Day22:
单次作业
vocabulary and phrases
religious faith宗教信仰
moral decay道德败坏;道德腐朽
socialist modernity社会主义现代化
Middle Kingdom中国(曾经的中原之国)
political implications政治涵义
Sinicised汉化,中国化
pulitzer prize普利策奖
culturalshift文化转变
forced abortion强制引产
house church家庭教会;定期在某人家中会面做礼拜的一组基督教教徒
1.pilgrim
①a religious person who travels a long way to a holy place朝圣者,香客
·pilgrims visiting a holy shrine祭拜圣庙的朝圣者
2.barren land
荒地;不毛之地
3.impediment
①a physical problem that makes speaking, hearing,or moving difficult 〔生理问题导致的〕言语[听觉,行动]障碍
·a speech impediment言语障碍
②a situation or event that makes it difficult or impossible for someone or something to succeed or make progress阻碍,障碍(物);绊脚石
·War is one of the greatest impedimentstohumanprogress.战争是人类进步的一大绊脚石。
4.entwine
①to twist two things together or to wind one thing around another(使)交错;(使)缠绕
·They walked together with their arms entwined.他们挽着胳膊一起走。
②be entwined (with sth)
to be closely connected with something in a complicated way(与某事物)紧密联系在一起
·Our views of leadership are entwined with ideas of heroism.我们认为领导才能与英雄品质是紧密相连的。
5.trinity
①the Trinity inthe Christian religion, the union of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit in one God
三位一体〔基督教里指圣父、圣子、圣灵的合体〕
6.erode
①if the weather erodes rock or soil, or if rock or soil erodes, its surface is gradually destroyed〔气候〕侵蚀,腐蚀;〔岩石、土壤〕风化
·The rocks have gradually eroded away.岩石逐渐风化。
②to gradually reduce something such as someone’s power or confidence逐步损害,渐渐削弱〔权力或信心〕
·Our personal freedom is being gradually eroded away.我们的个人自由正逐渐受到限制。
7.successor
①someone who takes a job or position previouslyheld by someone else 继承人;继任者,接班人
·her successortothe post接替她职位的人
8.ebb
①the flow of the sea away from the shore, when the tide goes out落潮,退潮
②be at a low ebb
to be in a bad state or condition处于低潮;处于衰退状态
·His confidence is at a low ebb.他的信心很低落。
③ebb and flow
a situation or state in which something increases and decreases in a kind of pattern〔有规律的〕涨落,起伏
·the ebb and flow of passengers in the station车站里时多时少的客流
9.compassionate
①feeling sympathy for people who are suffering充满同情心的,怜悯的
·I allowed him to go home on compassionate grounds .我出于同情让他回家了。
10.be shorn of sth
①to have something valuable or important taken away from you被剥夺了某事物
·Though shorn of some of its powers, the party remains in control.虽然被削去了一些权力,该党仍然掌握着控制权。
11.crisis of identity
认同危机,是艾里克森表示人在成长或者说社会化的各个阶段都会遇到各种心理问题,如果成功地解决这些问题就会表现出积极地反应,如果不能很好的解决这些问题,就会出现危机,这种危机就称为认同危机。
12.thrusting
ambitious and having great drive雄心壮志的
•athrusting young executive有雄心壮志的年轻主管
13.rattle
①to make someone lose confidence or become nervous使慌乱,使紧张
·His mocking smile rattled her more than his anger.他那种嘲讽的微笑比他的愤怒更让她慌乱。
14.sage
①someone, especially an old man, who is very wise智者;哲人〔尤指老人〕
15.flourish [syn] thrive
①to develop well and be successful繁荣,兴旺,成功
·The economy is booming and small businesses are flourishing.经济繁荣,小企业蒸蒸日上。
②to wave something in your hand in order to make people notice it〔为引起注意而〕挥动〔手中的东西〕
·She walked quickly to the desk, flourishing her cheque book.她挥着支票簿快步走到桌子旁。
15.renewal
National renewal国家重建
①when an activity, situation, or process begins again after a period when it had stopped恢复;重新开始
·a renewal of the recent conflict最近那次冲突的继续
②inner city/urban renewal
when the poor areas of towns are improved by making new jobs, industries, homes etc旧城区/市区改造
16.deride[syn] mock
①to make remarks or jokes that show you think someone or something is silly or useless嘲笑,嘲弄,讥讽
·You shouldn’t deride their efforts.你不应该嘲笑他们的努力。
→deride sb as sth
·The party was derided as totally lacking in ideas.人们嘲笑该党了无新意。
17.abhor
①to hate a kind of behaviour or way of thinking, especially because you think it is morally wrong厌恶,憎恶〔某种行为或思想方式〕
