UIView 动画 (整理笔记)

作者: 果哥爸 | 来源:发表于2017-01-07 16:47 被阅读199次

    说明:此文仅为笔记,是本人根据参考他人自己总结的一些东西,查阅原文请戳这里:
    iOS动画篇:UIView动画

    弹珠.jpg

    一、简介:

    UIView 动画实质是对Core Animation的封装,提供简洁的动画接口:

    UIView动画可以设置动画的属性有:

    • 大小变化 (frame)
    • 拉伸变化 (bounds)
    • 中心位置 (center)
    • 旋转 (transform)
    • 透明度 (alpha)
    • 背景色 (backgroundColor)
    • 拉伸内容 (contentStretch)

    二:具体方法:

    1.动画开始和结束方法:

    A.动画开始标记:

        // 第一个参数: 动画标识
        // 第二个参数: 附加参数,在设置代理情况下,此参数将发送到setAnimationWillStartSelector和setAnimationDidStopSelector所指定的方法,大部分情况,设置为nil.
        [UIView beginAnimations:(nullable NSString *) context:(nullable void *)];
    

    B.结束动画标记:

        [UIView commitAnimations];
    
    ####2.动画参数的设置方法:
    
        //动画持续时间
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:(NSTimeInterval)];
    
    //动画的代理对象 
    [UIView setAnimationDelegate:(nullable id)];
    
    
        //设置动画将开始时代理对象执行的SEL
        [UIView setAnimationWillStartSelector:(nullable SEL)];
    
    //设置动画延迟执行的时间
    [UIView setAnimationDelay:(NSTimeInterval)];
    
    
            //设置动画的重复次数
        [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:(float)];
    
    //设置动画的曲线
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:(UIViewAnimationCurve)];
    UIViewAnimationCurve的枚举值如下:
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut,         // 慢进慢出(默认值)
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn,            // 慢进
    UIViewAnimationCurveEaseOut,           // 慢出
    UIViewAnimationCurveLinear             // 匀速
    
    
        //设置是否从当前状态开始播放动画
        [UIView setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES];
        假设上一个动画正在播放,且尚未播放完毕,我们将要进行一个新的动画:
        当为YES时:动画将从上一个动画所在的状态开始播放
        当为NO时:动画将从上一个动画所指定的最终状态开始播放(此时上一个动画马上结束)
    
    //设置动画是否继续执行相反的动画
    [UIView setAnimationRepeatAutoreverses:(BOOL)];   
    
    
        //是否禁用动画效果(对象属性依然会被改变,只是没有动画效果)
        [UIView setAnimationsEnabled:(BOOL)];
    
    //设置视图的过渡效果
    [UIView setAnimationTransition:(UIViewAnimationTransition) forView:(nonnull UIView *) cache:(BOOL)];
     第一个参数:UIViewAnimationTransition的枚举值如下
         UIViewAnimationTransitionNone,              //不使用动画
         UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft,      //从左向右旋转翻页
         UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromRight,     //从右向左旋转翻页
         UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp,            //从下往上卷曲翻页
         UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlDown,          //从上往下卷曲翻页
     第二个参数:需要过渡效果的View
     第三个参数:是否使用视图缓存,YES:视图在开始和结束时渲染一次;NO:视图在每一帧都渲染
    
    ####3.实例代码:
    A.初始化代码:
    
    #import "ViewController.h"
    
    @interface ViewController ()
    // 积分 view
    @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *integralView;
    // 卡券 view
    @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *cartCenterView;
    // 签到 view
    @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *signInView;
    @end
    
        @implementation ViewController
    
        #pragma mark --- life circle
    
        - (void)viewDidLoad {
        
            [super viewDidLoad];
        
            [self.view addSubview:self.signInView];
        
            [self.view addSubview:self.cartCenterView];
        
            [self.view addSubview:self.integralView];
        
            self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
        
        }
    
    #pragma mark --- getter and setter
    // 签到 view
    - (UIImageView *)signInView {
        if (!_signInView) {
            CGFloat signInViewX = 60;
            CGFloat signInViewY = 120;
            CGFloat signInViewWidth = self.view.frame.size.width - (2 * signInViewX);
            CGFloat signInViewHeight = 100.0f;
       
