12.0-Errors of Reaction
反应错误
The errors of reaction, which occur after we have expressed our ideas and others have criticized or challenged them.
- 反应错误，是【我们表达了自己的观点，其他人对这观点提出批评和质疑】之后发生的。
What causes us to commit errors of raction? Perhaps the best general answer to this question was offered many years ago by Rowland W.Jepson in a book he wrote on the subject of thinking:
- 是什么导致我们做出反应错误？
- 或许对这个问题最好的一般性答案是，许多年前罗兰·w·杰普森(Rowland W. Jepson)在他写的一本关于思考的书中给出的：
When we have once adopted an opinion, our pride makes us loth ot admit that we are wrong."
- 一旦我们接受了一个观点，我们的骄傲使我们不愿意承认我们错了
When objections are made to our views, we are more concerned with discovering how to combat them than how much truth or sound sense there may be in them;
- 当我们的观点遭到反对意见的时候，我们更关心的如何反抗它们，而不是它们中有多少是真实的或合理的
we are at pains rather to find fresh support for our own views, then to face frankly any new facts that appear to contradict them.
- 我们宁愿努力为我们的观点去寻找新的支持，也不愿意坦率的面对任何【似乎与之相矛盾的】新事实。
We all know how easy it is to become annoyed at the suggestion that we have make a mistake; that our first feeling is that we would rather do anything than admit it, and our first thought is "How can I explain it away?"
- 我们都知道【别人在示意我们犯了错误的时候】有多么容易变得生气。
- 我们的第一感受是，我们宁愿做任何事情也不愿意承认它，我们的第一想法是“我该如何解释它？”。
This determination to explain away whatever does not flatter us our point of view refects our urge to save face and preserve our self-image.
- 远离解释【任何不奉承我们或我们的观点】的决心，反映了我们【想挽回面子和维护自我形象】的强烈愿望。
Each of us has a self-image, generally a favorable one.
- 我们每一个人都有一个自我形象，通常是好的一面。
We like to think of ourselves as wise, responsible, intelligent, observant, courageous, generous, considerate, and so on. We also want to others think of us this way.
- 我们喜欢认为我们是明智的、负责任的、聪明地、善于观察的、勇敢的、慷慨的、体贴的，等等，我们总是也想其他人这样认为我们。
Our errors and personal failings have the power to undermine our reputation, so we are tempted to escape responsibility for them.
- 我们的错误和个人的失败有能力破坏我们的声誉，所以我们试图逃避责任。
Some people manage to resist the temptation to save face, but most of us fall victim to it from time to time.
- 有些人设法抵挡住了【挽回面子的】诱惑，但我们中的大多数人【时不时地】成为了它的牺牲品。
Similarly, people who believe they possess unusual self-control may deny that they are slaves to smoking or drinking and strain good sense in defending their habit.
- 同样的，相信自己拥有超凡控制力的人可能会否认他们是吸烟或饮酒的奴隶，并且在捍卫他们习惯时表现出良好的判断力。
For many individuals the need to save face centers on a particular role in their lives.
- 对很多个体来说，换回面子的需要体现在它们生活中的某个特定角色上。
For still others, it is neither the particular aspect of the image nor the role involved that triggers the face-saving reaction.
- 还有一些人，不是因为特定方面的形象也不是因为涉及的角色也会引起保存面子的反应。
To summarize, errors of reaction are face-saving devices we use to explain away criticism of our ideas.
- 总而言之，错误的反应是【我们用来为自己观点辩解的】面子保护手段。
网友评论