·I abhor discrimination of any kind.我厌恶任何一种歧视。
18.delve
①to try to find more information about someone or something探索,探究,查考
·research that delves deeply into this issue对这个问题的深入研究
②to search for something by putting your hand deeply into a bag, container etc〔把手伸到袋子、容器等的深处〕搜寻,翻找
·He delved into his pocket and brought out a notebook.他伸手在口袋里翻找,拿出一本笔记本来。
19.Great Awakenings
大觉醒(从大约1725~1770年在美国殖民地尤指新英格兰的新教徒中的一系列宗教信仰复活运动)
20.stirring
①an early sign that something is starting to happen开始[出现,酝酿]的征兆
·the first stirrings of spring春的萌动
21.panorama
①an impressive view of a wide area of land全貌,全景
·a breathtaking panorama of mountains群山的雄伟景观
②a description or series of pictures that shows all the features of a subject, historical period etc全面叙述;全景图
·a panorama of life in England 400 years ago 400年前英格兰生活的全景图
22.pilgrimage
①a journey to a holy place for religious reasons朝圣之旅
→make a pilgrimage/go on (a) pilgrimage
·the chance to go on pilgrimage to Lourdes前往卢尔德朝圣的机会
②a journey to a place connected with someone orsomething famous 〔去与名人或有名之物有关的地方〕旅行
·Presley’s home has become a place of pilgrimage .“猫王”的家乡已成为旅游胜地。
23.instill
①to teach someone to think, behave, or feel in a particular way over a period of time逐渐灌输[培养]〔思想、行为方式或感受〕
→instil confidence/fear/discipline etc into sb
·A manager’s job is to instil determination into his players.主教练的工作就是向他的队员灌输必胜的决心。
24.perceive
①to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way〔以某种方式〕看待,理解
→perceive sth/sb as sth
·Even as a young woman she had been perceived as a future chief executive.甚至在年轻时,她就被看成未来的总裁。
→perceive sth/sb to be sth
·Often what is perceived to be aggression is simply fear.看起来气势汹汹的表现往往只是恐惧而已。
②to notice, see, or recognize something察觉,注意到,发觉
·Cats are not able to perceive colour.猫不能辨别颜色。
25.truce
①an agreement between enemies to stop fighting or arguing for a short time, or the period for which this is arranged休战,停战(协定);停止争辩(协议);停战期
·They agreed to call a truce .他们同意宣布休战。
→[+ with/between]
·There was an uneasy truce between Alex and Dave over dinner.晚饭时,亚历克斯和戴夫暂时休战。
26.Activism
Activism is the process of campaigning in public or working for an organization in order to bring about political or social change.行动主义
27.sermon
①a talk given as part of a Christian church service, usually on a religious or moral subject〔基督教的〕布道,讲道
→give/preach/deliver a sermon (on sth)
·The vicar gave a sermon on charity.牧师作了一次关于仁爱的布道。
②a long talk in which someone tries to give you moral advice that you do not want – used to show disapproval训诫,说教〔含贬义〕
28.epitomize
①to be a very typical example of something是…的典型[典范];体现;象征
·This building epitomizes the spirit of the nineteenth century.这栋建筑体现了19世纪的时代精神。
29.narrative
①a description of events in a story, especially in a novel〔尤指小说中的〕叙述,记叙
·At several points in the narrative the two stories cross.叙述中两条故事线多次交织在一起。
②[U] the process or skill of telling a story 叙事过程[技巧]
30.reversion
areturn to a former condition or habit 〔以前情况或习惯的〕恢复,回复
·the country’s reversion to a traditional monarchy该国恢复传统的君主制
31.Jerusalem
耶路撒冷
32.fatalism
the belief that there is nothing you can do to prevent events from happening 宿命论
33.protagonist
①the most important character in a play, film, orstory 〔戏剧、电影或故事的〕主要人物,主角
②one of the most important people taking part in a competition, battle, or struggle〔竞赛、战役或斗争的〕参加者,参与者
·the main protagonists in the conflict主要的冲突方
③one of the most important supporters of a socialor political idea 〔社会主张、政治思想的〕主要支持者,主要拥护者
·a protagonist of educational reform教育改革的积极拥护者
34.undertaker
①someone whose job is to arrange funerals
殡葬人员,殡仪员
Day23:
逻辑导图+神词神句翻译

1.In a society without universal rules, many yearn for a new, or reconstituted moral order.
