iOS 唤起第三方App

作者: OnePi | 来源:发表于2017-01-05 11:44 被阅读716次

    iOS 唤起第三方App

    iOS是一个封闭的系统,应用之间是不可以互相读取文件的。

    实现途径:
    URL Scheme是苹果为方便app之间互相调用而设计的。

    • 你可以通过一个类似URL的链接,通过系统的OpenURL来唤起该App,并可以传递一些参数。
    • 要求:每个URL必须能唯一标识一个App,如果你设置的URL与别的APP的URL冲突,此时,你的APP不一定会被调用起来。

    例如:下列常用URL Scheme

    //微信URLscheme
    @"weixin://app/%@/pay/?nonceStr=%@&package=Sign%%3DWXPay&partnerId=%@&prepayId=%@&timeStamp=%@&sign=%@&signType=SHA1"
    
    //高德地图
    @"iosamap://path?sourceApplication=ApplicationName&sid=BGVIS1&slat=%f&slon=%f&sname=当前位置&did=BGVIS2&dlat=%f&dlon=%f&dname=%@&dev=0&m=0&t=0"
    
    //百度地图
    @"baidumap://map/direction?origin=%f,%f&destination=latlng:%f,%f|name=%@&mode=driving&coord_type=gcj02"
    
    //腾讯地图
    @"qqmap://map/routeplan?from=当前位置&fromcoord=%f,%f&type=drive&tocoord=%f,%f&to=%@&coord_type=1&policy=0"
    
    
    
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]];  //唤起浏览器 打开网页
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"sms://158********"]];  //唤起发送信心功能
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"tel://158********"]];  //唤起拔打电话功能
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"mailto://362****@qq.com"]];  //唤起邮件功能
    


    实例教学: App1 唤起 App2
    创建两个app: App1唤起方 App2接收方

    APP2_接收方需要做的事情:

    (1)设置URL Scheme

    1. 第一种方法:info.plist

      • URL Schemes:唯一性

      • URL identifier:可以是任何值,但建议用“反域名”(例如 “com.fcplayer.testHello”)

        配置URL Schemes_infoplist.png
    1. 第二种方法: Target—>Info—>URL Types

      • URL Schemes:唯一性

      • identifier:可以是任何值,但建议用“反域名”(例如 “com.fcplayer.testHello”)

        配置URL Schemes_info.png

    (2) 在AppDelegate.m里面增加回调方法

    #pragma mark --回调方法
    /// iOS 9.0+
    - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)app openURL:(NSURL *)url options:(NSDictionary<UIApplicationOpenURLOptionsKey,id> *)options
    {
        // Keys for application:openURL:options:
        UIApplicationOpenURLOptionsSourceApplicationKey // value is an NSString containing the bundle ID of the originating application
        UIApplicationOpenURLOptionsAnnotationKey // value is a property-list typed object corresponding to what the originating application passed in UIDocumentInteractionController's annotation property
        UIApplicationOpenURLOptionsOpenInPlaceKey  // value is a bool NSNumber, set to YES if the file needs to be copied before use
    
    }
    
    
    /// iOS 2.0–9.0
    - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application handleOpenURL:(NSURL *)url
    {
        NSLog(@"URL scheme:%@", [url scheme]);
        NSLog(@"URL query: %@", [url query]);
    }
    
    
    /// iOS 4.2–9.0
    - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application openURL:(NSURL *)url sourceApplication:(NSString *)sourceApplication annotation:(id)annotation
    {
        //通过sourceApplication来判断来自哪个app以决定要不要唤醒自己的app
        if ([sourceApplication isEqualToString:@"Bundle identifier"])
        {
            NSLog(@"%@", sourceApplication);    //来源于哪个app(Bundle identifier)
            NSLog(@"scheme:%@", [url scheme]);  //url scheme
            NSLog(@"query: %@", [url query]);   //可以通过[url query]来获得查询串  (传递参数)
            return YES;
        }
        else{
            return NO;
        }
    }
    

    APP1_唤起方需要做的事情:

    1.唤起方法:

    唤起方直接在点击事件里调用唤起方法:

    /// 三个方法:
    
    /// iOS 3.0+
    - (BOOL)canOpenURL:(NSURL *)url;
    
    /// iOS 10.0+
    - (void)openURL:(NSURL *)url options:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)options completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL success))completion;
    
