Layer层核心动画-CAAnimation

作者: dogs_five | 来源:发表于2016-06-03 10:17 被阅读1747次

这篇文章主要对layer层动画CAAnimation进行一个详解.
CAAnimation是一个抽象类,我们不直接使用,我们使用的是其子类。

 CAAnimation三个子类:
    CAPropertyAnimation: CABasicAnimation(toValue/fromValue)
                         CAKeyFrameAnimation(values/path)
    CAtransition(type/subtype)
    CAGroupAnimation(animations)

小括号中的是完成动画的核心属性,通过对属性的设置可以设置我们需要的动画效果。
接下来上代码创建一个layer,通过storyboard添加几个按钮

#import "ViewController.h"

@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic,strong)CALayer *layer;

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *viewA;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    [self settingLayer];
}

//创建一个layer对象
//真正用来展示视图的是layer,但是layer没有用户交互。
//透明度用opacity而不是alpha
//中心点用position表示而不是center
- (void)settingLayer{
    //1 创建layer对象
    self.layer = [[CALayer alloc]init];
    //2 设置属性
    //a frame
    self.layer.frame = CGRectMake(50, 600, 200, 200);
    //b 颜色
    self.layer.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;
    //c 阴影
    self.layer.shadowColor = [UIColor blueColor].CGColor;
    //d 阴影偏移量
    self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(40, 40);
    //e 阴影透明度
//    self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.6;
    //f 设置layer的图片
    self.layer.contents = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"1.jpg"].CGImage;
    //g 中心点
    self.layer.position = CGPointMake(50, 550);
    //h 锚点(取值范围[0,1],锚点相对于父视图的原点距离恒定,默认值(0.5,0.5))
    self.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0.5);
    //3 添加到layer层上
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:self.layer];
}

模拟器效果图.png
#pragma mark CATransition
- (IBAction)transition:(id)sender {
   //1 创建动画对象
    CATransition *trans = [CATransition animation];
    //2 设置动画属性
    trans.duration = 3;
    trans.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
    //3 设置动画效果(立方体效果)
    trans.type = @"cube";
    trans.subtype = @"fromLeft";
    //4 开始动画
    [self.layer addAnimation:trans forKey:nil];
}
CATransition效果 图.png CATransition的属性值.png

通过设置type和subtype可以产生不同的效果,上图就是不同的属性值。这里也可以添加手势,通过滑动换图片类似于相册。

#pragma mark property之BasicAnimation改变位置
- (IBAction)basicPosition:(id)sender {
    //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
    CABasicAnimation *basic = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
    //2 设置属性
    basic.duration = 1.5;
    basic.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
    basic.autoreverses = YES;
    basic.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(300, 250, 100, 100)];
    //3 添加动画
    [self.layer addAnimation:basic forKey:nil];
}
#pragma mark property之BasicAnimation改变大小
- (IBAction)basicFrame:(id)sender {
    CABasicAnimation *basic = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"bounds"];
    basic.duration = 1;
    basic.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
    basic.autoreverses = YES;
    //设置动画之后的效果
    [basic setRemovedOnCompletion:NO];
    basic.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
    //动画最终大小
    basic.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:CGRectMake(50, 50, 250, 250)];
    [self.layer addAnimation:basic forKey:nil];
}

#pragma mark property之关键帧动画values
- (IBAction)keyFrameValue:(id)sender {
    //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
    CAKeyframeAnimation *key = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position.x"];
    //2 设置属性
    key.duration = 1;
    key.repeatCount = HUGE_VAL;
    key.autoreverses = YES;
    //3 设置动画效果
    CGFloat c = self.layer.position.x;
    CGFloat l = self.layer.position.x - 50;
    CGFloat r = self.layer.position.x + 50;
    //移动轨迹(可以随意给)
    key.values = @[@(c),@(l),@(c),@(r),@(r+100)];
    //4 添加动画
    [self.layer addAnimation:key forKey:nil];
    
}
#pragma mark property之关键帧动画贝塞尔曲线
- (IBAction)keyFramePath:(id)sender {
    //1 创建动画对象,参数决定动画效果,不能随便设置
    CAKeyframeAnimation *key = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
    //2设置动画属性
    key.duration = 2;
    key.repeatCount = 1;
    [key setRemovedOnCompletion:NO];
    //3 设置动画路径
    //1 创建路径
    CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();
    //2 设置起始点
    CGPathMoveToPoint(path, nil, 50, 600);
    //3路径值可以随意设置,图片移动会跟随提供的值而变化
    CGPathAddCurveToPoint(path, nil, 10, 200, 350, 500,10, 10);
    //4设置曲线路径
    key.path = path;
   //4 添加动画
    [self.layer addAnimation:key forKey:nil];
}

最后一个动画 CAGroupAnimation(animations)没有写。它其实就是将几个动画效果融合在一起通过annimations这个参数,譬如,一边移动位置一遍改变大小。

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