在缺乏普遍规律的社会中,很多人都在渴望新的重塑的道德秩序。
笃师译:在缺乏普遍规章的社会,许多人渴望道德秩序焕然一新或得以重建。
形容词变动词~
2.A state without virtue can not flourish; a person without virtue can not succeed.
国无德不兴,人无德不立。
笃师译:国无德不兴,人无德不立
习大大提出,琅琅上口,不妨记下来,万一口译时候能用上呢?!~
注意当中的分号,用于连接两个关系紧密的句子。这是唯一一个可以衔接两个句子成为松散句的标点符号。
3.Aware of the political implications of a society lacking virtue, Mr. Xi has launched a campaign of national renewal based on revitalizing China’s traditional values and melding them to the Communist Party.
明白了社会缺失道德的不利政治影响,习主席发起了一场基于中国传统价值观及其与共产党融合的国家复兴运动。
笃师译:习主席深知社会道德缺失所带来的政治影响,于是发起了一场弘扬中国传统价值观的全国复兴运动,并将此精神融入中国共产党内。
Launch a campaign已经至少第三次粗现了,表和我缩不眼熟哦~
Implication: a possible effect or result of an action or a decision,可能的影响,作用,结果。
也是至少第二次出现~~可替换influence,用词多样化!~
implication更多用于描述某事件或决策带来的后续影响:
例如
The development of thesite will have implications for the surrounding countryside.
They fail to consider the widerimplications of their actions.
4.The party wants believers’ morality without their activism, but is finding that the two are inseparable, especially for Christians.
该党想要信徒受道德约束又不想其信仰变得激进,但是有发现指出,这两者是不可分割的,特别是对于基督教徒。
笃师译:执政党希望信徒遵守道德的同时,却不希望他们表现出激进的一面。然而现在发现二者难以割离,基督教徒尤为如此。
5.The sermons of Wang yi, a house church pastor in the city of Chengdu, epitomize the changes taking place across the country, perhaps because he presents a clear vision of the future that is neither the party narrative nor just a reversion to the past.
成都家庭教会的牧师王怡布道典型地反映了中国所发生的变化,大概是因为他传递了对未来清晰的认知,既不是共产党所传递的道德观,也不是过去的复兴。
笃师译:Wang yi是成都的一位家庭教会牧师,也许因为他清晰的描绘了中国宗教未来的景象,他的布道可以说是集中体现了中国在这一方面正在经历的变化:未来的宗教格局既不会遵照中国共产党的舆论发展,也不会纯粹恢复过去的模式。
1.Moral decay:道德败坏 笃师译:道德沦丧(固定搭配,建议内化)
2.A resurgence of religious faith:宗教信仰的复兴
3.See...as an impediment to progress:把…当作进步的阻碍 笃师译:视作进步的绊脚石
4.Set about doing sth:着手做某事 笃师译:着手/开始做….事情=to start doing sth
Eg. We need to set about findinga solution.得着手寻找一个解决方法。、
5.Four decades on:四十年中 笃师译:四十年后(建议内化,以丰富用词,以后可以替代After four decades这种常规用法啦~~)
6.Work out:解决
7.Delve into:钻研;研究 笃师译:try hard to find more informationabout sth探究(非常常见的词组,列为主动储备哦)
8.Fascinating panorama:精彩的全景 笃师译:1.精彩的全景,衍伸为(某专题或事件的)全面叙述,综合研究;全景画卷
9.Top-down morality campaign:自上而下的道德运动 笃师译:1.自上而下的道德宣传活动
10.Adapt the rhythms of the past to a more modern beat:是过去的传统适应更现代化的节奏 笃师译:1.使传统适应现代的节拍
Day24:
总结反思
一.文章概述
作者从过去,现在,未来叙述中国的宗教信仰在国家中所起到的角色,而由于共产党的干预将宗教摒弃,才会导致中国当前在政治经济繁荣的背后是缺乏信仰的事实。因此,国家主席习近平意识到这一问题于是发起一场弘扬道德的宣传运动,而作者则认为宗教信仰热潮才能实现道德重塑。
二.反思总结
这篇topic看起来难度不算大,但是要把作者的观点联系起来着实有点难,作为中国人对中国的了解感觉逻辑性不是那么强。不过还是有很多神词神句可以积累,并且让我了解到西方记者是怎么对中国宗教进行描述和看待的。
作为明确的无神论者,实在难以苟同作者的想法。虽说其中那张彦在中国生活过,但他对中国的了解实在不足。最让人无语的一句话是党对法轮功的镇压,并且把法轮功形容成a spiritual movement,我不是共产党的粉丝,但不得不说法轮功确实是邪教没毛病啊,赚取信徒的钱,叫信徒自燃,这记者还得了普利策奖?!
