近日，美国著名的辞典《韦氏英语词典》做了2019年的第一批次更新，新增了640个新词，而其中一些新词诠释了2019年网上交流方式。
Merriam-Webster's dictionary made 640 additions to its ever-expanding collection this April, including the widely-used phrases buzzy and EGOT. EGOT, an acronym for the Emmy, Grammy, Oscar and Tony Awards, refers to someone who has nabbed all four honors, while buzzy is defined as speculative or excited talk or attention.
4月，韦氏词典在它不断壮大的词库中又添加了640个新词，包括广泛使用的短语buzzy和EGOT。EGOT是艾美奖、格莱美奖、奥斯卡奖、托尼奖的首字母缩写，指囊括了所有这4个奖项的人，而buzzy是指引起话题或关注。
Quite a few of the words are so commonly used in pop culture, it seems surprising they haven't been added to the dictionary yet.
不少新增词汇中在流行文化中已经非常常用，令人惊讶的是它们此前却未被收录到词典中。
《韦氏英语词典》在自家博客上发布的通告所言：
The English language never sleeps, and neither does the dictionary. The work of revising a dictionary is constant, and it mirrors the culture’s need to make sense of the world with words. There are always new things to be named and new uses for existing words to be explained.
英语从来都不是沉睡不醒的状态，字典也是如此。修订字典的工作是不间断的，这反映出文化需要通过词语来展示世界。一直以来，新生的事物需要予以命名，而既有的词语会出现新的用法，需要解释说明。
例如，stan一词，大家都知道这个词的意思是“死忠粉丝”（或简称“忠通粉”）。
"stan," as in "we stan that person." Don't know what it means? Ask any given teenager, they'll be able to explain.
Stan一词，如“we stan that person”。不知道这是什么意思？随便问任何一个青少年，他们都能解释给你听。
另一个词swole也是类似的情况：
"Swole" is in there too, a popular internet term for a someone who's muscular.
Swole也收录，指的是肌肉发达的人。
Snowflake这个新词出人意料地有了更新了词义，且进入了政治领域，成为一个时髦的政治术语（ political catchall ））：
No longer does it just mean "little thing that falls from the sky when it's cold." As anyone who rants about politics on Twitter can tell you, snowflake officially also now means "someone regarded or treated as unique or special" or "someone who is overly sensitive." So, basically, anyone who doesn't agree with you during a Facebook argument.
它不再只是“天冷时从天上落下的小东西”。任何喜欢在推特上吐槽政治的人都可以告诉你，snowflake现在的正式词义还有“被视为独特、特别或用特别方式对待的人”以及“过分敏感的人”。基本上，你可以用来指代任何在脸书上和你唱反调的人。
Peak这个老词也是有了新义:
If you wanted to say, "reading stories about new dictionary entries is peak word-nerd behavior," you would be linguistically correct, by Merriam-Webster's standards.
如果你说，reading stories about new dictionary entries is peak word-nerd behavior（阅读关于词典新条目的文章是典型的词呆子的行为），根据韦伯词典的标准，你的语法没问题。
注：peak在这里的意思是“正当红的、被大量使用的、最引人注目的”（being at the height of popularity, use, or attention）
我们选取了几个新增词和短语给大家解释一下：
Garbage time
the final moments or minutes of a game in which one side has an insurmountable lead, substitutes often enter the game in place of starting players, and scoring is typically easier because of looser defensive play
一场比赛的最后几分钟，其中一方已经压倒性领先，替补队员上场换下首发队员，由于防守不严，此时得分通常更容易
Gender non-conforming
exhibiting behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits that do not correspond with the traits typically associated with one's sex
展现出与性别不相符的行为、文化或心理特征
Gig economy
economic activity that involves the use of temporary or freelance workers to perform jobs typically in the service sector
雇用临时工或自由职业者完成工作的经济活动，通常在服务业
Go-cup
a plastic or paper cup used especially for taking a beverage off the premises of a bar, restaurant, etc.
让你可以从酒吧、餐厅等场所带走饮料的塑料杯或纸杯
On-brand
appropriate to, typical of, consistent with, or supportive of a particular brand or public image or identity
与某个特定品牌、公共形象或身份相称、相符合或者支持某品牌的
Screen time
1. the amount of time someone or something appears on screen in a movie or television show
1. 某人或某物出现在荧幕上（电影或电视剧）的时间
2. time spent watching television, playing a video game, or using an electronic device with a screen (such as a smartphone or tablet)
2. 花在看电视、打游戏或电子设备（智能手机或平板电脑）上的时间
Top surgery
a type of gender confirmation surgery in which a person's breasts are removed or augmented to match their gender identity
为了和性别匹配而切掉乳房或隆胸的性别确认手术
Unplug
1. to temporarily refrain from using electronic devices (such as computers or smartphones)
1. 暂时克制自己不用电子设备（比如电脑或智能手机）
2. to temporarily withdraw from the responsibilities and obligations of everyday life (such as work or home duties)
2. 暂时放下日常生活的责任和义务（比如工作或家务）
以下这几个老词的新义，大家能看懂不？
Purple:
Extending the blending of red and blue to the metaphorical level, purple can now refer to geographical areas where voters are split between Democrats and Republicans.
Tailwind and headwind:
These words are now often used figuratively to refer to a force or influence that either helps or hinders progress.
Goldilocks:
Even a fairy tale can become a metaphor, and this new colorful definition, referring to the character whose preferred porridge is neither too hot nor too cold, has inspired astronomers to use it to describe “an area of planetary orbit in which temperatures are neither too hot nor too cold to support life.”
Bottle episode:
an inexpensively produced episode of a television series that is typically confined to one setting.
来源：韦氏英语词典博客&CHINA DAILY
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