Day 1 精读阅读笔记
Vocabulary
1. Alone adv.
If you say thatone person or thing alone is responsible for part of an amount, you areemphasizing the size of that part and the size of the total amount.
[emphasis]
E.g The BBC aloneis sending 300 technicians, directors and commentators.
Megastars like Jack Nicholson, who made £50million from Batman alone, are unlikely to be affected.
2.Klarna，瑞典支付创企。
瑞典支付创企Klarna宣布，他们已经从Wonga手中购入德国同行Billpay。Klarna致力于和在线零售商合作，提供多种支付方式。Billpay的原母公司Wonga曾在2014年，因无法评估借款人的还款能力而搞的自己声名狼藉。
Klarna的联合创始人兼CEOSebastian Siemiatkowski。Klarna由Sebastian Siemiatkowski、Victor Jacobsson以及Niklas
Adalberth三人于2005年共同创立。
3.mortgage（房贷）
A mortgageis a loan of money which you get from a bank or building society in order to buy a house.
4. account holder
the person whosename is on a bank account
银行用户
5. predetermined（预先设定好的）
If you say thatsomething ispredetermined,you mean that itsform or nature was decided by previous events or by people rather than bychance.
e.g The Prince'sdestiny was predetermined from the moment of his birth.
The capsules(胶囊) can be
made to release the pesticides（杀虫剂）at a predetermined time.
Synonyms:prearranged, set, agreed, set up
6. nudge
1)verb
If younudgesomeone, you push them gently, usually withyour elbow, in order to draw their attention to something.
e.g I nudged Stanand pointed again.
Synonyms: push,touch, dig, jog
Nudge isalso a noun.
Sheslipped her arm under his and gave him a nudge.
2)verb
If you nudgesomeone or something into a place or position, you gently push them there.
e.g Edna Swinsonnudgedhimintothesitting room.
The civil servant nudged him forward.
Nudgeis also a noun.
McKinnon
gave the wheel another slight nudge.
3)verb
If you nudgesomeone into doing something, you gentlypersuadethem to do it.
e.g Bit by bit Bobhad nudged Fritz into selling his controlling interest.
Foreigners must use their power to nudgethe country towards greater tolerance.
British tour companies are nudging clientsto travel further afield.
Synonyms: prompt,influence, urge, persuade
Nudge isalso a noun.
I had afeeling that the challenge appealed to him. All he needed was a nudge.
4)verb(上一个专题Amazon’s empire有出现过，描述沃尔玛的财政收入有讲到这个词)
If someone orsomething is nudging a particular amount, level, or state, they have almostreached it.
...a little-knownstage plays writer and actress who was nudging 40 and going nowhere.
The temperaturewhen we were there was nudging80°F.
7. To date
It means up untilthe present time
Synonyms: up tonow, yet, so far, until now
e.g 'Dottie' is byfar his best novel to date.
She is without question the craziest personI've met to date.
To date we have spent eight thousand poundsbetween us.
8. dire严重的
9. unscathed毫发无损的，未受到伤害的
If you areunscathed after a dangerous experience, you have not been injured or harmed byit.
10. mount
If you mount acampaign or event, you organize it and make it take place.
Synonyms: launch,stage, prepare, deliver
11. conspicuously
If someone orsomething is conspicuous, people can see or notice them very easily.
12. incumbent在职者
1）An incumbent is someone who holds an official post ata particular time.
补充：2）adj
If it isincumbent uponyoutodo something, it is your duty or responsibility to do it.
[formal]
It isincumbent uponall of ustomake an extra effort.
Synonyms: obligatory, required, necessary, essential
13. resilient
1）adjective
Something that isresilientis strong andnot
easily damaged by being hit, stretched, or squeezed.
e.g Cotton is moreresistant to being squashed and polyester is more resilient.
...an armchair of some resilient plasticmaterial.
resilienceuncountable noun
Do yourmuscles have the strength and resilience that they should have?
