Book	Reading Part @July 4, 2017
Stephen R. Covey	“Inside-Out”, Part 2, P39-53

Summary:

这一部分以一位演习战舰船长的思维转换过程为例子，点出原则就像灯塔是不可动摇的。其实反观我们自己，不也是经常像这位身处迷雾的船长这般看不清事实吗？

此外，作者的另外一个例子，在他3岁女儿生日会上发生的事情也让人很值得深思。当他回家看到女儿霸占着生日礼物不让其他小朋友玩，他的第一反应便是难堪，觉得自己没教导好女儿，在别的家长面前丢脸了。接下来便是他的一系列“动作”：简单要求（simple request），不听-讲道理（use a little reasoning），不听-贿赂收买（bribery），不听-恐吓威胁（resort to fear and threat），不听-最后只好武力解决，强行夺过玩具分给小朋友玩（resort to force），女儿哭了。这个例子很真实，特别是对于大部分的中国家长来说，总是不自觉地过分在意其他家长的看法，却忽略了什么才是孩子真正需要的。其实解决问题的办法永远不止一个，作者后文也提到了当时在他讲道理也无效后，他完全可以带其他孩子玩其他有趣的游戏，转移他们的注意力，解除女儿的心理压力。孩子的成长需要一个过程，一旦孩子体会到真正的拥有后，自然会乐于分享。

本章节的最后总结出新的思想水平，即本书的主要内容：

It's a principle-centered, character-based, "Inside-out" approach to personal and interpersonal effectiveness.

以原则为中心，以品德为基础，由内而外的实现个人效能和人际效能。

"Inside-out" means to start first with self; even more fundamentally, to start with the most inside part of self-with your paradigms, your character, and your motives.

“由内而外”意味着从自身做起，甚至该从心灵最深处开始，从思维模式、 品德操守和动机开始做起。

Words and Expressions:

Now I was becoming exasperated.

exasperated, adj. very annoyed and upset. 恼火. [Longman]
e.g. The crying child left us feeling tired and exasperated.

Perhaps I superimposed a higher-level expectation on her simply because on my own scale I was at a lower level.

superimpose, vt. to place or lay (something) over something else, often used figuratively. 使重叠，使叠加，通常以比喻用法。 [Merriam-Webster]
e.g. We should not try to superimpose our values on other cultures. 我们不该将自己的价值观强加给别人。

They may eliminate some of the cosmetic or acute problems through social aspirin and Band-Aids. 这类“特效药”或许能暂时消除某些表面或紧急问题，但解决不了根本性问题。

social aspirin and Band-Aids, 阿司匹林&邦迪，都是特效药。用在这里形容所谓的“捷径”真是够生动形象，也很通俗易懂，值得学习这个表达方式。

As I travel around the country and work with organizations, I find that long-term thinking executives are simply turned off by psych up psychology and "motivational" speakers who have nothing more to share than entertaining stories mingled with platitudes.

platitude, n. a statement that has been made many times before and is not interesting or clever-used to show disapproval. 陈词滥调, 老生常谈. [Longman]
e.g. She was so tired of her parents' platitude about the value of marriage.

Quotes:

A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step.
千里之行，始于足下。（老子《道德经》）

How can we remember our ignorance, which our growth requires, when we are using our knowledge all the time? （Henry David Thoreau）若我们时刻只顾着展现知识，何时能忆起我们成长所需的无知呢？（亨利·戴维·梭罗，美国作家）

The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them. （Albert Einstein）我们不能用问题产生时的同一思想水准来解决问题。（阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦）

We must not cease from exploration and the end of all our exploring will be to arrive where we began and to know the place for the first time. （T.S.Eliot）我们无法停止探索；我们所有探索的尽头终将回到最初，一如初识。（T·S·艾略特，英国诗人）