（杨老师SAT阅读笔记）为人师表，是授业还是解惑？

（杨老师SAT阅读笔记）为人师表，是授业还是解惑？

中国传统的教育理念很简单：授业解惑。

授业者，传播灌输知识，文史哲数理化也；

解惑者，激起学生的好奇心，向这个世界提出一万个为什么。

随着时代的商品化和信息碎片化，为人师表的授业解惑开始分道扬镳，各执一词。

鼓吹以授业为己任的教育工作者的理念是：

I became a teacher because it was the noblest profession I could think of. Get this: 

我为人师表，因为我认为它是我想象中最崇高的职业。听好了：

I impart knowledge. I am responsible for instilling the foundation in the next generation of professionals and leaders. It all sounds very romantic, but the job comes down to an ability to simplify and explain those concepts that make up the core curriculum.

我传授知识。我负责给下一代灌输专才和领袖的基本功。这听起来很理想主义，但工夫是落实在简化和阐明构成核心课程的诸概念。

If I cannot communicate clearly with my students, if I cannot come to their level and make the instruction relevant and accessible, then I fail.

要是我无法与我的学生们沟通清楚，无法从他们那个层次上把课讲得通俗易懂，那我就是失败的。

In the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson: "The man who can make hard things easy is the educator." And that is my job. My philosophy relies on giving your children the best possible start. I am the opener of doors.

按爱默生的话就是：“为人师表，就是能够删繁就简化难为易。”这就是我的职责。我的理念就是让你们的孩子有一个良好的开端。我是他们的开门砖。

I believe in providing an optimal learning environment to attack the core subjects rigorously, allowing each student to walk out feeling confident and prepared, whether it be for graduation tests, college-entrance exams, or the job market. So my skill is just this: I bridge the gap between student and textbook.

我信奉营造一个最佳的学习环境，全力以赴攻克核心课程，让这里每一位学生，无论是去参加毕业考试，大学入学考试或是进入职场，都是有备而来信心十足。因此，我只有一种本事：成为学生与课本之间的桥梁。

As a compassionate and passionate educator, I know the competition your child faces. I am interested in breaking down the barriers that intimidate students and providing the path that will get them better college offers, better careers, and most significantly, a better quality of life.

作为一名激情澎湃的为人师表者，我清楚你们的孩子面临什么样的竞争。我很喜欢驱除孩子面前的拦路虎，带他们走上被更好的学校录取，有更好的职业的阳光大道，更重要的是，让他们过上更好的生活。

To do this, I adopt a perspective of peak preparation at all costs. My classroom is responsible for instilling the concepts and skills that be tested and evaluated, and it is a responsibility that I do not take lightly. It is these standards and basics—which every student of mine will come to know and understand—that often determine a student's future success. Because I take my position as educator so seriously, you can trust me to have your child ready for the next step.

为此目标，我着眼于不惜一切代价为最好的做准备。我的课堂负责灌输那些即将被考试被评估的概念与技能。对这项责任我不敢掉以轻心。这些标准和基本功我所有的学生都会学到并掌握，因为往往就是它们注定了学生今后的成败。因为我严肃对待我为人师表的职责，所以你们可以放心，你们的孩子会为下一步做好准备。

。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。

上面这种理念，应该就是现在充斥着大街小巷的各种补习学校应试教育的理论基础。

再来看看倡导解惑的教育理念：

Teachers have one true job: to inspire. Educate comes from the Latin word educare meaning "bring out and lead forth;" therefore, it is the duty of the teacher to open the minds of students and to guide them into new places.

为人师表的真正职责是：解惑。“教育”一词源自拉丁词“educare”, 意思是：“带出来，向前走”。因此，老师的职责在于开启学生的心智，引导他们走向未知领域。

It is not nearly as important to divulge knowledge as it is to stimulate a desire and love for the thing itself. Teaching, when done properly, allows a second chance for students to contemplate those values and beliefs that have been imparted to them. In venturing to these new places, teachers have the opportunity to unleash active and independent-thinking humans.

如饥似渴地吸收知识，远没有激发起对事物本身的欲求与热爱来得重要。教学得当，就是让学生们有机会再度审度已经传授给他们的那些价值观和信念。在探索这些未知领域时，老师有机会让这些活跃并独立思考的人信马由缰。

Consider the average student, constantly told what to believe and how to act—a robotic imitator of cultural values and societal standards. Yet, the teacher has the  power to make all the difference. The teacher is the opener of the dormant mind,  the bringer of the epiphany, the supplier of the moment of change.

就拿一名普通学生来说吧。他老被灌输各种理念和行为准则，成了一名文化价值和社会规范的机械模仿者。不过，老师有改变这一切的力量。老师可以发聋振聩，醍醐灌顶，别开生面。

A classroom that  fails to challenge a student's fundamental principles and create a hunger for lifetime learning fails altogether. Whether teaching the humanities or the sciences, the educator is the one who lays out a puzzle and pilots instances of profound, sublime enlightenment. A student lucky enough to study under a true teacher is never satisfied, but instead is relentlessly looking for answers.

一个课堂，如果不能挑战学生的基本原则，不能激起活到老学到老的如饥似渴精神，那就是一个完全失败的课堂。一位老师，无论是教文科或理科，都要罗列未知领域，展示先例，给学生以深邃高阶的启蒙。

It is through inspiration that a teacher teaches a student to think. Educating is not the business of memorization but the business of inquiry. The student-teacher dichotomy is one of reciprocated wonderment with each party undergoing continuous improvement. And an effective instructor is merely the one responsible for that  curiosity in the minds of his or her students.. It was Robert Frost who said, "I am not a  teacher, but an awakener."

为人师表者，正是通过解惑而教会学生如何思考。教育不是死记硬背，而是上下求索。学生-老师一分为二合二为一，是一个教学相长的奇妙过程。为人师表，只不过就是负责激发学生的好奇心。按罗伯特弗洛斯特的话，就是：“我不是好为人师，我只是发聋振聩。”

家长们，你们喜欢哪一种老师？

老师们，你们喜欢哪一种理念？