变换操作
通过上篇的学习,我们知道了如何去创建一个Observable对象,通过subscribe将事件传递给Observer,但是仅仅知道这些是不够的,有些复杂的场景,需要我们对Observable进行一些转换来发射数据。那么我们就在这篇文章里来系统的学习一下吧
- Buffer操作符
Observable.from(email).buffer(3).subscribe(
new Action1<List<String>>() {
@Overridepublic void call(List<String> strings) {
for (int i=0;i<strings.size();i++) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "strings:" + strings.get(i));
}
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "==========================");
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email2
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ==========================
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email4
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email5
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email6
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ==========================
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email7
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email8
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email9
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ==========================
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email10
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ==========================
buffer就是将数据按照规定的数量做一个缓存,达到这个数量之后再一次性全部发射出去
,在本例中,就是每缓存3个之后再发射出去再看下2个参数的方法
Observable.from(email).buffer(3, 5).subscribe(
new Action1<List<String>>() {
@Override public void call(List<String> strings) {
for (int i=0;i<strings.size();i++) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "strings:" + strings.get(i));
}
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "===========");
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email2
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email6
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email7
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email8
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
buffer(count, skip),代表每发射skip个数据用count数据作为缓存,再进行发射,如果count==skip,就是第一种情况了`buffer不仅在数量上可以缓存,时间上也同样可以控制缓存
subscription=Observable.create(
new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() { @Override public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) {
if (!subscriber.isUnsubscribed()) {
for (int i=0;i<email.length;i++) {
subscriber.onNext(email[i]);
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}}).subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread()).buffer(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS).subscribe(
new Action1<List<String>>() {
@Override public void call(List<String> strings) {
for (int i=0;i<strings.size();i++) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "strings:" + strings.get(i));
}
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "===========");
}
});
运行结果
02-15 17:15:22.935 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email1
02-15 17:15:22.935 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email2
02-15 17:15:22.935 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email3
02-15 17:15:22.935 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email4
02-15 17:15:22.945 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
02-15 17:15:24.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email5
02-15 17:15:24.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email6
02-15 17:15:24.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email7
02-15 17:15:24.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email8
02-15 17:15:24.935 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
02-15 17:15:26.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email9
02-15 17:15:26.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: strings:email10
02-15 17:15:26.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
02-15 17:15:28.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
02-15 17:15:30.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
02-15 17:15:32.925 14127-14156/com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: ===========
注意观察时间,这边就是每2秒去执行一次操作
- FlatMap操作符
Observable.just("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6").flatMap(
new Func1<String, Observable<String>>() {
@Override public Observable<String> call(String s) {
return Observable.just(s+"2");
}
}).subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String s) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", s);
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 12
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 22
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 32
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 42
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 52
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: 62
flatMap就是根据你的规则,将Observable转换之后再发射出去,注意最后的顺序很可能是错乱的,如果要保证顺序的一致性,要使用concatMap
- SwitchMap操作符
Observable.just(10, 20, 30).switchMap(
new Func1<Integer, Observable<Integer>>() {
@Override public Observable<Integer> call(Integer integer) {
//10的延迟执行时间为1000毫秒、20和30的延迟执行时间为50毫秒
int delay = 1000;
if (integer>10) { delay=50; }
return Observable.just(integer).delay(delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
}).subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "integer:" + integer);
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:30
switchmap的功能与flatMap应该说是类似,都是转换Observable,但是区别在于switchmap在产生新的Observable的同时,会摒弃旧的Observable
,所以本例并不像之前flatmap一样会产生3个结果,而是直接最后一个Observable替代了之前2个
- groupBy操作符
Observable.just("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6").groupBy(
new Func1<String, Boolean>() {
@Override public Boolean call(String s) {
return Integer.parseInt(s)>3;
}
}).subscribe(new Action1<GroupedObservable<Boolean, String>>() {
@Override public void call(final GroupedObservable<Boolean, String> booleanStringGroupedObservable) {
booleanStringGroupedObservable.subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String s) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", booleanStringGroupedObservable.getKey() + " " + s);
}
});
}});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: false 1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: false 2
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: false 3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: true 4
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: true 5
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: true 6
groupBy是通过key建立规则,通过这个规则进行分组发射
- Map操作符
Observable.just("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6").map(
new Func1<String, Integer>() {
@Override public Integer call(String s) {
return Integer.parseInt(s);
}
}).subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "integer:" + integer);
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:2
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:4
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:5
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:6
map与flatmap在功能上是一致的,区别在于flatmap是通过中间Observable来进行,而map是直接执行
- Cast操作符
Observable.just("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6").cast(String.class).subscribe(
new Action1<String>() { @Override public void call(String integer) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "integer:" + integer);
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:2
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:4
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:5
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:6
cast用于直接强制转换
- Scan
Observable.just(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).scan(new Func2<Integer, Integer, Integer>() {
@Override public Integer call(Integer integer, Integer integer2) {
return integer+integer2;
}
}).subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.d("SampleTransformingActiv", "integer:" + integer);
}
});
运行结果
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:1
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:3
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:6
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:10
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:15
com.renyu.rxdemo D/SampleTransformingActiv: integer:21
scan类似递归操作,将这个函数的结果作为下一个数据的第一个参数,每次计算结果都会把结果给订阅者
-
Window
window的作用与Buffer雷同,只不过他是返回一个Observable,而Buffer返回是一个list
,这里就不再多说了
主要参考文章
- 给 Android 开发者的 RxJava 详解 扔物线大神的文章,我的RXJava启蒙文章
- 木水川的博客 对RXJava操作符做了很详细的说明以及提供详细的示例
- **ReactiveX文档中文翻译 mcxiaoke翻译的RXJava中文文档 **
- Android RxJava使用介绍 job_hesc对RXJava操作符介绍以及简单的示例
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