写在前面：英文学习的一个重要方法，就是多做翻译练习，找到优质译文，进行对比，不断提高。勤总结，反复咀嚼。
坚持久了，英文水平就逐渐上去了。我自己每天都坚持翻译一篇文章，原文来自BBC、the economist、Fortune等杂志。
建议大家在学习翻译前，先阅读一些英汉语言对比方面的理论书籍，了解英汉两种语言所存在的差异，让自己的译文地道流畅。
这篇文章，摘自Fortune，抽工作间歇翻译完，分享出来，供大家参考，有些段落下，我列出了中英文之间的语言差异，大家可以看看。
多掌握一门语言，就多打开了一个世界，望大家坚持学习，一起进步。
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President Trump’s “fire and fury” commenthas solicited an even stronger verbal retaliation from North Korea. A few hours after the president issued his warning, North Korea reacted with a threat of a missile strike on the U.S. Pacific territory of Guam. And Trump has not backed down, wondering Thursday afternoon if his previous warning “wasn’t tough enough.”
美国总统特朗普8月10日表示，朝鲜将“遭遇世界从未见过的的火与怒”，这遭到了朝鲜方面更为强烈的口头反击。总统先生发表言论几小时后，朝鲜方面作出回应，威胁将对美国关岛基地进行导弹袭击。特朗普并未退让，周四下午还寻思着，自己之前的警告是否“还不够强硬”。
翻译总结:
1.补充背景知识。做翻译，可以积累大量背景性的材料，适当的时候，可以适当补充。
- 英语爱用名词，中文多用动词，中英语言的巨大差异为“动静之别“，因此在英汉翻译中，将英文中的名词转化为动词，就非常普遍。如retaliation、threat等。
To assess the real probability of war requires an accurate understandingof the U.S. capability and political will to launch a preemptive strike on North Korea. No one questions that U.S. has such technical capability. However, it is the political, military, economic, and diplomatic consequences of such an attack that makes it an undesired option.
要想评估战争发生的真实概率，就得准确理解美国先发制人对朝鲜发动攻击的能力及政治意愿。美国具备这样的技术能力，这一点，没人怀疑。但是，由此导致的政治、军事、经济、外交等方面的影响，使得战争并非一个受欢迎的选择。
The disastrous result of a preemptive strike on North Korea is well understoodamong policy-makers and military analysts. Conventional wisdom holds that first, without being provoked, the U.S. would not lightly resort to such an extreme option; and second, North Korea as a “rational actor” will not provoke the U.S., an act of suicide. However, what people are indeed concerned with is whether the president’s verbal spat with Pyongyang could lead to North Korea’s serious miscalculation of U.S. intention, and whether the U.S. will stumble into a nuclear war with North Korea inadvertently.
决策者和军事分析师清楚地知道，抢先对朝鲜发动进攻将产生灾难性后果。第一，按照传统观点，要不是被触怒，美国也不会轻易诉诸极端手段；第二，作为“理性行动者”的朝鲜，也不会激美国走这一步，因为这无异于自杀。然而，大家真正担心的是，特朗普与平壤政府之间的口舌之争，是否会令朝鲜方面严重错误评估了美方的意图，以至于无意间让美国陷入与朝鲜的核战争之中。
翻译总结：1、英文爱用被动句，中文多用主动句，因此，英译中的过程中，需要适当将英文中的被动转化为主动。
It’s clear that the military option comes with significant risk. A U.S. preemptive strike, namely a targeted nuclear attack to take out North Korea’s nuclear weapons, would invite all-out retaliation by North Korea against South Korea, Japan, and U.S. troops in the region. With the massive conventional artilleries deployed near the Korean Demilitarized Zone, North Korea would inflict major casualties on the South.
很明显，诉诸军事行动伴有严重的后果。美国先发制人，即对朝鲜进行精准核打击以毁灭朝鲜的核武器，就会引起朝鲜对韩国、日本以及这些地区美军的全面报复。在朝韩非军事地区，朝鲜部署了大量常规炮火部队，会对韩国造成重大伤亡。
翻译总结：将被动转换为主动。
If the U.S. resorts to a preemptive strike on North Korea without consultationand agreement from Seoul, the costs to South Korea would have a critically damaging effect over the U.S.-South Korea alliance, even possibly lead to its dissolution. Considering President Moon Jae-in’s interest in engagement with North Korea, it would be highly unlikely for South Korea to support a U.S. decision to launch a targeted nuclear attack on the North.
如果美国没有知会韩国并征得首尔政府的同意，就抢先对朝鲜发动攻击的话，那对韩国造成的损失势必会对美韩联盟产生严重破坏性影响，甚至有可能导致美韩联盟的瓦解。考虑到韩国总统文在寅有意与朝鲜接触，韩国方面支持美国对朝鲜发动精准核打击简直就不可能。
翻译总结：将英文中的名词翻译成汉语中的动词。
A U.S. preemptive strike on North Korea would also likely invite Chinese intervention. The Sino-North Korea Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance Treaty commits China to North Korea’s defense in the event of foreign aggression. Although the validity of the 56-year old treaty is constantly debated, few doubt that China would intervene to defend its perceived national interests in the Korean Peninsula, including the preservation of a North Korean state and the prevention of a South Korea-led unification. It would put U.S. and China directly on a collision course and could lead to another Korean War.
美国对朝鲜的打击还有可能导致中国的介入。《中朝友好合作互助条约》规定，当朝鲜面临外国入侵时，中国将采取保护行动。虽然时常有人质疑这份已经签订了56年的条约是否还具有效力，但没有人怀疑中国届时将参与此事，捍卫其在朝鲜半岛的利益，包括保留朝鲜这个国家，阻止韩国一统朝鲜半岛。这会让中美两国产生直接冲突，导致另一场朝鲜战争。
Clear signaling is necessary in dealing with North Korea and its leader, Kim Jong-un. Since no one can predict Kim’s next move with full confidence, the U.S. should send clear signals and warnings on the dire consequences to deter any ill-contemplated provocation by North Korea. The need to deter requires the preparedness for a preemptive strike and clear messaging to Pyongyang. Nevertheless, there is always the danger that the effort to deter North Korean attack might be misinterpreted and lead to the precise situation that it sets out to prevent.
在于朝鲜及其领袖金正恩进行交涉时，必须传达明确的信号。因为没人有十足把握金正恩下一步会采取什么举动，美国需要发出明确信号及严重后果的警告，以阻止朝鲜由于错误估计形势而做出挑衅行为。为了成功阻止，这就需要美国对先发制人的打击做好充足准备，同时，向朝鲜政府传达明确信号。不过，此举仍有风险，阻止朝鲜的努力可能遭到朝鲜方面的误解，最终引发本来打算避免的情况。
This is also exactly why we are seeing so much debate over the military options on North Korea. No one sees it as a desired option, yet no one can take the option off the table. I don’t believe a preemptive strike, or a nuclear war with North Korea, is imminent. And I don’t believe either the U.S. or North Korea are intentionally pushing for a war. Nevertheless, with loose rhetoric backed by powerful weapons, the danger exists.
这就是为什么我们看到这么多人对朝鲜动用武力争论颇多的原因所在。没有人将动武视为好的选择，但也没人能排除这个选择。我不认为美国会在短时间内率先对朝鲜采取军事行动，发动核战争。我也不相信美方和朝方有意选择开战。不过，鉴于各自令人琢磨不透的言辞及其背后作为支撑的强大武器，战争爆发的可能性依旧存在。
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