Synonyms: suppleness, give, spring, flexibility
Synonyms: strength, toughness, adaptability, hardiness
2）adjective
People and thingsthat areresilientare able to recovereasily and quickly from unpleasant or damaging events.
e.gGeorge Fraser was clearly a good soldier,calm and resilient.
When theU.S.stock market collapsed inOctober 1987, the Japanese stock market was the most resilient.
resilienceuncountable noun
...theresilience of human beings to fight after they've been attacked.
Synonyms:suppleness, give, spring, flexibility More Synonyms of resilient
Synonyms:strength, toughness, adaptability, hardiness
14.cumbersome
A cumbersomesystem or process is very complicated and inefficient.
Synonyms:inefficient, unwieldy, badly organized
15. landscape
countable noun
A landscape is allthe features that are important in a particular situation.
e.gJune's events completely altered the politicallandscape.
...a landscape of unparalleled ignorance.
16. kick-start
To kick-start aprocess that has stopped working or progressing is to take a course of actionthat will quickly start it going again.
Synonyms:stimulate, encourage, prompt, spur
补充：verb
If you kick-starta motorcycle, you press the lever that starts it with your foot.
e.g He lifted thebike off its stand and kick-started it.
17.explicit 利用
Something that isexplicit is expressed or shown clearly and openly, without any attempt to hideanything.
Explicitlyadverb
The play was thefirst commercially successful work dealing explicitly with homosexuality.
Their intention isnot to become involved in explicitly political activities.
explicitnessuncountable noun
When the book waspublished, the energy and explicitness caught the popular imagination.
补充：If you areexplicit aboutsomething, you speak about it very openly and clearly.
He was explicitabout his intention to overhaul the party's internal voting system.
explicitly adverb
She has beentalking very explicitly about AIDS to these groups.
18. authenticate 证明是真实的、可靠的或有效的;鉴定，使生效
If you authenticate something, you state officially that it is genuine after examiningit.
1.He says he'll have no problem authenticating the stamp
他说自己可以对这枚邮票进行鉴定。
《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
2.Documentaries offered the chance to authenticate the accuracy of the various details in these models.
纪录片为核实这些模型中各种细节的准确性提供了机会。
19.handy
Something that ishandy is useful.
20.PwC普华永道
pwc（普华永道会计事务所）普华永道国际会计事务所，成立于英国伦敦。全球顶级会计公司，位居四大会计师事务所之首。是由原六大会计事务所中规模最小但声望最高的Price Waterhouse（普华）与Coopers & Lybrand（永道）成功合并组成的。于1998年1月1日公司更名为PricewaterhouseCoopers。
21.legitimate合法的
Something that islegitimate is acceptable according to the law.
Synonyms: lawful,real, true, legal More Synonyms of legitimate
Legitimacyuncountable noun
The oppositionparties do not recognize the political legitimacy of his government.
Legitimatelyadverb
The government hasbeen legitimately elected by the people.
2)If you say thatsomething such as a feeling or claim islegitimate,you think that it is reasonable and justified.
22. robust
1) adjective
Someone orsomething that is robust is very strong or healthy.
More women thanmen go to the doctor. Perhaps men are more robust or worry less?
We've always specializedin making very robust, simply designed machinery.
robustlyadverb
He became robustlyhealthy.
robustnessuncountable noun
...the robustnessof diesel engines.
2) adjective
Robust views oropinions are strongly held and forcefully expressed.
A British ForeignOffice minister has made a robust defence of the agreement.
He has the keeneye and robust approach needed.
robustlyadverb
In the decisionswe have to make aboutEurope, we have todefend our position very robustly indeed.
robustnessuncountable noun
...a prominentindustrialist renowned for the robustness of his right-wing views.
23.water down
If something suchas a proposal, speech, or statement is watered down, it is made much weaker andless forceful, or less likely to make people angry.
24. bare someone’steeth
If you baresomething, you uncover it and show it.
这里应该是说，监管者早就跃跃欲试了
25.invoice
countablenoun
An invoice is adocument that lists goods that have been supplied or services that have beendone, and says how much money you owe for them.
e.gWe will then send you an invoice for thetotal course fees.
