Layer层核心动画-CAAnimation

作者: dogs_five | 来源:发表于2016-06-03 10:17 被阅读1747次

    这篇文章主要对layer层动画CAAnimation进行一个详解.
    CAAnimation是一个抽象类,我们不直接使用,我们使用的是其子类。

     CAAnimation三个子类:
        CAPropertyAnimation: CABasicAnimation(toValue/fromValue)
                             CAKeyFrameAnimation(values/path)
        CAtransition(type/subtype)
        CAGroupAnimation(animations)
    

    小括号中的是完成动画的核心属性,通过对属性的设置可以设置我们需要的动画效果。
    接下来上代码创建一个layer,通过storyboard添加几个按钮

    #import "ViewController.h"
    
    @interface ViewController ()
    @property (nonatomic,strong)CALayer *layer;
    
    @property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *viewA;
    @end
    
    @implementation ViewController
    
    - (void)viewDidLoad {
        [super viewDidLoad];
        [self settingLayer];
    }
    
    //创建一个layer对象
    //真正用来展示视图的是layer,但是layer没有用户交互。
    //透明度用opacity而不是alpha
    //中心点用position表示而不是center
    - (void)settingLayer{
        //1 创建layer对象
        self.layer = [[CALayer alloc]init];
        //2 设置属性
        //a frame
        self.layer.frame = CGRectMake(50, 600, 200, 200);
        //b 颜色
        self.layer.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
        //c 阴影
        self.layer.shadowColor = [UIColor blueColor].CGColor;
        //d 阴影偏移量
        self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(40, 40);
        //e 阴影透明度
    //    self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.6;
        //f 设置layer的图片
        self.layer.contents = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"1.jpg"].CGImage;
        //g 中心点
        self.layer.position = CGPointMake(50, 550);
        //h 锚点(取值范围[0,1],锚点相对于父视图的原点距离恒定,默认值(0.5,0.5))
        self.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0.5);
        //3 添加到layer层上
        [self.view.layer addSublayer:self.layer];
    }
    
    
    模拟器效果图.png
    #pragma mark CATransition
    - (IBAction)transition:(id)sender {
       //1 创建动画对象
        CATransition *trans = [CATransition animation];
        //2 设置动画属性
        trans.duration = 3;
        trans.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
        //3 设置动画效果(立方体效果)
        trans.type = @"cube";
        trans.subtype = @"fromLeft";
        //4 开始动画
        [self.layer addAnimation:trans forKey:nil];
    }
    
    CATransition效果 图.png CATransition的属性值.png

    通过设置type和subtype可以产生不同的效果,上图就是不同的属性值。这里也可以添加手势,通过滑动换图片类似于相册。

    #pragma mark property之BasicAnimation改变位置
    - (IBAction)basicPosition:(id)sender {
        //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
        CABasicAnimation *basic = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
        //2 设置属性
        basic.duration = 1.5;
        basic.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
        basic.autoreverses = YES;
        basic.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(300, 250, 100, 100)];
        //3 添加动画
        [self.layer addAnimation:basic forKey:nil];
    }
    #pragma mark property之BasicAnimation改变大小
    - (IBAction)basicFrame:(id)sender {
        CABasicAnimation *basic = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"bounds"];
        basic.duration = 1;
        basic.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
        basic.autoreverses = YES;
        //设置动画之后的效果
        [basic setRemovedOnCompletion:NO];
        basic.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
        //动画最终大小
        basic.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(50, 50, 250, 250)];
        [self.layer addAnimation:basic forKey:nil];
    }
    
    #pragma mark property之关键帧动画values
    - (IBAction)keyFrameValue:(id)sender {
        //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
        CAKeyframeAnimation *key = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position.x"];
        //2 设置属性
        key.duration = 1;
        key.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
        key.autoreverses = YES;
        //3 设置动画效果
        CGFloat c = self.layer.position.x;
        CGFloat l = self.layer.position.x - 50;
        CGFloat r = self.layer.position.x + 50;
        //移动轨迹(可以随意给)
        key.values = @[@(c),@(l),@(c),@(r),@(r+100)];
        //4 添加动画
        [self.layer addAnimation:key forKey:nil];
        
    }
    #pragma mark property之关键帧动画贝塞尔曲线
    - (IBAction)keyFramePath:(id)sender {
        //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
        CAKeyframeAnimation *key = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
        //2设置动画属性
        key.duration = 2;
        key.repeatCount = 1;
        [key setRemovedOnCompletion:NO];
        //3 设置动画路径
        //1 创建路径
        CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();
        //2 设置起始点
        CGPathMoveToPoint(path, nil, 50, 600);
        //3路径值可以随意设置,图片移动会跟随提供的值而变化
        CGPathAddCurveToPoint(path, nil, 10, 200, 350, 500,10, 10);
        //4设置曲线路径
        key.path = path;
       //4 添加动画
        [self.layer addAnimation:key forKey:nil];
    }
    

    最后一个动画 CAGroupAnimation(animations)没有写。它其实就是将几个动画效果融合在一起通过annimations这个参数,譬如,一边移动位置一遍改变大小。

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      本文标题:Layer层核心动画-CAAnimation

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