据中华人民共和国常驻联合国代表团网站消息,7月9日上午,耿爽大使出席安理会审议联合国驻西非和萨赫勒地区办事处工作视频公开会,呼吁国际抗击疫情。
今天这篇文章就挑选这篇讲话中的几段内容,拆解一下翻译思路,适用于政府公文这种风格的文体翻译。
原文
西部非洲和萨赫勒地区形势保持总体稳定,但该地区仍面临严峻安全挑战。
“(经济)形势总体稳定,但……仍面临严峻的(风险/挑战)。”这样的句子在政府工作报告中很常见,我们只要把往年的报告中这样的句式翻译都提炼出来,后面套在不同的原文里就好。比如:
特别是就业形势总体稳定,城镇新增就业1312万人,超过全年预期目标,成为经济运行的一大特点。
Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over teh course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.
——2016年政府工作报告
同主要大国关系总体稳定,同周边国家关系全面发展,同发展中国家团结合作纽带更加牢固。
China's relations with other major countries remained generally stable, our relations with neighboring countries saw all-round growth, and our bond of unity and cooperation with other developing countries grew stronger.
——2019年政府工作报告
经济运行总体平稳
The economy remained stable overall.
——2020年政府工作报告
从上面三个句子,我们可以提炼出“(形式)总体稳定”的常用句式:
...(situation/relations/economy) remained stable (overall/generally).
基于此,前半句可以这样翻译:
西部非洲和萨赫勒地区形势保持总体稳定。
The overall situation in West Africa and the Sahel remains stable.
再找后半句的平行文本,比如:
我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。
In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.
——2016年政府工作报告
我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。
China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.
——2017年政府工作报告
从上面两个句子,我们可以提炼出“(发展)面临严峻挑战/风险”的常用句式:
Sth's development has faced grave challenges/risks/dangers...
Sth has encountered/faced difficulties/challenges (in its development)
基于这两个平行文本,后半句话可以这样翻译:
But the region has still faced grave challenges.
也可以继续用主系表结构:
But security challenges remain grave.
原文
新冠肺炎疫情更是对地区经济社会发展造成不利影响,给地区形势带来新的复杂因素。
“造成(严重/不利)影响/危害/风险”,可以用的词组比如:
... pose severe risks to...
比如:
……对各国经济社会发展造成严重危害,大家必须合力应对。
They pose severe risks to economic and social development of all countries and thus require a joint response.
也可以直接用damage, undermine, deal a huge blow to这种表示“破坏”的词做谓语,比如:
此次事件已对乒乓球运动的国际形象与完整造成了严重影响
... as this has damaged the image and the integrity of table tennis globally
“因素”这种属于搭配词,真正的主体在“复杂”,所以类似于“不确定因素”、“不稳定因素”、“复杂因素”这样的搭配中,“因素”是可以不译的,翻译“不确定”、“不稳定”、“复杂”(可视句子情况改为名词性),比如:
人类面临的不稳定不确定因素依然很多
Humankind still faces many isntabilities and uncertainties.
不稳定不确定因素明显增加
Instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing
当然,如果一定要带上factors也可以,将上述名词改为形容词性即可:
destabilizing factors
然后可以对这句话做一个意群拆分:
疫情(主语)影响(谓语1)发展(宾语1),带来(谓语2)复杂(宾语2)
这样就能很轻松地写出译文啦:
COVID-19 has undermined the region's economic and social development and added another layer of complexity to the regional situation.
原文
目前,疫情仍在西非和萨赫勒地区扩散蔓延。
“扩散”和“蔓延”属于同义复用,我们在2020政府工作报告是怎么翻译出来的?(笔记已更新完结)学习群中多次强调,这种“同义复用”只要翻译其中一词即可。
“目前”,可以放在句子的谓语时态中体现,用一般现在时:
COVID-19 continues to spread in the region.
原文
办事处的当务之急是密切关注地区疫情发展情况,深入分析疫情影响,帮助地区国家提高防疫意识和抗疫能力,加强卫生体系建设,更好保护人民生命安全和身体健康,并缓解疫情对地区国家带来的冲击和负面影响。
“当务之急是……”,记住以下几个句型,都可以用:
The top priority is to ...
The task (we now face) is to...
It is imperative that/to...
后面连续出现好几个动词:关注、分析、帮助、加强、保护、缓解。如果全部堆砌成并列平行结构,句子的层次感就会很弱。
关于长句子的划分,我们之前分享过这样一个案例:
中方始终秉持人类命运共同体理念,本着公开、透明、负责任态度,及时同世卫组织和国际社会分享信息,积极回应各方关切,加强国际合作,防止疫情在世界扩散蔓延。
China has always adhered to(核心谓语动词) the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind and( “秉持”和“本着”同义项合并,共用一个动词) an attitude of openness, transparency and responsibility, sharing(表伴随) information with the WHO and the international community in a timely manner as well as(替换and) actively responding to(与sharing 并列) the concerns of various sides and strengthening(与sharing、responding to并列) international cooperation, so as to prevent(表目的) the epidemic from spreading around the world.
此处可以借鉴这样的拆分思路:
The priority for UNOWAS is to(“当务之急”的框架) closely monitor the evolving pandemic situation, assess its impact, and help regional countries raise awareness and preparedness,(表伴随) strengthening their health system, so as to(表目的) protect people's life and health and mitigate the impact of the outbreak.
提供一种思路供参考。抛砖引玉。
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