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There is a marked difference between the education which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young. In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
Question 1
The value of a social institution is assessed评定 by ______.
[A] its difference between incidental education and deliberate one
[B] whether it naturally benefits one living with others
✔[C] its function concerning enriching what one undergoes
[D] whether it serves as a positive force in one’s original motive
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Question 2
Please translate the sentences into Chinese.心塞呀,这篇文章又是某位大神翻译的,自己感觉完全没有读懂它的意思,不知道是因为单词不认识还是。句子的成分没有理清。
There is a marked difference between
the education (which everyone gets from living with others,) and the deliberate educating of the young. 每个人从和他生活在一起的其他人身上获得的教育和幼年时期刻意的教育有显著的不同。↓
不经意地在相处中彼此学习与有意识地对年轻人进行的教育这两种教育形式之间有着显著的差别。
In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. 在前者情况下,教育是偶然的;它是自然的和重要的,但是它并没有解释联系的原因。↓
前一种情况下的教育是偶然的,自然而然地发生,并且也起了很重要的作用,但是这并不是人们参加社团活动的确切原因。
It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. 可以说任何社会制度的价值的衡量是它在扩大和提升经历上的影响,但是这种影响并不是它原始推动力的一部分。↓
虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生经历方面所起的作用,但这种作用并非建立社会机构的初衷。
逐句解读↓
第一句
[1] There is a marked difference between the education [2] which everyone gets from living with others, and the deliberate educating of the young.
必备词汇
marked [mɑ:kt] adj. 显著的,著名的
deliberate [dɪˈlɪbərət] adj. 故意的,蓄意的,有意识的
句子结构
[1] 主句(there be)
谓:There is 有
主:a marked difference 显著的差别
定:between the education …, and the deliberate educating of the young 在……教育与有意识地对青年人进行教育之间
译文:……教育与有意识地对年轻人进行的教育,这两种教育形式之间有着显著的差别
[2] 修饰the education的定语从句(S+V+O)
宾:which 教育
主:everyone 每个人
谓:gets 得到
状:from living with others 从与他人相处过程中
译文:(每个人)(不经意地)在相处中彼此学习(的教育)
本句译文
不经意地在相处中彼此学习与有意识地对年轻人进行的教育这两种教育形式之间有着显著的差别。
第二句
[1] In the former case the education is incidental; [2] it is natural and important, [3] but it is not the express reason of the association.
句子结构
本句为分句[1][2][3]组成的并列句
[1](S+LV+P)
状:In the former case 前一种情况下
主:the education 教育
系:is 是
表:incidental 偶然的
译文:前一种情况下的教育是偶然的
[2](S+LV+P)
主:it 教育
系:is 是
表:natural and important 自然而然(发生的),重要的
译文:(教育是)自然而然地发生,并且也起了很重要的作用
[3](S+LV+P)
连:but 但是
主:it 这
系:is not不是
表:the express reason of the association (人们参加)社团(活动)的确切原因
译文:但是这并不是人们参加社团活动的确切原因
本句译文
前一种情况下的教育是偶然的,自然而然地发生,并且也起了很重要的作用,但是这并不是人们参加社团活动的确切原因。
第三句
[1] It may be said [2] that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; [3] but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
句子结构
分句[1]+[2]与分句[3]为并列关系
[1] 主句(S+V)
主:It 形式主语
谓:may be said 可以说
译文:(我们)可以说
[2] 主语从句(S+LV+P)
引:that
主:the measure (of the worth (of any social institution)) 对任何社会机构的价值的衡量
系:is 是
表:its effect (in enlarging and improving experience); 其在扩大和改进经验方面的作用
译文:衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生经历方面所起的作用
[3] 并列分句(S+LV+P)
连:but 但
主:this effect 这种作用
系:is not 不是
表:a part of its original motive 其最初动机的部分
译文:但这种作用并非(建立)社会机构的初衷
本句译文
虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生经历方面所起的作用,但这种作用并非建立社会机构的初衷。
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