美文网首页英语洪荒
洋话英诗 (1)丨《雪夜林边》

洋话英诗 (1)丨《雪夜林边》

作者: 梁洋Earnest | 来源:发表于2017-05-31 16:46 被阅读0次
    读诗,远行.jpg

    “人生不止眼前的苟且,还有诗与远方。”

    诗,未必是读不懂的诗。远方,未必是到不了的远方。

    诗,源于生活,无事不成诗,无处不是诗。诗,又高于生活,能诗意栖居者寥寥。

    所以,笔者打算从这期开始读诗,帮助读者发现语言之美,顺便提高语言能力。您若喜欢,那就听听。不喜,绕道便是。

    下面,我们来读这首诗:Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening


    Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
    By Robert Frost

    Whose woods these are I think I know.
    His house is in the village though;
    He will not see me stopping here
    To watch his woods fill up with snow.

    My little horse must think it queer
    To stop without a farmhouse near
    Between the woods and frozen lake
    The darkest evening of the year.

    He gives his harness bells a shake
    To ask if there is some mistake.
    The only other sound's the sweep
    Of easy wind and downy flake.

    The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
    But I have promises to keep,
    And miles to go before I sleep,
    And miles to go before I sleep.

    《雪夜林边》.jpg

    雪夜林畔小驻

    余光中

    想来我认识这座森林,
    林主的庄宅就在邻村,
    却不会见我在此驻马,
    看他林中积雪的美景。

    我的小马一定颇惊讶:
    四望不见有什么农家,
    偏是一年最暗的黄昏,
    寒林和冰湖之间停下。

    它摇一摇身上的串铃,
    问我这地方该不该停。
    此外只有轻风拂雪片,
    再也听不见其他声音。

    森林又暗又深真可羡,
    但我还要守一些诺言,
    还要赶多少路才安眠,
    还要赶多少路才安眠。


    【词 汇】

    • woods: an area of land, smaller than a forest 树林

    • snowy: (of weather) characterized by snowfall 多雪的

    • queer: strange; odd 奇怪的

    • harness: a set of leather bands used to control a horse or to attach it to a vehicle it is pulling (马的) 挽具

    • sweep: a long, swift, curving movement 一阵…… (掠过)

    • downy: soft and fluffy 轻柔的

    • flake: a snowflake 雪花;雪片

    注:downy flake这种用法仅限于诗歌中使用。


    【解 析】

    1.
    Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (By Robert Frost)

    该诗的题目需要注意两个介词:
    ① by: past and beyond通过; 经过
    ② on: 后接具体的时间,如on Monday evening (在周一晚上),on a snowy evening (在一个雪夜) 。

    关于作者——罗伯特·弗罗斯特

    罗伯特·弗罗斯特.jpg

    Robert Frost (1874-1963) 是美国最著名的诗人之一。他的诗曾四次获得Pulitzer奖。Frost的许多诗是描写乡下农村生活的。他的诗也以富有哲理而著名。他曾说过:他的梦想是要写出“几首很难被人抛弃的诗”。Frost的最著名的诗包括:《摘苹果之后》《补墙》《没有走过的路》《雪夜林边小驻》。最后这一首是美国学校中最常研读的诗之一。[1]


    [1] Beckerman, H.,王维东等.走遍美国:全新版.下册[M]. 北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004:135


    2.
    Whose woods these are I think I know.
    His house is in the village though;
    He will not see me stopping here
    To watch his woods fill up with snow.

    途经友人林地.jpg

    第一小节,写主人公风雪兼程,却突然路过友人林地,思绪万千。

    需要分别加以注意的是:
    ① 押韵:know与though两词以及snow词尾音素相同,所以押的是 [əʊ] 的尾韵。
    ② 倒装:Whose woods these are I think I know. 其正常语序是:I think I know whose woods these are.

    但为了寻求韵脚,不得不调整句子结构,好处在于强化了诗中人物情感,即主人公牵着马在故人林边停留,本想上门拜访,却苦于行程吃紧,最终不得不作罢。这种无奈溢于言表。

    句型:stop to do sth. 停下来做另一件事,文中是指主人公停止赶路,转而在林边驻足。


    3.
    My little horse must think it queer
    To stop without a farmhouse near
    Between the woods and frozen lake
    The darkest evening of the year.

    frozen lake.jpg

    该小节的亮点在拟人 (Personification) 修辞。

    作者赋予马儿以人的形象,揣摩着主人在树林驻留的这一奇怪举动,让人印象深刻。这也正好是对上一段情节的补充。

    Between the woods and frozen lake / The darkest evening of the year.

    介词between置于句首,句子倒装,仍是出于尾韵的考虑。queer, near, year三词均押了 [ɪr] 的韵脚。

    此外,“the darkest evening of the year”也透露出故事发生背景:隆冬深夜时分。


    4.
    He gives his harness bells a shake
    To ask if there is some mistake.
    The only other sound's the sweep
    Of easy wind and downy flake.

    downy flake.jpg

    第三小节依然以马儿视角展开,说马儿不解主人风情,摇铃示意主人不要犯傻,继续前行。

    此时,林中微风习习,雪花飘落,十分静谧。这种静,反而更能衬出主人公内心的动(思之久,情之切)。

    后两句要注意语序,原句是:The only other sound’s the sweep / Of easy wind and downy flake.

    显然,the sweep后应紧跟of easy wind and downy flake才是完整的名词组,但为了句子平衡(长度相似),便将介词和两个并列名词置于最后。但朗读时,出于句子完整性考虑,建议将sweep与of连读。


    5.
    The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
    But I have promises to keep,
    And miles to go before I sleep,
    And miles to go before I sleep.

    miles to go.jpg

    最后一小节,是陷入“回忆杀”的主人公转过神来,认清现实,决意继续赶路。

    修辞上,请再次注意尾韵 (Rhyme) 这种修辞,四句句末都押的是 [ip] 的韵脚。

    同时,反复 (Repetition) 修辞的运用恰到好处,是画龙点睛之笔,不仅增强了句子的气势,还突出了人物内心的矛盾与无奈。很多人认为该句蕴含哲理,其实是一种类似“革命尚未成功,同志仍需努力”或任重而道远的感慨。

    扫码,为您读诗.jpg

    相关文章

      网友评论

        本文标题:洋话英诗 (1)丨《雪夜林边》

        本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/tmdjfxtx.html