1、…and by building a international system that cost on those who choose conflict over cooperation …
翻译:通过建立一个国际体系,让那些选择冲突而非合作的人付出代价。
分析:"that "引导定语从句指代international system,在从句中做主语。"who "引导定语从句,指代人"those ",在从句中做主语。
2、there have been too many times when,collectively, we have fallen short of these ideas.
翻译:我们已经有太多次集体地未能实现这些想法。
分析:"have been "是现在完成时形式。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,过去的动作或状态持续到现在。其构成是主语+have/has +动词的过去分词。"when "代替"times "做状语,这里不能用"that "。
3、It is this international order that has underwritten unparalleled advances in human liberty and prosperity.
翻译:正是这种国际秩序保障了人类自由和繁衍的空前进步。
分析:"it is……that "引导的强调句,被强调部分是"this international order "主语。去掉"it is 、that "后,句子仍然完整。强调句结构为It is (was) +被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。
4、That is the idea that this body,at its best,has pursued.
翻译:这就是这个身体,在这个最好的,一直追求的想法。
分析:the idea that同位语从句 ,at its best,插入语。
5、It is these international principles that helped constrainbigger countries from imposing our will on smaller ones.
翻译:正是这些国际准则帮助了更大的国家对较小的加强我们的意愿。
分析:principles为主语 ,helped为谓语,整句话为同位语 It is..... that......是标志。
6、On this basis , we see some major powers assert themselvesin ways that contravene international law.
翻译:在此基础上,我们看到一些大国以违反国际法的方式维护自己。
分析:此句是定语从句,that引导整个从句 some major powers aasert themselves为主语,contravene作谓语 。
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