目录
- 0.问题导入
- 1.示例数据
- 2.导入示例数据
- 3.绘图数据框（data.frame）构建
- 4.Barplot绘制并添加Errorbar（图1）
- 5.Barplot中Errorbar重合Debug（图2）
- 6.绘制有置信区间的Lineplot
- 7.将Barplot 与Lineplot 合并
- 8.总结
- 9.本篇所使用的软件包（没有的需要用install.packages('')进行安装）
- 10.致谢
0. 问题导入
之前有讲过如何在Barplot 中添加Errorbar, 但是示例只列举了单列Bar的绘图方式，那么并列的多个Barplot如何绘制Errorbar图呢？
此外，我们在处理过程中可能会面临如总GDP与人均GDP，或是总样本指标与人均指标在同一幅图中分别通过Barplot 与Lineplot进行分别展示？如何操作呢？
本篇给出以上两个问题的解决方案～
1. 示例数据
感谢西安交大刘博士提供的示例数据
点我下载示例数据
2. 导入示例数据
本步完成数据导入及总量(Number)与人均(Rate)的分组
setwd('/Users/jerseyshen/Documents/JianShu_Project/20200110')
files = list.files(pattern = '.csv$')
data = read.csv(files,header = T)
colnames(data) = c('measure','gender','age','type',
'val','upper','lower')
data = as.data.frame(data)
g1 = which(data$type == 'Number')
g2 = which(data$type == 'Rate')
pl_df1 = data[g1,]
pl_df2 = data[g2,]
3. 绘图数据框（data.frame）构建
本步完成总量数据框pl_df1与pl_df2的融合，至此完成绘图前的数据预处理。
pl_df1$age_id = rep(1:16,each = 2)
pl_df1$Rate = pl_df2$val
pl_df1$Rate_u = pl_df2$upper
pl_df1$Rate_l = pl_df2$lower
4.Barplot绘制并添加Errorbar（图1）
根据图1，我们可以看到两种类型的Errorbar居中重合了？这咋整？小编尝试过调试position，然并卵！那么如何De这个Bug，就接着往下看吧，一个参数搞定～
p1 = ggplot()+
geom_bar(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id, y = val, fill = gender),
position = 'dodge',stat = 'identity',width = 0.5)+
geom_errorbar(data = pl_df1, aes(x = age_id, ymin = lower,ymax = upper),
width = 0.4,
linetype = 'solid',
position = position_dodge(0.5),color = 'black',size = 0.6)+
scale_x_continuous(breaks = unique(pl_df1$age_id),labels = unique(pl_df1$age))+
scale_color_lancet()+
scale_fill_lancet()+
theme_bw()+
theme(
axis.text.x = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,angle = 45,vjust = 0.5),
axis.text.y = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 14, hjust = .5),
legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
legend.title = element_blank(),
legend.position = 'bottom',
legend.direction = 'horizontal'
)+
xlab('Age')+
ylab("Total")
png('plot1.png',
height = 20,
width = 20,
units = 'cm',
res = 800)
print(p1)
dev.off()
图1 Barplot绘制并添加Errorbar
5.Barplot中Errorbar重合Debug（图2）
是的，就是添加一行group = gender，成功Debug。
p2 = ggplot()+
geom_bar(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id, y = val/1600, fill = gender),
position = 'dodge',stat = 'identity',width = 0.5)+
geom_errorbar(data = pl_df1, aes(x = age_id, ymin = lower/1600,ymax = upper/1600),
width = 0.4,
linetype = 'solid',
position = position_dodge(0.5),color = 'black',size = 0.6)+
scale_x_continuous(breaks = unique(pl_df1$age_id),labels = unique(pl_df1$age))+
scale_color_lancet()+
scale_fill_lancet()+
theme_bw()+
theme(
axis.text.x = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,angle = 45,vjust = 0.5),
axis.text.y = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 14, hjust = .5),
legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
legend.title = element_blank(),
legend.position = 'bottom',
legend.direction = 'horizontal'
)+
xlab('Age')+
ylab("Total")
png('plot2.png',
height = 20,
width = 20,
units = 'cm',
res = 800)
print(p2)
dev.off()
图2 Barplot中Errorbar重合Debug
至此，本篇第一个小目标成功实现～
～来瓶快乐水happy一下吧～
接下来，我们将实现barplot与lineplot的实现
6. 绘制有置信区间的Lineplot
p3 = ggplot()+
geom_line(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id,y = Rate,color = gender),size = 1)+
geom_ribbon(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id,ymax = Rate_u, ymin = Rate_l,fill = gender),
alpha = 0.2)+
scale_x_continuous(breaks = unique(pl_df1$age_id),labels = unique(pl_df1$age))+
scale_color_lancet()+
scale_fill_lancet()+
theme_bw()+
theme(
axis.text.x = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,angle = 45,vjust = 0.5),
axis.text.y = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 14, hjust = .5),
legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
legend.title = element_blank(),
legend.position = 'bottom',
legend.direction = 'horizontal'
)+
xlab('Age')+
ylab('Total')
png('plot3.png',
height = 20,
width = 20,
units = 'cm',
res = 800)
print(p3)
dev.off()
图3 绘制有置信区间的Lineplot
7. 将Barplot 与Lineplot 合并
p4 = ggplot()+
geom_bar(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id, y = val/1600, fill = gender),
position = 'dodge',stat = 'identity',width = 0.5,alpha = 0.8)+
geom_errorbar(data = pl_df1, aes(x = age_id, ymin = lower/1600,ymax = upper/1600),
width = 0.4,
linetype = 'solid',
position = position_dodge(0.5),color = 'black',size = 0.6)+
geom_line(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id,y = Rate,color = gender),size = 1)+
geom_ribbon(data = pl_df1,aes(x = age_id,ymax = Rate_u, ymin = Rate_l,fill = gender),
alpha = 0.2)+
scale_x_continuous(breaks = unique(pl_df1$age_id),labels = unique(pl_df1$age))+
scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(250,500,750,1000,1250,1500),name = 'Total',
labels = format(as.character(c(250,500,750,1000,1250,1500)*1600),scientific = F),
sec.axis = sec_axis( ~. +0, breaks = seq(200,900,100),name = "Rate"))+
scale_color_lancet()+
scale_fill_lancet()+
theme_bw()+
theme(
axis.text.x = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12,angle = 45,vjust = 0.5),
axis.text.y = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
axis.title = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 14, hjust = .5),
legend.text = element_text(face = 'bold',color = 'black',size = 12),
legend.title = element_blank(),
legend.position = 'bottom',
legend.direction = 'horizontal'
)+
xlab('Age')
png('plot4.png',
height = 20,
width = 20,
units = 'cm',
res = 800)
print(p4)
dev.off()
图4 将Barplot 与Lineplot 合并
8. 总结
本篇主要解决了以下几个问题：
- 如何解决并列Barplot中Errorline 重叠的问题？
- 如何绘制带有置信区间的lineplot？
- 如何将Barplot 与Lineplot 叠加绘制？
9. 本篇所使用的软件包（没有的需要用install.packages('')进行安装）
library(ggsci)
library(reshape2)
library(ggplot2)
10. 致谢
首先，感谢大家的持续关注，小编会继续努力，持续更新下去的！
大家如果觉得有帮助啊，还麻烦大家关注点赞，也可以扩散到朋友圈，多多引导朋友加入咱们这个简书技术平台, 代码共享推动科研进程, 多谢大家啦～
大家如果在使用本代码的过程有遇到问题的，可以留言评论，也可以私信我哈~~
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