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View 绘制体系知识梳理(6) - 绘制过程之 request

View 绘制体系知识梳理(6) - 绘制过程之 request

作者: 泽毛 | 来源:发表于2017-02-28 21:06 被阅读173次

    一、概述

    经过前面三篇文章的分析:

    对于绘制的整个分发过程已经有了一个大致的了解,我们可以发现一个规律,无论是测量、布局还是绘制,对于任何一个View/Group来说,它都是一个至上而下的递归事件调用,直到到达整个View树的叶节点为止。
    下面,我们来分析几个平时常用的方法:

    • requestLayout
    • invalidate
    • postInvalidate

    二、requestLayout

    requestLayout是在View中定义的,并且在ViewGroup中没有重写该方法,它的注释是这样解释的:在需要刷新View的布局时调用这个函数,它会安排一个布局的传递。我们不应该在布局的过程中(isInLayout())调用这个函数,如果当前正在布局,那么这一请求有可能在以下时刻被执行:当前布局结束、当前帧被绘制完或者下次布局发生时。

        /**
         * Call this when something has changed which has invalidated the
         * layout of this view. This will schedule a layout pass of the view
         * tree. This should not be called while the view hierarchy is currently in a layout
         * pass ({@link #isInLayout()}. If layout is happening, the request may be honored at the
         * end of the current layout pass (and then layout will run again) or after the current
         * frame is drawn and the next layout occurs.
         *
         * <p>Subclasses which override this method should call the superclass method to
         * handle possible request-during-layout errors correctly.</p>
         */
        @CallSuper
        public void requestLayout() {
            if (mMeasureCache != null) mMeasureCache.clear();
    
            if (mAttachInfo != null && mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout == null) {
                // Only trigger request-during-layout logic if this is the view requesting it,
                // not the views in its parent hierarchy
                ViewRootImpl viewRoot = getViewRootImpl();
                if (viewRoot != null && viewRoot.isInLayout()) {
                    if (!viewRoot.requestLayoutDuringLayout(this)) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
                mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout = this;
            }
    
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
    
            if (mParent != null && !mParent.isLayoutRequested()) {
                mParent.requestLayout();
            }
            if (mAttachInfo != null && mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout == this) {
                mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout = null;
            }
        }
    

    在上面的代码当中,设置了两个标志位:PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT/PFLAG_INVALIDATED,除此之外最关键的一句话是:

    protected ViewParent mParent;
    //....
    mParent.requestLayout();
    

    这个mParent存储的时候该View所对应的父节点,而当调用父节点的requestLayout()时,它又会调用它的父节点的requestLayout,就这样,以调用requestLayoutView为起始节点,一步步沿着View树传递上去,那么这个过程什么时候会终止呢?
    根据前面的分析,我们知道整个View树的根节点是DecorView,那么我们需要看一下DecorViewmParent变量是什么,回到ViewRootImplsetView方法当中,有这么一句:

    view.assignParent(this);
    

    因此,DecorView中的mParent就是ViewRootImpl,而ViewRootImpl中的mView就是DecorView,所以,这一传递过程的终点就是ViewRootImplrequestLayout方法:

        //ViewRootImpl中的requestLayout方法.
        @Override
        public void requestLayout() {
            if (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) {
                checkThread();
                mLayoutRequested = true;
                scheduleTraversals();
            }
        }
    
        void scheduleTraversals() {
            if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
                mTraversalScheduled = true;
                mTraversalBarrier = mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().postSyncBarrier();
                //该Runnable进行操作doTraversal.
                mChoreographer.postCallback(Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
                if (!mUnbufferedInputDispatch) {
                    scheduleConsumeBatchedInput();
                }
                notifyRendererOfFramePending();
                pokeDrawLockIfNeeded();
            }
        }
    
        final class TraversalRunnable implements Runnable {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                doTraversal();
            }
        }
    
        void doTraversal() {
            if (mTraversalScheduled) {
                mTraversalScheduled = false;
                mHandler.getLooper().getQueue().removeSyncBarrier(mTraversalBarrier);
    
                if (mProfile) {
                    Debug.startMethodTracing("ViewAncestor");
                }
                //这里最终会进行布局.
                performTraversals();
    
                if (mProfile) {
                    Debug.stopMethodTracing();
                    mProfile = false;
                }
            }
        }
    