            _signInView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(signInViewX, signInViewY, signInViewWidth, signInViewHeight)];
            _signInView.clipsToBounds = YES;
            _signInView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;
            _signInView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"default_user_icon.png"];
        }
        return _signInView;
    }
    
    // 卡券 view
    - (UIImageView *)cartCenterView {
        if (!_cartCenterView) {
        
            CGFloat cartCenterViewX = CGRectGetMinX(self.signInView.frame);
            CGFloat cartCenterViewY = CGRectGetMaxY(self.signInView.frame) + 10;
            CGFloat cartCenterViewWidth = self.signInView.frame.size.width/2.0;
            CGFloat cartCenterViewHeight = 60.0f;
     
            _cartCenterView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(cartCenterViewX, cartCenterViewY, cartCenterViewWidth, cartCenterViewHeight)];
            _cartCenterView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;
            _cartCenterView.clipsToBounds = YES;
        _cartCenterView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_gouwuche.png"];
        }
        return _cartCenterView;
    }
    
    // 积分
    - (UIImageView *)integralView {
        if (!_integralView) {
            CGFloat integralViewX = CGRectGetMaxX(self.cartCenterView.frame);
            CGFloat integralViewY = CGRectGetMinY(self.cartCenterView.frame);
            CGFloat integralViewWidth = self.signInView.frame.size.width/2.0;
            CGFloat integralViewHeight = self.cartCenterView.frame.size.height;
        
            _integralView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(integralViewX, integralViewY, integralViewWidth, integralViewHeight)];
            _integralView.clipsToBounds = YES;
        _integralView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill;
            _integralView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"home_dingdan.png"];
        }
        return _integralView;
    }
    

    B.属性变化动画(以frame变化为例子):

    // 改变 frame
    - (void)changeFrame {
        [UIView beginAnimations:@"FrameAni" context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0];
        [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self];
        [UIView setAnimationWillStartSelector:@selector(startAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(stopAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:1.0];
        [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];
        self.cartCenterView.frame = self.signInView.frame;
        [UIView commitAnimations];
    }
    
    // 开始 动画
    - (void)startAni:(NSString *)aniId {
        NSLog(@"%@ start",aniId);
    }
    
    // 结束 动画
    - (void)stopAni:(NSString *)aniId {
        NSLog(@"%@ stop",aniId);
    }
    

    效果图:

    UIViewChangeFrame.gif

    C.转场动画效果(以Flip和curUp效果为例)

    // 转成动画 (flip)
    - (void)filpAnimation {
        [UIView beginAnimations:@"FlipAnimation" context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:2.0];
        [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self];
        [UIView setAnimationWillStartSelector:@selector(startAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(stopAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:1.0];
        [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];
        [UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionFlipFromLeft forView:self.signInView cache:YES];
        self.signInView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"serviceActivity.png"];
        [UIView commitAnimations];
    }
    

    效果图:

    UIViewFlipAnimation.gif
    // 转场动画 (curUp) (self.view)
    - (void)curUpControllerViewAnimation {
        [UIView beginAnimations:@"FlipAnimation" context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0];
        [UIView setAnimationDelegate:self];
        [UIView setAnimationWillStartSelector:@selector(startAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationDidStopSelector:@selector(stopAni:)];
        [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:1.0];
        [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseInOut];
        [UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp forView:self.view cache:YES];
        self.signInView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"serviceActivity.png"];
        [UIView commitAnimations];
    }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewCurUpAnimation.gif

    三.UIView Block 动画

    iOS4.0以后增加了Block动画块,提供了更简洁的方式来实现动画.

    1.Block动画方法

    A.最简洁的Block动画:包含时间和动画

    [UIView animateWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)  //动画持续时间
                  animations:^{
                  //执行的动画
     }];
    

    B.带有动画完成回调的Block动画

     [UIView animateWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)  //动画持续时间
                  animations:^{
                //执行的动画
     }                completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                //动画执行完毕后的操作
     }];
    

    C.可以设置延时时间和过渡效果的Block动画

    [UIView animateWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval) //动画持续时间
                       delay:(NSTimeInterval) //动画延迟执行的时间
                     options:(UIViewAnimationOptions) //动画的过渡效果
                  animations:^{
                   //执行的动画
     }                completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                   //动画执行完毕后的操作
     }];
    

    UIViewAnimationOptions的枚举值如下,可组合使用:

