饿了么UETool源码分析

作者: nick_young | 来源:发表于2018-07-03 18:15 被阅读225次

    1. 关于UETool

    第一次见到UETool是在掘金上面,看到介绍的时候反正我是被惊到了,原来还可以这么玩!迫不及待下载下来源码,准备好好看一波。这个框架的代码不多,原理很简单通过一个透明的Activity在上面将获取的Activity控件的边界通过Canvas绘制到View上,但是我觉得写框架的同学对Android的源码理解很深,有许多坑都避免了,一起学习一波吧!

    UETool

    2. UETool程序入口

    一般来说,拿到新的项目首先看工程目录,接着看各种Gradle文件,最后看运行Module的AndroidManifest文件,我们看下:

    AndroidManifest
    这里面的Application我们就不看了(没什么代码),还是先看下MainActivity吧:
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            
            // 开关控件
            final SwitchCompat control = findViewById(R.id.control);
            control.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
                @Override
                public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
                    if (isChecked) {
                        // 显示menu
                        if (!UETool.showUETMenu()) {
                            control.setChecked(false);
                        }
                    } else {
                        UETool.dismissUETMenu();
                    }
                }
            });
            control.setChecked(true);
            
            // 更新布局显示gif SpanText 等
            updateDraweeView();
            updateSpanTextView();
            updateCustomView();
        }
    

    很明显,最主要的就是显示Menu,通过Menu的代码可以知道,这是一个自定义的View,继承了LinearLayout。并且,其通过WindowManager添加到了Window上。这个先不用细看,看看其三个功能:

        /**
         * UETool.java
         * @param y 显示位置
         * @return 是否显示成功
         */
        private boolean showMenu(int y) {
            // Application.getApplicationContext() 通过反射获取ActivityThread的currentApplication对象 ① 反射
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
                if (!Settings.canDrawOverlays(Application.getApplicationContext())) {
                    requestPermission(Application.getApplicationContext());
                    Toast.makeText(Application.getApplicationContext(), "After grant this permission, re-enable UETool", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    return false;
                }
            }
            if (uetMenu == null) {
                uetMenu = new UETMenu(Application.getApplicationContext(), y);
            }
            uetMenu.show();
            return true;
        }
        // UETMenu.java
        public UETMenu(final Context context, int y) {
            ......
            subMenus.add(new UETSubMenu.SubMenu(resources.getString(R.string.uet_catch_view), R.drawable.uet_edit_attr, new OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    // 打开了一个透明的Activity
                    open(TransparentActivity.Type.TYPE_EDIT_ATTR);
                }
            }));
            ......
        }
        /**
         * UETMenu.java打开一个透明的Activity
         * @param type 类型
         */
        private void open(@TransparentActivity.Type int type) {
            // 通过反射,获取当前ActivityThread的mActivities保存的对象中显示的那个(即为topActivity)
            Activity currentTopActivity = Util.getCurrentActivity();
            if (currentTopActivity == null) {
                return;
            } else if (currentTopActivity.getClass() == TransparentActivity.class) {
                currentTopActivity.finish();
                return;
            }
            Intent intent = new Intent(currentTopActivity, TransparentActivity.class);
            intent.putExtra(TransparentActivity.EXTRA_TYPE, type);
            currentTopActivity.startActivity(intent);
            currentTopActivity.overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
            UETool.getInstance().setTargetActivity(currentTopActivity);
        }
    

    我们的菜单按钮,打开了一个透明的Activity,接下来的各种操作都是通过这个透明的Activity进行的(牛皮)!

    3. TransparentActivity

    从名字就可以知道,这是一个透明的Activity,其布局更加简答,只有一个id为container的FrameLayout
    这里我们分析捕捉控件的原理吧:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        ......
        vContainer = findViewById(R.id.container);
        // 底部那一行字
        final BoardTextView board = new BoardTextView(this);
        type = getIntent().getIntExtra(EXTRA_TYPE, TYPE_UNKNOWN);
        switch (type) {
            case TYPE_EDIT_ATTR:
                // 创建EditAttrLayout,并设置拖动监听
                EditAttrLayout editAttrLayout = new EditAttrLayout(this);
                editAttrLayout.setOnDragListener(new EditAttrLayout.OnDragListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void showOffset(String offsetContent) {
                        board.updateInfo(offsetContent);
                    }
                });
                vContainer.addView(editAttrLayout);
                break;
        ......
        }
    }
    

    看来所有的东西都在EditAttrLayout里面,EditAttrLayout是一个自定义View,继承自CollectViewsLayout,看下主要代码:

    private IMode mode = new ShowMode();
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        if (targetElement != null) {
            canvas.drawRect(targetElement.getRect(), areaPaint);
            mode.onDraw(canvas);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                lastX = event.getX();
                lastY = event.getY();
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                mode.triggerActionUp(event);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                mode.triggerActionMove(event);
                break;
        }
        return true;
    }
    

