As time goes by, China has been changed a lot since the initiation of reform and opening in late period of 1978. For example, during 1978 to 2017, Chinese population has been growing, and so does the urban population.
(1-1 Chinese Population)
As you can see from the figure above, Chinese population and urban population have been growth a lot, especially when we enter the 21st century, Chinese urban population has been growing faster, and accounts more in national population.
(1-2 Urbanization Rate)
From the figure above we can know that, the urbanization rate in China have reached 58.52% in 2017, which was 17.92% in 1978, totally increases 40.6% for nearly 40 years.. How a great change!
Maybe it’s a little hard to figure out on this chart, how about this one? It’s a chart about the growth rate of urbanization.
(1-3 Growth Rate)
According to the figure above, the growth rate of urbanization is uneven, sometimes it reach very high place, like 5.33% in 2000, and sometimes is a negative number like -0.6% in 1980.
Although there are some high peaks even negative values in the chart, and after detailed analysis, I divide the urbanization process into three parts.
1) 1978-1985, the start of urbanization. During this time, China had just begun to implement reform and opening up, the growth rate of urbanization had been increased and had a peak.
2) 1986-1999, the slowly growth of urbanization. During this time, the urbanization rate had been growth slowly, which just added about 10% for 15 years.
3) Since the 21st century. During this time, the urbanization rate has been growth a lot, urban people is more than half and the growth rate has two very high peaks, which are in 2000 and in 2011.
Then I have a confuse, what factor causes this?
According to my understanding, the Chinese economy has been development since the initiation of reform and opening in late period of 1978, and the growth rate of urbanization should keep increasing, but not in reality.
During 1986 to 1999, although the growth rate of urbanization still is a positive number, it growing slowly, almost is a dead state. Chinese industry is growing rapidly during this time, so I find some information about Chinese industry in the internet (At first I want to find some data, but I find nothing).
After researching, I find that although Chinese industry has growth a lot, during 1986 to 1999, labor intensive industry grew fast this time, which means need much people. So many factories were built in village. And it needs time for a city’s formation, therefore when we enter t 21st century, a large urbanization population appears, which also gives a explain to the peak in 2000 on figure 1-3.
So we can have a more detailed conclusion.
1) 1978-1985, the start of urbanization. During this time, China had just begun to implement reform and opening up, which first started in village. So many people left their village and went to urban for work. The growth rate of urbanization had been increased and had a peak.
2) 1986-1999, the slowly growth of urbanization. During this time, the urbanization rate had been growth slowly, which just added about 10% for 15 years. That is because labor intensive industry grew fast this time, many factories were built in village and less movement of people.
3) Since the 21st century. During this time, with the development of science technology and internet, the urbanization rate has been growth a lot, urban people is more than half and the growth rate has two very high peaks, which are in 2000 and in 2011.
Confuse:
1. It’s really hard for me to find some appropriate data, although there is a lot of databases, sometimes I want to find other data link to my analysis, and I have to check in the internet.
2. Although I had been taught many software about data visualization, and of course there are many beautiful feature about data visualization inside, this project I made in excel, and I think it’s enough. Therefore sometimes what we need to do is to find out the best way to explain our data, rather than only seeking magnificence.
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