His £700 invoice was settled immediately incash.
Synonyms: account,charge, bill, statement
26．Exploit
1) verb
If you say thatsomeone is exploiting you, you think that they are treating you unfairly byusing your work or ideas and giving you very little in return.
e.g Critics claimhe exploited black musicians for personal gain.
...the plight of the exploited sugar caneworkers.
Exploitationuncountable noun
Extra paymentsshould be made to protect the interests of the staff and prevent exploitation.
Synonyms: misuse,abuse, manipulation, imposition More Synonyms of exploit
2) verb
If you say thatsomeone is exploiting a situation, you disapprove of them because they areusing it to gain an advantage for themselves, rather than trying to help otherpeople or do what is right.
The government andits opponents compete to exploit the troubles to their advantage.
Synonyms: make thebest use of, use, make use of, and utilize exploitationsingular noun
...theexploitation of the famine by local politicians.
Synonyms:misuse, abuse, manipulation, imposition More Synonyms of exploit
Synonyms:capitalization, utilization, using to good advantage, trading upon MoreSynonyms of exploit
3) verb
If you exploitsomething, you use it well, and achieve something or gain an advantage from it.
You'll need a goodaerial to exploit the radio's performance.
Caryis hoping to exploit new opportunities inEurope.
So you feel thatyour skills have never been fully appreciated or exploited?
4) verb
To exploitresources or raw materials means to develop them and use them for industry orcommercial activities.
I think we'rebeing very short sighted in not exploiting our own coal.
exploitationuncountable noun
...the plannedexploitation of its potential oil and natural gas reserves.
Synonyms: misuse,abuse, manipulation, imposition More Synonyms of exploit
5) countable noun
If you refer tosomeone's exploits, you mean the brave, interesting, or amusing things thatthey have done.
His wartimeexploits were later made into a film.
Synonyms: feat,act, achievement, enterprise
27. shake up（phrasal verb）
If someone shakesup something such as an organization, an institution, or a profession, theymake major changes to it.
28．Rock bottom最低点
29．Retail banking
banking forindividual customers
Day2 Topic 2 Levelling the Paying Field
1.New European payments regulation has the potential to shake up the banks.
欧洲新出台的付款规章（支付规章）可能会动摇银行业的根基
订正：欧洲新出台的支付规章可能会给银行带来重创
2.European rules willopen the door toa host of innovative servicesthat analyze transactions.
欧洲新出台的规定（法规）将会为用于分析交易数据的创新服务领军者敞开大门。
Host：a great number;
订正：欧洲新出台的法规将会为交易分析相关的创新服务敞开大门。
Open the door to:to give someone new opportunities (sometimes + for )The success of that film opened new doors for him.(sometimes + to )Early results show that the new system would open doors to disadvantaged people.
3.Customers needbarely everinteract with their bank.
顾客们不再需要与他们的银行沟通。
订正：客户几乎都不需要通过银行
（笃师点评）
如果这边一定把interact翻成与银行互动,就略显死板了。大家都习惯了互联网金融，那很多事情就不需要通过银行啦~
提醒大家双向思考，当你要表达“不需要通过银行”的时候，能否想起interact with the bank这么地道的用法呢？
4.European retail banking has beenremarkably unscathed by technology-driven disruption.
然而欧洲银行的零售银行业并没有因为这场技术变革受到重创。
5.Fintech companies are beginning tomount a challenge, mostconspicuouslyin the online-payments industry in northern Europe. But theirreach is more limitedelsewhere in Europe.
金融科技公司开始发起挑战，将目标主要锁定在北欧的网上支付服务。但在欧洲其他地区的进展就没有这么顺利。（重点偏了，没有理解到位）
（笃师点评）
互联网金融公司已经开始发起挑战，尤其是在北欧线上支付领域。但对欧洲其他地区的影响则要小得多。
我看到群里很多同学对mount a challenge表示不解，记住这个常见搭配，表达的意思就是发起挑战，构成威胁。我要提醒大家的是最后那里的reach,用作名词时候和influence一个意思,用来表达影响的范围，简短好用，建议化作积极储备。Eg. Victory is now out of her reach. /The company has now overtaken IBM in terms of size and reach./Such matters are beyond the reach of the law.