    其中scheduleTraversals()中会执行一个mTraversalRunnable,该Runnable中最终会调用doTraversal,而doTraversal中执行的就是我们前面一直在谈到的performTraversals
    那么,前面我们分析过,performTraversalsmeasure方法会从根节点调用子节点的测量操作,并依次传递下去,那么是否所有的子View都有必要重新测量呢,这就需要我们在调用ViewrequestLayout是设置的标志位PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT来判断,在measure当中,调用onMeasure之前,会有这么一个判断条件:

    if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ||
                    widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
                    heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
        onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }
    

    这个标志位会在layout完成之后被恢复:

        public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
            if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
                onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
            }
            mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
            mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT;
        }
    

    在进行完layout之后,requestLayout()所引发的过程就此终止了,它不会调用draw,不会重新绘制任何视图包括该调用者本身。

    三、invalidate

    invalidate最终会调用到下面这个方法:

        void invalidateInternal(int l, int t, int r, int b, boolean invalidateCache,
                boolean fullInvalidate) {
            if (mGhostView != null) {
                mGhostView.invalidate(true);
                return;
            }
    
            if (skipInvalidate()) {
                return;
            }
    
            if ((mPrivateFlags & (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)) == (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)
                    || (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID)
                    || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != PFLAG_INVALIDATED
                    || (fullInvalidate && isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque)) {
                if (fullInvalidate) {
                    mLastIsOpaque = isOpaque();
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWN;
                }
    
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DIRTY;
    
                if (invalidateCache) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                }
    
                // Propagate the damage rectangle to the parent view.
                final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
                final ViewParent p = mParent;
                if (p != null && ai != null && l < r && t < b) {
                    final Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
                    damage.set(l, t, r, b);
                    p.invalidateChild(this, damage);
                }
    
                // Damage the entire projection receiver, if necessary.
                if (mBackground != null && mBackground.isProjected()) {
                    final View receiver = getProjectionReceiver();
                    if (receiver != null) {
                        receiver.damageInParent();
                    }
                }
    
                // Damage the entire IsolatedZVolume receiving this view's shadow.
                if (isHardwareAccelerated() && getZ() != 0) {
                    damageShadowReceiver();
                }
            }
        }
    

    其中,关键的一句是:

    p.invalidateChild(this, damage);
    

    在这里,p一定不为空并且它一定是一个ViewGroup,那么我们来看一下ViewGroup的这个方法:

    public final void invalidateChild(View child, final Rect dirty) {
        do {
            parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);
        } while (parent != null);
    }
    

    ViewGroup当中的invalidateChildInParent会根据传入的区域来决定自己的绘制区域,和requestLayout类似,最终会调用ViewRootImpl的该方法:

        @Override
        public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(int[] location, Rect dirty) {
            checkThread();
            if (DEBUG_DRAW) Log.v(TAG, "Invalidate child: " + dirty);
    
            if (dirty == null) {
                invalidate();
                return null;
            } else if (dirty.isEmpty() && !mIsAnimating) {
                return null;
            }
    
            if (mCurScrollY != 0 || mTranslator != null) {
                mTempRect.set(dirty);
                dirty = mTempRect;
                if (mCurScrollY != 0) {
                    dirty.offset(0, -mCurScrollY);
                }
                if (mTranslator != null) {
                    mTranslator.translateRectInAppWindowToScreen(dirty);
                }
                if (mAttachInfo.mScalingRequired) {
                    dirty.inset(-1, -1);
                }
            }
            invalidateRectOnScreen(dirty);
            return null;
        }
    

    这其中又会调用invalidate

        void invalidate() {
            mDirty.set(0, 0, mWidth, mHeight);
            if (!mWillDrawSoon) {
                scheduleTraversals();
            }
        }
    

    这里,最终又会走到前面说的performTraversals()方法,请求重绘View树,即draw()过程,假如视图发生大小没有变化就不会调用layout()过程,并且只绘制那些需要重绘的视图。

    三、其它知识点

    • invalidate,请求重新draw,只会绘制调用者本身。
    • setSelection,同上。
    • setVisibility:当ViewINVISIBLE变为VISIBILE,会间接调用invalidate方法,继而绘制该View,而从INVISIBLE/VISIBLE变为GONE之后,由于View树的大小发生了变化,会进行measure/layout/draw,同样,他只会绘制需要重绘的视图。
    • setEnable:请求重新draw,只会绘制调用者本身。
    • requestFocus:请求重新draw,只会绘制需要重绘的视图。

    四、参考文献

    1.http://blog.csdn.net/yanbober/article/details/46128379/
    2.http://blog.csdn.net/a553181867/article/details/51583060

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