C8 T1 P31
Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
根据考官在剑桥系列书籍中所给出的范文分析，一般说来此类 Discuss both and give your own opinion 的提问共有3种回答方式：
1) 若是自己观点与正反方中某一方一致，则在段落安排时先讨论不赞同的一方，进行论述和反驳，后提出赞同一方的看法和理由，最后点明自己的观点。
2) 若自己观点是保持中立，也就是认为双方都有各自的道理可言，那么在主体段论证时只要分别帮双方给出理由，最后提出自己的看法即可。
3) 若自己观点是完全不同于双方中的任何一方，则在讨论时对双方看法阐述之后都分别加入反驳成分，最后亮出自己的看法。
下面考官范文，按照上述的第 2) 种方式进行了论证：
A child’s education has never been about learning information and basic skills only. It has always included teaching the next generation how to be good members of society. Therefore, this cannot be the responsibility of the parents alone.
背景介绍 + 表明观点，Therefore 这个词，把背景介绍和自己的观点紧密地连接起来。
In order to be a good member of any society the individual must respect and obey the rules of their community and share their values. (This is because) Educating children to understand the need to obey rules and respect others always begins in the home and is widely thought to be the responsibility of parents. (Therefore) They will certainly be the first to help children learn what is important in life, how they are expected to behave and what role they will play in their world.
本段并没有用大家熟知的连接词 firstly, secondly, for instance，但是整段的论证依然是浑然一体。上述灰色字体 This is because 和 Therefore 并非文中所有，而是为了让大家理解考官写作结构自行添加的。
However, learning to understand and share the value system of a whole society cannot be achieved just in the home. Once a child goes to school, they are entering a wider community where teachers and peers will have just as much influence as their parents do at home. At school, children will experience working and living with people from a whole variety of backgrounds from the wider society. (, which will) This experience should teach them how to co-operate with each other and how to contribute to the life of their community.
上段中的主旨句紧扣首段个人观点：this cannot be the responsibility of the parents alone. 即：家庭和学校在教育孩子成为社会好公民都扮演着重要角色!
But to be a valuable member of any community is not like learning a simple skill. It is something that an individual goes on learning throughout life and is the responsibility of every member of a society to take responsibility for helping the younger generation to become active and able members of that society.
C9 T3 P77
Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 考官范文: P167
对于含有绝对词的题目，我们通常的论证逻辑是：主体段1承认一方合理，主体段2进行反驳，并提出更好的措施，即运用开头讲过的3种回答方式的第 1) 种进行论证。
A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend. One possible solution is to provide more sports facilities to encourage a more active lifestyle.
因为题目中含有绝对词 best, 所以考官表明个人观点时没有走极端，认为增加运动设施是一个可行的办法。
Advocates of this believe that today’s sedentary lifestyle and stressful working conditions mean that physical activity is no longer part of either our work or our leisure time. If there were easy-to-reach local sports centres, we would be more likely to make exercise a regular part of our lives, rather than just collapsing in front of a screen every evening. The variety of sports that could be offered would cater for all ages, levels of fitness and interests: those with painful memories of PE at school might be happier in the swimming pool than on the football pitch.
If 引出假设的同时，提出可能性。If…it would be more likely to….rather than 结构值得模仿学习。
However, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit, not those who most need them (反驳). Physical activity could be encouraged relatively cheaply (措施1), for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local council has done. This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun, which develops a positive attitude to exercise at an early age.
As well as physical activity, high tax penalties (措施2) could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consumption of any of these contributes to poor health. Even improving public transport would help: it takes longer to walk to the bus stop than to the car.
In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. People should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle in general.
词汇积累：
Advocates of this believe that 支持者们认为…
collapsing in front of a screen 堕落于电脑屏幕前
cater for 适用于，满足…
be encouraged relatively cheaply 相对而言难以被鼓励
excessive consumption 过度消耗
too narrow an approach 不充分的方法
desired results 期望结局
同类型题目总结
C7 T1 P31
It is generally believed that some people are born with certain talents, for instance for sport or music, and others are not. However, it is sometimes claimed that any child can be taught to become a good sports person or musician. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （考官范文: P163）
C7 T1 P54
Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （书中提供7.5分参考文章）
C10 T2 P55
Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.（书中无考官参考范文）
C11 T3 P78
Some people say that the only reason for learning a foreign language is in order to travel to work in a foreign country. Others say that these are not the only reasons why someone should learn a foreign language. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.（书中提供7分参考文章）
C11 T4 P101
Many governments think that economic progress is their most important goal. Some people, however, think that other types of progress are equally important for a country. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.（书中无考官参考范文）
C12 T5 P28
Some people believe that it is good to share as much information as possible in scientific research, business and the academic world. Others believe that some information is too important or too valuable to be shared freely. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （书中提供6分参考文章）
C12 T7 P72
In a number of countries, some people think it is necessary to spend large sums of money on constructing new railway lines for very fast trains between cities. Others believe the money should be spent on improving existing public transport. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.（书中提供7.5分参考文章）
C12 T8 P93
Some people believe that allowing children to make their own choices on everyday matters (such as food, clothes and entertainment) is likely to result in a society of individuals who only think about their own wishes. Other people believe that it is important for children to make decisions about matters that affect them. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.（书中无考官参考范文）
C13 T3 P74
Some people say History is one of the most important school subjects. Other people think that, in today’s world, subjects like Science and Technology are more important than History. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. （书中提供6分参考文章）
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