No.38 透纳 | 英国绘画史上的天才人物

No.38 透纳 | 英国绘画史上的天才人物

连载 油画世界 昨天

油画世界  ArtYouhua

——分享世界油画，欣赏各国艺术——

Joseph Mallord William Turner

约瑟夫·马洛德·威廉·透纳

英国画家, (1775－1851)

威廉·透纳（william Turner, 1775-1851）被誉为英国绘画史上的天才人物。威廉·透纳24岁被选为皇家美术协会候补院士，28岁成为正式院士，也是有史以来最年轻的院士。

—— By ArtYouhua

作品欣赏

Rain Steam and Speed, The Great Western Railway

威廉·透纳感觉敏锐，富于幻想，充满浪漫主义气质。威廉·透纳平生的抱负就是画出足以同17世纪法国大师克劳德·洛兰媲美的画。为了让自己的作品惊世骇俗、不同凡响，透纳在创作时，几乎把一切富于戏剧性和震撼人心的效果都融进画里，常常使人们为他敏妙的才华和不同凡响的笔意赞叹不已。

Wreckers Coast of Northumberland,1834

从威廉·透纳的作品中我们总是感受到大自然的崇高、壮丽和无比的威力，感受到创作满腔激情。透纳常常表现的是天光水色浑然一体，云、雾、水融会其中的景象。

The Burning of the Houses of Parliament,1834

透纳用耀眼光线、灿烂的色彩、大胆奔放的用笔描绘出充满力量、速度和运动氛围感的绘画作品，在我们眼前展现了一个动荡不安、炫人眼目的世界。透纳的风景画绝不是忠实于对象的写生之作，而是带有强烈主观愿望、想象和戏剧性的夸张作品。透纳不是为画风景而创作，是为表达感情而创作。透纳的风景画简直就像中国的大写意作品。

The Shipwreck,1805

威廉·透纳的油画、水彩画技巧纯熟精湛，他用笔挥洒，有流动感，善于用光，他笔下的景色常常沐浴在明亮的光线之中。透纳用光并不像伦勃朗，伦勃朗的光线是逐渐减弱最后融在阴影之中，而透纳的光却是逐步纯化，最后变为一片明亮的光辉。透纳对画面虚实的处理也别具一格，产生出动人的画面效果。

Childe Harold,1823

威廉·透纳去世前将三百幅油画、近二万幅水彩和素描赠送给了国家。透纳的主要作品有《蒸汽和速度》、《议会大厦的火灾》（1835年）、《战舰归航》（1819年）、《威尼斯风景》(1843年)、《暴风雪》（1842年）等。

The Fighting Temeraire tugged to her last berth to be broken up,1839

Snow Storm - Steam Boat off a Harbour's Mouth,1842

Venice with the Salute,1840-1845

Boscastle, Cornwall

Ivy Bridge, Devonshire

The Pantheon, the Morning after the Fire,1792

Cathedral Church at Lincoln,1795

Fishermen at Sea,1796

Wolverhampton, Staffordshire,1796

Moonlight, A Study at Millbank,1797

Buttermere Lake, a Shower,1798

Morning Amongst the Coniston Fells, Cumberland,1798

Norham Castle, Sunrise,1798

Caernarvon Castle,1799

Dolbadern Castle,1799

Perspective View of Fonthill Abbey from the South West,1799

Self-Portrait,1799

South View of Christ Church, from the Meadows,1798-1799

Warkworth Castle, Northumberland; Thunderstorm Approaching at Sunset,1799

Rainbow

The Fifth Plague of Egypt,1800

Rome From Monte Testaccio

Dutch Boats in a Gale,1801

Salon

Dutch Fishing Boats in a Storm,1801

Salon

Pembroke Caselt, South Wales, Thunder Storm Approaching,1801

Shipwreck

Lake Lucerne,1802

St. Erasmus in Bishop Islips Chapel, Westminster Abbey

Ships Bearing up for Anchorage ('The Egremont Sea Piece'),1802

Stamford

Bonneville, Savoy with Mont Blanc,1803

Sunrise, Whiting Fishing at Margate

Calais Pier, with French Poissards Preparing for Sea, an English Packeet Arriving,1803

Tabley, the Seat of Sir J.F. Leicester Bt.: Windy Day

Glacier and Source of the Arveron, Going Up to the Mer de Glace,1803

The Battle of Trafalgar

The Festival of the Opening of the Vintage, Macon,1803

The Chapter House, Salisbury Chathedral

The Passage of the St. Gothard,1804

The Devil's Bridge, St. Gothard

Interior of Salisbury Cathedral,1802-1805

The Exile and the Snail

The Grand Canal Scene, A Street In Venice

The Lake of Thun, Switzerland,1806

The Grand Canal, Venice, engraved by William Miller

Windsor Castle from the Thames,1804-1806

The Nordgalerie

Sun Rising through Vagour Fishermen Cleaning and Sellilng Fish,1807

Totnes, in the River Dart

The Thames near Walton Bridges,1807

Transept of Ewenny Priory, Glamorganshire

Tree Tops and Sky, Guildford Castle,1807

Valley of The Brook Kedron

Pope's Villa, at Twickenham,1808

Venice

The Battle of Trafalgar, as Seen from the Mizen Starboard Shrouds of the Victory,1806-1808

View of Saint Germain en Laye and its Chateau

London,1809

Welsh Bridge at Shrewsbury

Ploughing up Turnips, near Slough,1809

Weymouth

The big connection channel at Southall Mill,1810

Whitby

The Fall of an Avalanche in the Grisons,1810

Wilderness A Engedi & Convent of Santa Saba

The Lake Geneva seen from Montreux,1810

The Wreck of a Transport Ship,1810

Scarborough Town and Castle. Morning.Boys Catching Crabs,1811

Snow Storm, Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps,1812

Frosty Morning,1813

The Mew Stone at the Entrance of Plymouth Sound,1814

Crossing the Brook,1815

Dido Building Carthage,1815

The Battle of Fort Rock, Val d'Aoste, Piedmont,1815

Pendennis Castle, Cornwall Scene after a Wreck,1816

The Vale of Ashburnham,1816

Landscape Composition of Tivoli,1817

Mount Vesuvius in Eruption,1817

The Decline of the Carthaginian Empire,1817

A First Rate Taking In Stores,1818

Dort, the Dort Packet Boat from Rotterdam Bacalmed,1818

Kirby Londsale Churchyard,1818

Raby Castle, Residence of the Earl of Darlington,1818

Heriot's Hospital, Edinburgh,1819

Rome, The Forum with a Rainbow,1819

San Giorgio Maggiore in the Morning,1819

St. Peter's from the south,1819

Venice, Looking East from the Guidecca, Sunrise,1819

Rome from the Vatican,1820

Rome, The Colosseum,1820

Norham Castle on the Tweed,1822

What You Will!,1822