首先,我无法同意作者一个观点:中国古代历史是政教合一的。而政教合一的国家基本特点是:国家元首和宗教领袖同为一人,政权和教权由一人执掌;国家法律以宗教教义为依据,宗教教义是处理一切民间事务的准则,民众受狂热和专一的宗教感情所支配.而中国一向是君权神授,并且没有像样的宗教体系,即使有也没有能与朝廷相抗衡的实力。政教合一典型国家就在中东,作为中国人学过那么多年历史,了解过那么历史,中国古代正统朝代完全不能算是政教合一,何况若中国有信教的传统的话也不会从来奉行的都是实用主义,最多也就过年过节去拜拜佛祖菩萨罢了。所以整体上来说中国谈不上宗教能重塑中国人的道德观价值观。
其次,作为无神论四骑士之一的著名英国生物学家Richard Dawkins 曾说过:
“宗教的道德根据教义来说可以称之为绝对道德(absolute morality),而当代人——21世纪的人所接受的道德观很少是基于圣经或者古兰经的,它们是经过历史发展而来的,是经过了一致的推理,清醒的辩论,结合法律原理,以及政治和道德哲学而形成的,它们并不是从宗教中而来。想要从宗教经文中发现这些好的道德观,你必须要从经文中精挑细选,而确实能找到一些好的道德观,却忽视那些可怕的部分,而这类人就说已经跳出了藩篱,然而,他们能跳出来是缘于世俗的刀的哲学以及理性的探讨。”
这段话有理有据,实在难以不让人信服。
而文中作者大谈特谈宗教文化信仰复兴,难道他不懂得习大大所说的拯救中国人的道德缺失需要的是“中国传统文化”吗?中国传统文化中,宗教信仰文化只是一个小的分支,并且习大大在宗教信仰文化方面的谈话是“中国的佛教担起了中国宗教文化复兴的大任”。中国上下五千年文化岂是宗教文化就能包括完的?宗教需要复兴是毋庸置疑的,然而,作为无神论者,虽无法像信徒一样视宗教为世界,但能理解。可是,宗教的复兴必定要伴随着改革,无论是佛教基督教天主教还是教义最让我恶心的伊斯兰教——然而心里早已把伊斯兰教看做披着宗教外套的政权,是一种以宗教为外包装,誓要征服所有其他思想与生活方式的意识形态。改革,是要从任何方面都需要改变,首先在中国宗教就不可能大于世俗不可能大于宪法,只能作为填充精神意识的寄托物罢了。并且每个宗教的教义的问题都需要改变,一些必要的禁忌并且不与世俗化冲突时可以忍受的,而那些可怕的教义言论若是继续被保留,那么只会有更大的战争与杀戮。并且宗教在如今是最容易被利用的,
中国传统文化复兴,这八个字,包含了上下五千年的经典与博大精深,我个人认为习大大所说的传统文化复兴,不仅是要从各个地区的政府开始发起中华传统习俗等的复兴和经典文化的阅读和传承,并且传统文化指代方方面面,包括中华传统美德,是中国人从小耳濡目染的。中华文学著作经典也是传统文化,孔子的儒家思想,道家墨家等放在现在仍然有用的思想道德观,这些都能重塑中国人道德观。道德观的建设本来就是人与人之间,人与自然之间,以及对自身修养的培养,若靠宗教,难以想象中国会成为什么样的国家,以及中国人还是中国人吗?
《旧约》中的上帝是一个妒嫉心强、歧视同性恋和喜好杀人的恶霸,《圣穆传》中的先知穆罕默德是一个喜爱杀戮,否定异教徒,贬低女性和歧视同性恋的恋童癖,并且信徒是什么样的全世界周知他们所干的事...看完古兰经的我表示isis的行径真的与其中的教义所写的一模一样,也不知道所谓的温和穆斯林和白左黄左圣母在洗地什么。而我也喜欢看那些圣母没有办法反驳Sam Harris 和 Ben Shapiro对宗教的批判,却只能靠无谓的嘶吼和叫嚣来抵抗。
不管怎么说,作者观点无法苟同,中国人大多是有信仰的,但不是宗教信仰,这种信仰是中国人自己本身实用主义的态度和价值观的体现。这篇topic并没有没什么有价值的内容可供思考与研究,只能当学习新单词,好短语好句子了。
topic7,done!
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