    /// iOS 2.0–10.0
    - (BOOL)openURL:(NSURL *)url;
    
    
    
    //e.g. 唤起第三方App
    - (void)evokeOtherApp {
        //app2是应用的唯一的scheme
        //scheme 必须是“app2://lanch” “weixin://app”类似的格式:
        NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"app2://lanch?key=param"];
    
        if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:url]) {
    
    
            if ([[UIApplication sharedApplication] respondsToSelector:@selector(openURL:options:completionHandler:)]) {
                //iOS 10.0+
                [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url options:@{} completionHandler:^(BOOL success) {
                }];
            }else{
                //iOS 2~10
                [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:url];
            }
        }
        else
        {
            //一般是没有安装
            NSLog(@"跳转下载app链接");
        }
    }
    

    2.sheme设置

    如果你是iOS 9.0以上的系统,有时候会报错:

    2017-01-05 11:06:24.343 APP1[235:48284] -canOpenURL: failed for URL: "app2://lanch?key=param" - error: "This app is not allowed to query for scheme app2"
    

    因为:iOS 9.0以上的系统需要在“Info.plist”中将要使用的URL Schemes列为白名单,才可正常检查唤起的第三方应用是否安装。受此影响,当你的应用在iOS 9中需要使用 QQ/QQ空间/支付宝/微信SDK 的相关能力时,需要在“Info.plist”里增加白名单:

    key>LSApplicationQueriesSchemes</key>
     <array>
        <!-- 微信 URL Scheme 白名单-->
        <string>wechat</string>
        <string>weixin</string>
    
        <!-- 新浪微博 URL Scheme 白名单-->
        <string>sinaweibohd</string>
        <string>sinaweibo</string>
        <string>sinaweibosso</string>
        <string>weibosdk</string>
        <string>weibosdk2.5</string>
    
        <!-- QQ、Qzone URL Scheme 白名单-->
        <string>mqqapi</string>
        <string>mqq</string>
        <string>mqqOpensdkSSoLogin</string>
        <string>mqqconnect</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkdataline</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkgrouptribeshare</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkfriend</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkapi</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkapiV2</string>
        <string>mqqopensdkapiV3</string>
        <string>mqzoneopensdk</string>
        <string>wtloginmqq</string>
        <string>wtloginmqq2</string>
        <string>mqqwpa</string>
        <string>mqzone</string>
        <string>mqzonev2</string>
        <string>mqzoneshare</string>
        <string>wtloginqzone</string>
        <string>mqzonewx</string>
        <string>mqzoneopensdkapiV2</string>
        <string>mqzoneopensdkapi19</string>
        <string>mqzoneopensdkapi</string>
        <string>mqzoneopensdk</string>
    
        <!-- 支付宝  URL Scheme 白名单-->
        <string>alipay</string>
        <string>alipayshare</string>
    
    </array>
    

    解决方案:

    (1)在Info.plist里,配置支持http协议:

        <key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
        <dict>
            <key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
            <true/>
        </dict>
    `
    

    (2)在Info.plist里,配置scheme到LSApplicationQueriesSchemes,也就是白名单:

    <key>LSApplicationQueriesSchemes</key>
        <array>
            <string>app2</string>
            <string>app3</string>
            <string>app4</string>
        </array>
    

    (3)延伸...?

    // 代码动态把key加入白名单(不可行)
                var info = Bundle.main.infoDictionary
                guard var array:[Any] = info?["LSApplicationQueriesSchemes"] as? [Any] else {return}
                array.append(iosKey)
                print(array)
                var info2 = Bundle.main.infoDictionary
                print(info2)
    
    跳转app_sheme设置.png

    3.没有安装的处理

    控制台输出错误:

    2017-01-05 11:22:30.741 APP1[252:51626] -canOpenURL: failed for URL: "app3://lanch?key=param" - error: "(null)"
    2017-01-05 11:22:30.746 APP1[252:51626] -canOpenURL: failed for URL: "app3://lanch?key=param" - error: "(null)"
    2017-01-05 11:22:30.746 APP1[252:51626] [[UIApplication sharedApplication] canOpenURL:url] = 0
    

    一般是没有安装App,可以跳转下载链接。

    Demo下载地址:
    链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kViBtS7 密码: kvid

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