概念电子书及相关音频的获取方式。
新概念精读系列分享模式有所变动，目的有二：
每次阅文时间控制在15分钟之内
设置每日小打卡共学圈（加入方式见文末）
变动如下：
第一天：原文+译文+音频+语篇导读
第二天及之后：根据内容划分精读量
一周一篇
阅读方法建议：
第一遍纯英文式阅读，遇到不懂的地方不要暂停，一气呵成
第二遍阅读英语原文，记下不清楚的地方（单词、短语、长难句和理解难点等），然后带着这些问题阅读随后的精读注解
如果随后的精读笔记不足以解决难点，可以将问题发送至后台等待解答
*精读笔记尽可能详细，让读有所获
精读注解
①Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.②The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up withnational characteristics.③A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh ata Russian joke.④In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
语篇导读：本段主要表明幽默感与民族特点存在特殊关系。①②幽默感取决于成长的环境，因而与民族特点关系微妙。③④法国人未必懂俄罗斯人的幽默，而英国人未必懂俄罗斯人的幽默，借以说明前两句的观点。
largely /'lɑːdʒlɪ/：mostly or mainly在很大程度上，主要地，如：The state of Nevada is largely desert. 内华达州大部分是沙漠。
【难句解析】Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up. ①Whether we find a joke funny or not：名词性从句作主语；②where we have been brought up：名词性从句作宾语
【语法小学堂】名词性从句：名词性从句，即指性质相当于名词的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。详见英语语法网，链接如下：http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/200807/427.html
【写作推荐】be bound up with: 与…关系密切，如：Feeling happy is often bound up with the fear of losing that happiness. 感到幸福经常与失去这种幸福的恐惧联系在一起。
【熟词僻义】laugh at：①因…而发笑，如：As a parent myself, I understood exactly what she meant and we shared a laugh at our common experience. 我也是母亲，我完全理解她的话，我们为共同的体验而会心一笑。②嘲笑、蔑视，如：We should not laugh at those who make mistakes. 我们不应该嘲笑犯错误的人。
in the same way：同样
laugh to tears：笑出泪来
anything amusing…：amusing是现在分词修饰anything，再如：anything interesting：什么有趣的东西。
①Most funny stories are based on comic situations.②In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.③No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films.④However, a new type of humour, which stems largely fromthe U.S., has recently come into fashion.⑤It is called 'sick humour'.⑥Comediansbase their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents.⑦Many people find this sort of joke distasteful.⑧The following example of 'sick humour' will enable you to judge for yourself.
语篇导读：本段从吸引普罗大众的基于喜剧情节编写的幽默过渡到“病态幽默”。①②③讲述大多数幽默都是根据喜剧情节，能够因大多数国家大众发笑，比如查理•卓别林的喜剧电影；④⑤话锋一转，引出“病态幽默”；⑥病态幽默基于悲剧情节编写；⑦一些人认为这是低俗的幽默；⑧引出下文，举例让读者自行判断病态幽默的是否低俗。
be based on:if one thing is based on another, it uses it or is developed from it（以某事）为基础，为根据，如：The movie is based on a real-life incident. 这部电影以现实生活中的一件事为基础。
comic /'kɒmɪk/：If you describe something as comic, you mean that it makes you laugh, and is often intended to make you laugh. 喜剧的，如：The novel is comic and tragic. 这本小说兼有喜剧和悲剧的特点。
universal /juːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l/：Something that is universal relates to everyone in the world or everyone in a particular group or society. 全世界的; 普遍的，如：The desire to look attractive is universal. 爱美之心人皆有之。
【难句解析】No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin's early films. ①No matter where：引导让步状语从句；②say是插入语，比如说
stem from:起源于，如：Many of my poems stem from simple memories. 我的许多诗歌出自单纯的记忆。
come into fashion：流行；开始风行，如：Long skirts have come into fashion again . 长裙子又流行起来。
comedian /kə'miːdɪən/:someone whose job is to tell jokes and make people laugh喜剧演员，滑稽演员，如：He started as a stand-up comedian (= someone who tells jokes to an audience ) . 他最初是一名单口喜剧演员。
…like violent death or serious accidents：修饰situation
【词汇精析】distasteful /dɪs'teɪstf(ʊ)l/：unpleasant or morally offensive令人生厌的，令人反感的，如：Some people find this idea distasteful. 一些人反感这个想法。
同义词：painful（making you feel very upset, or very difficult and unpleasant for you令人痛苦[难受]的；困难的，令人不快的）unfavorable（not encouraging or approving or pleasing不宜的；令人不快的；）。
同根词：distaste-distasteful-distastefully-distastefulness/distaste，
其中，两个名词的区别在于：distaste：a feeling that something or someone is unpleasant or morally offensive不喜欢，厌恶，反感；distastefulness：extreme unpalatability to the mouth口味差（常用法）
judge for yourself：你自己来判断
未完待续
感谢阅读
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