     UIViewAnimationOptionLayoutSubviews            //进行动画时布局子控件
     UIViewAnimationOptionAllowUserInteraction      //进行动画时允许用户交互
     UIViewAnimationOptionBeginFromCurrentState     //从当前状态开始动画
     UIViewAnimationOptionRepeat                    //无限重复执行动画
     UIViewAnimationOptionAutoreverse               //执行动画回路
     UIViewAnimationOptionOverrideInheritedDuration //忽略嵌套动画的执行时间设置
     UIViewAnimationOptionOverrideInheritedCurve    //忽略嵌套动画的曲线设置
     UIViewAnimationOptionAllowAnimatedContent      //转场:进行动画时重绘视图
     UIViewAnimationOptionShowHideTransitionViews   //转场:移除(添加和移除图层的)动画效果
     UIViewAnimationOptionOverrideInheritedOptions  //不继承父动画设置
    
     UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut            //时间曲线,慢进慢出(默认值)
     UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseIn               //时间曲线,慢进
     UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseOut              //时间曲线,慢出
     UIViewAnimationOptionCurveLinear               //时间曲线,匀速
    
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionNone            //转场,不使用动画
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromLeft    //转场,从左向右旋转翻页
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromRight   //转场,从右向左旋转翻页
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionCurlUp          //转场,下往上卷曲翻页
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionCurlDown        //转场,从上往下卷曲翻页
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionCrossDissolve   //转场,交叉消失和出现
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromTop     //转场,从上向下旋转翻页
     UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromBottom  //转场,从下向上旋转翻页
    

    D.Spring动画
    iOS7.0以后新增了Spring动画(iOS系统动画大部分采用Spring Animation, 适用所有可被添加动画效果的属性)

         [UIView anima
    teWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)//动画持续时间
                           delay:(NSTimeInterval)//动画延迟执行的时间
          usingSpringWithDamping:(CGFloat)//震动效果,范围0~1,数值越小震动效果越明显
           initialSpringVelocity:(CGFloat)//初始速度,数值越大初始速度越快
                         options:(UIViewAnimationOptions)//动画的过渡效果
                      animations:^{
                         //执行的动画
         }
                          completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                         //动画执行完毕后的操作
         }];
    

    E.Keyframes动画
    IOS7.0后新增了关键帧动画,支持属性关键帧,不支持路径关键帧

     [UIView animateKeyframesWithDuration:(NSTimeInterval)//动画持续时间
                                delay:(NSTimeInterval)//动画延迟执行的时间
                              options:(UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptions)//动画的过渡效果
                           animations:^{
                         //执行的关键帧动画
     }
                           completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                         //动画执行完毕后的操作
     }];
    

    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptions的枚举值如下,可组合使用:

    UIViewAnimationOptionLayoutSubviews           //进行动画时布局子控件
    UIViewAnimationOptionAllowUserInteraction     //进行动画时允许用户交互
    UIViewAnimationOptionBeginFromCurrentState    //从当前状态开始动画
    UIViewAnimationOptionRepeat                   //无限重复执行动画
    UIViewAnimationOptionAutoreverse              //执行动画回路
    UIViewAnimationOptionOverrideInheritedDuration //忽略嵌套动画的执行时间设置
    UIViewAnimationOptionOverrideInheritedOptions //不继承父动画设置
    
    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModeLinear     //运算模式 :连续
    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModeDiscrete   //运算模式 :离散
    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModePaced      //运算模式 :均匀执行
    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModeCubic      //运算模式 :平滑
    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModeCubicPaced //运算模式 :平滑均匀
    

    各种运算模式的直观比较如下图:


    UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptions效果对比图.png

    增加关键帧方法:

    [UIView addKeyframeWithRelativeStartTime:(double)//动画开始的时间(占总时间的比例)
                         relativeDuration:(double) //动画持续时间(占总时间的比例)
                               animations:^{
                             //执行的动画
     }];
    

    F.转场动画:
    a.从旧视图到新视图的动画效果

    [UIView transitionFromView:(nonnull UIView *)
                     toView:(nonnull UIView *)
                   duration:(NSTimeInterval)
                    options:(UIViewAnimationOptions)
                 completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                     //动画执行完毕后的操作
     }];
    

    在该动画过程中,fromView 会从父视图中移除,并将 toView 添加到父视图中,注意转场动画的作用对象是父视图(过渡效果体现在父视图上)。调用该方法相当于执行下面两句代码:

    [fromView.superview addSubview:toView];
    [fromView removeFromSuperview];
    

    b.单个视图的过渡效果

    [UIView transitionWithView:(nonnull UIView *)
                   duration:(NSTimeInterval)
                    options:(UIViewAnimationOptions)
                 animations:^{
                 //执行的动画
     }
                 completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                 //动画执行完毕后的操作
     }];
    

    2.实例代码:

    A.最简洁的Block动画:包含时间和动画:

     // 改变 frame (时间和动画)
    - (void)blockChangeFrame {
        [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
            self.cartCenterView.frame = self.signInView.frame;
        }];
    }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockChangeFrame.gif

    B.带有动画完成回调的Block动画

     // 改变 frame (时间、动画、完成回调)
    - (void)blockChangeFrameWithComplete {
        CGRect originalFrame = self.cartCenterView.frame;
        [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 animations:^{
             self.cartCenterView.frame = self.signInView.frame;
        }completion:^(BOOL finished) {
             self.cartCenterView.frame = originalFrame;
        }];
    }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockChangeFrameWithComplete.gif

    C.设置延时时间和过渡效果的Block动画

    // 改变 frame (时间、延迟时间、过渡动画、完成回调)
    - (void)blockChangeFrameWithDelayTimeAndComplete {
        CGRect originalFrame = self.cartCenterView.frame;
       [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 delay:1.0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut animations:^{
           self.cartCenterView.frame = self.signInView.frame;
       } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
           self.cartCenterView.frame = originalFrame;
       }];
    }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockChangeFrameWithDelayTimeAndComplete.gif

    D..Spring动画

        // 弹簧动画
        - (void)blockChangeFrameWithSpringAnimation {
            [UIView animateWithDuration:1.0 delay:0.5 usingSpringWithDamping:0.01 initialSpringVelocity:10.0f options:UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseInOut animations:^{
                self.cartCenterView.frame = self.signInView.frame;
            } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                self.cartCenterView.hidden = YES;
            }];
        }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockChangeFrameWithSpringAnimtion.gif

    E.Keyframes动画

        // 关键 帧 放大 动画
        - (void)blockAmplifyAnimation {
            self.signInView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;
            self.signInView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"serviceActivity.png"];
            [UIView animateKeyframesWithDuration:1.5 delay:0 options:UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionCalculationModeLinear animations:^{
                [UIView addKeyframeWithRelativeStartTime:0 relativeDuration:1/3.0 animations:^{
                    self.signInView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.5, 1.5);
                }];
            
                [UIView addKeyframeWithRelativeStartTime:1/3.0 relativeDuration:1/3.0 animations:^{
                    self.signInView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.8, 0.8);
                }];
            
                [UIView addKeyframeWithRelativeStartTime:2/3.0 relativeDuration:1/3.0 animations:^{
                    self.signInView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.0, 1.0);
                }];
    
            } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                NSLog(@"动画结束");
            }];
        }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockKeyframeAmplyAnimation.gif

    F.单个视图的转场动画

        // 转场 动画 单个 视图 过渡 效果
        - (void)blockTransitionWithSingleViewAnimation {
            [UIView transitionWithView:self.signInView duration:1.0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromLeft animations:^{
                self.signInView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"serviceActivity.png"];
            } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                NSLog(@"动画结束");
               self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
        }];
    }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockSingleTransitionAnimation.gif

    G.从旧视图到新视图的转场动画

        // 转场 动画 (旧视图 到 新 视图)
        - (void)blockTransitionFromViewToViewAnimation {
            UIImageView *tmpNewImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:self.signInView.frame];
            tmpNewImageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"serviceActivity.png"];
            [UIView transitionFromView:self.signInView toView:tmpNewImageView duration:1.0 options:UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionFlipFromLeft completion:^(BOOL finished) {
                 NSLog(@"动画结束");
                self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
            }];
        }
    

    效果图:


    UIViewBlockTransitionFromViewToViewAnimation.gif

    四.最后

    送上一张喜欢的图片:

    世界.jpg

    这是gitHub链接地址:UIViewAnimation,大家有兴趣可以看一下,如果觉得不错,麻烦给个喜欢或star,若发现问题请及时反馈,谢谢!

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