    绘制和触摸事件都交给ShowMode处理,我们先看看如何查找选中的是哪个View:

    // 获取当前位置的Element
    final Element element = getTargetElement(event.getX(), event.getY());
    

    getTargetElement()即便猜想也可以知道是通过View的位置以及点击的位置来获取Element,但是这个Element又是如何获得的?这里又通过反射来获取了:

        @Override
        protected void onAttachedToWindow() {
            super.onAttachedToWindow();
            try {
                // 获取targetActivity
                Activity targetActivity = UETool.getInstance().getTargetActivity();
                // 获取其WindowManager
                WindowManager windowManager = targetActivity.getWindowManager();
                // WindowManagerImpl的mGlobal字段
                Field mGlobalField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerImpl").getDeclaredField("mGlobal");
                mGlobalField.setAccessible(true);
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { // 低版本处理
                    Field mViewsField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerGlobal").getDeclaredField("mViews");
                    mViewsField.setAccessible(true);
                    List<View> views = (List<View>) mViewsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager));
                    for (int i = views.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        View targetView = getTargetDecorView(targetActivity, views.get(i));
                        if (targetView != null) {
                            traverse(targetView);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    Field mRootsField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerGlobal").getDeclaredField("mRoots");
                    mRootsField.setAccessible(true);
                    List viewRootImpls;
                    // 这里没必要了肯定是true
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                        viewRootImpls = (List) mRootsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager));
                    } else {
                        viewRootImpls = Arrays.asList((Object[]) mRootsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager)));
                    }
    
                    for (int i = viewRootImpls.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                        Class clazz = Class.forName("android.view.ViewRootImpl");
                        Object object = viewRootImpls.get(i);
                        Field mWindowAttributesField = clazz.getDeclaredField("mWindowAttributes");
                        mWindowAttributesField.setAccessible(true);
                        Field mViewField = clazz.getDeclaredField("mView");
                        mViewField.setAccessible(true);
                        View decorView = (View) mViewField.get(object);
                        WindowManager.LayoutParams layoutParams = (WindowManager.LayoutParams) mWindowAttributesField.get(object);
                        if (layoutParams.getTitle().toString().contains(targetActivity.getClass().getName())
                                || getTargetDecorView(targetActivity, decorView) != null) {
                            traverse(decorView);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    

    本来我是不想放这么一大段代码,但是我觉得这个代码写的真好。通过反射获取了当前的DecorView。可不可以不适用反射直接通过Activity.getWindow().getDecorView()这种方式获取DecorView?不行,普通的Activity获取DecorView没有问题,如果当前Activity上显示了Dialog,那么此时我们应该获取Dialog的DecorView,因此这里使用了反射去获取View(猜想)。
    接着就需要去遍历DecorView,将其添加到Element中:

        private void traverse(View view) {
            if (UETool.getInstance().getFilterClasses().contains(view.getClass().getName())) return;
            if (view.getAlpha() == 0 || view.getVisibility() != View.VISIBLE) return;
            if (getResources().getString(R.string.uet_disable).equals(view.getTag())) return;
            elements.add(new Element(view));
            if (view instanceof ViewGroup) {
                ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup) view;
                for (int i = 0; i < parent.getChildCount(); i++) {
                    traverse(parent.getChildAt(i));
                }
            }
        }
    

    OK,Element已经获取,并且当前点击的Element已经获取到,我们看下如何显示距离的:

        @Override
        public void triggerActionUp(final MotionEvent event) {
            // 抬起触发,获取当前位置的Element
            final Element element = getTargetElement(event.getX(), event.getY());
            if (element != null) {
                targetElement = element;
                // 重绘
                invalidate();
                ......
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
            /**
             * 绘制,targetElement如何获取
             */
            Rect rect = targetElement.getRect();
            // 绘制线以及文字
            drawLineWithText(canvas, rect.left, rect.top - lineBorderDistance, rect.right, rect.top - lineBorderDistance);
            drawLineWithText(canvas, rect.right + lineBorderDistance, rect.top, rect.right + lineBorderDistance, rect.bottom);
        }
    

    通过获取到的Element,我们可以获得View的位置并且通过Canvas将线条和文字绘制到View上。(属性显示的dialog这里割掉了)

    4. 总结

    关于原理,这东西我觉得看看源码基本上都可以理解。为啥还要写这篇呢?我觉得有几个地方确实惊艳到我了:

    1. 通过反射获取Context
    2. 通过反射获取DecorView
    3. 通过反射获取TopActivity

    虽然代码不多,但是用到了很多源码知识。想必这就是书读百遍,其义自见吧!

    相关文章

      网友评论

      • e49d831def8b:看到这段代码确实是有被惊艳到,能写出如此优雅的代码的人,想必也很不一般。

      本文标题:饿了么UETool源码分析

      本文链接:https://www.haomeiwen.com/subject/yjqjuftx.html