6.Regulators, however, are about totransform the landscape.
然而，监管者打算改变这种局势。
7.Banks’ lockhold on payments serves as a handy source of income.
银行可靠的安保措施为银行带来了不少的收入。
（笃师点评）
牢牢把控支付领域使得银行轻而易举就能赚钱。
lockhold难住了很多同学，这种用法很少见，大家作为被动词汇即可。lock锁住，hold紧握，加在一起就是牢牢把控的意思，同样需要大家联想体会哦。倒是后面的handy这一形容词值得重视，表示就在手边，方便容易，唾手可得，联想它的原形hand好好体会一下。Eg. Always keep a first-aid kit handy.跟前要常备急救箱/handy little tool好用小工具
8.Resistance ismanifested asa concern about data protection. Suchconcerns are legitimatebut also, argue fintech supporters,offer a convenient excuse forbanks toblock competition.
对数据保护的担忧可以看作是银行的反抗。虽然这样的担忧是合法的，但是金融科技的支持者认为这是银行为了避免竞争提出的借口。
9.Yetfor all their complaints, customersstilltrust banks with their money.
尽管消费者对银行有很多不满，但他们还是很放心地把钱放在银行。
神词组:
become overdrawn:超支
nudge them to save more提醒他们要省钱（错啦！）鼓励他们增加储蓄
have easy access to:更容易去做某事
kick-start competition:引发竞争
give explicit consent明确同意
one-click bank transfer:一键转账
low-value payments:金额低的支付（小额支付）
tighten up security:强化安保
guide them toward:引导他们
rich data:丰富的数据
leave them in a weaker position:弱化他们的地位
robust data-protection system:强大的数据保护系统
insured against losses from fraud:避免诈骗损失（投保以防欺诈造成的损失）
perfect on paper:纸上谈兵（理论完美！暗示实际操作起来可能困难重重。）
team up with:与….合作
exploit newcomers technology:开发新技术（理解错了）（利用后来者的技术）
Day 3 整理总结
心得总结
不知道是不是因为自己很想得笃学奖，学习能力很差的自己竟然一天搞定思维导图！刚开始报这个班的时候，担心的就是这个问题！！害怕自己搞不定思维导图，然后完成不了作业！但这两天玩了一下感觉还是不错哒
再来呢，就是表白一下Jane女神，听声音就感觉是一个很有活力的一位笃师，又是一个从事同传（我的dream job）的笃师。膜拜膜拜！！
好了，重头戏来啦！！来谈谈自己这几天发现的问题
1.作为一名翻译专业的学生，这两天发现自己没办法适应经济学人的PDF格式。刚拿到文章的时候，赶紧复制粘贴到word，然后就是不停的编辑整理。最后放大比例，像看大字报一样读这篇文章！！
之前有在网上看到，译员有很多时候都要适应文本的各种模式。不是每次都能这样把文本无限放大，然后清晰阅读！一个语言专业学生的阅读能力应该是阅读理解＋看清原始文本的能力。
当然了，这也说明了，我的语言功底还是不扎实，一堆不认识的词夹在密密麻麻的文本里，自然不懂咯！还是继续努力吧！！
2.港真！这次的思维导图我自己是很满意的，直到看到jane的导图！我才知道自己还是有很多不足！！jane的导图没有像我的那样，以文章题目为中心主题。而是以中心思想为中心主题！！还有在子主题上，Jane会用各种符号去表达，而我就打了一大堆词在上面。学会用表情这招get到了
3.下周就要考专四啦！那天看文章，发现这几个词很眼熟，但就是想不起来/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~
Exploit
Robust
Legitimate
predetermined
resilient
且背且珍惜，万一下周考到了呢？？
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