在这篇来自《经济学人》的文章中，作者论述了剧透对于影视作品剧情的负面影响，以及剧透对人们的观影体验可能会有的正面影响。
629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
Today, writers and film-makers are obsessed with spoilers. Anthony and Joseph Russo, the directors of Marvel films, have issued statements requesting that fans not ruin them for others. Audiences are zealous about the matter, too. One fan was assaulted outside a screening of “Avengers: Endgame” for “loudly revealing” the movie’s outcome.
如今，编剧和电影制作人都被剧透这件事所困扰。漫威系列电影的导演安东尼·罗素和约瑟夫·罗素已经发表声明，要求粉丝为了其它还没看电影的观众（着想），不要毁掉电影。观众对打击剧透这件事也十分积极。一名漫威的影迷曾在电影《复仇者联盟 4：终局之战》的放映厅外遭到袭击，因为他“大声地透露”了电影的结局。
1.spoiler/ˈspɔɪlər/
n.（影视作品公开发行前）重要情节的曝光
词根词缀：-er（做...动作的人）
词性拓展：spoil（v. 破坏，毁坏）
搭配短语：spoiler alert
2.storytelling/ˈstɔːritelɪŋ/
n. 故事创作
相关词汇：story（n. 故事）；tell（v. 讲述）
4.be obsessed with
受...困扰的；对...痴迷的
相关词汇：obsess（v. 使着迷；使困扰）
obsess 英文释义：If sth. or sb. obsesses you, you think or worry about them all the time.
obsess 例句：A lot of young girls are obsessed by their weight.
5.zealous/ˈzeləs/
629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
词性拓展：zeal（n. 热情）
词根词缀：-ous（有...特性的，有...性质的）
6.assault/əˈsɔːlt/
v. 袭击，攻击
近义词：attack（v. 攻击）
搭配短语：sexual assault
词义辨析
assault, attack
虽然 assault 和 attack 都有“袭击，攻击”的意思，但 assault 更多用于对他人身体的侵犯，而且是可以构成犯罪的侵犯，比如 sexual assault（性侵犯），attack 则没有这层含义。
7.screening/ˈskriːnɪŋ/
n.（电影）放映；（电视节目）播放
词性拓展：screen（v. 放映）
Film-makers realised that fans were invested in the surprise and pandered to them. The Russo brothers begging viewers not to ruin the Avengers films probably helped them to secure the biggest opening weekend in film history. See it now, that seemed to say, or have someone else spoil it for you.
电影制作人意识到影迷们非常关注电影所带来的惊喜，并迎合了他们的这种倾向。罗素兄弟恳求观众不要毁掉复仇者联盟系列电影，这可能帮助他们获得了电影史上首映周末的最高票房。这一切似乎在说，现在就去看电影，要么你就会被别人剧透。
8.be invested in sth.
非常关心某事；愿意为某事花费时间和精力
英文释义：to have given a lot of time and effort to something and care about it very much
9.pander/ˈpændər/
v. 迎合，逢迎
搭配短语：pander to sb.
搭配短语：to pander to sb.’s wishes
10.secure/sɪˈkjʊr/
629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
例句：His achievements helped him secure the job.
11.opening/ˈoʊpənɪŋ/
n.（某一事件或活动的）开幕仪式；首映
However, this attitude stifles proper discussion of stories by critics as much as viewers, and it inflicts damage on storytelling as a craft. By promoting one technique, the twist, and one effect, surprise, stories get bent out of shape. They try too hard to counter expectation and resist predictability.
然而，这样的态度压制了影评人对剧情的适度讨论，也同样抑制了观众进行这样的讨论，并且让故事创作这门艺术遭到损害。通过推崇转折的手法和惊喜的效果，剧情变得面目全非。他们在出乎观众的意料，以及让电影不可预料上，用力过猛了。
12.stifle/ˈstaɪfl/ v. 阻止；压制
同义词：suppress（v. 压制）
搭配短语：stifle a yawn
13.inflict/ɪnˈflɪkt/ v. 使遭受629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
搭配短语：inflict sth. on sth./sb.
14.craft/kræft/ n. 工艺，手艺；技术
搭配短语：the craft of furniture making
搭配短语：literary crafts
15.twist/twɪst/ n. 转折，变化
搭配短语：a twist in the scandal
get bent out of shape
（被弄得）奇形怪状的
相关词汇：bend（v. 弯曲的）
相关词汇：get（v. 处于某种状态）
16.predictability/prɪˌdɪktəˈbɪləti/
n. （某事）可被预测
词性拓展：predictable (adj.)
Stories that promote surprise over character end up as mere soap opera, a series of sensational shocks. That corrodes credibility, while some reveals do not so much blow minds as waste time. More significant than all of this, though, is the fact that surprise is overrated.
一味推崇剧情反转，而不注重角色塑造的剧本，到头来不过是变成了由一系列耸人听闻的冲击构成的肥皂剧。这损害了故事的可信度。同时，有些剧情的披露与其说是震撼人心，不如说是浪费时间。不过，比这些都重要的是，电影中的惊喜被过分看重了。
17.sensational/senˈseɪʃənl/
adj. 轰动性的；吸引人的
词性拓展：sensation（n. 感官刺激；轰动）
搭配短语：sensational newspaper stories
例句：Their show was a sensational success.
18.corrode/kəˈroʊd/
v.（使）腐蚀；侵蚀
英文释义：to gradually make something weaker
例句：Bitterness is corroding his spirit.
19.credibility/ˌkredəˈbɪləti/
n. 可信性；可靠性
词性拓展：credible（adj. 可信的）
20.not so much A as B
与其说是 A，不如说是 B629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
例句：I don't feel sad so much as angry.
21.overrate/ˌoʊvərˈreɪt/
v. 高估，对...评价太高
相关词汇：over（prep. 在...上面；额外）
相关词汇：rate（v. 评价）
例句：Some actors' work has been overrated.
A study carried out by Jonathan Leavitt and Nicholas Christenfeld in 2011 found that knowing how the story ends doesn’t hamper enjoyment — it increases it. In other words, spoilers don’t spoil anything.
乔纳森·莱维特和尼古拉斯·克里斯坦菲尔德在 2011 年进行了一项研究。这项研究表明，知道故事如何终结并不减少人们观影的乐趣，反而会使这种乐趣增加。换句话说，剧透不会毁掉任何事情。
22.hamper/ˈhæmpər/
629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
英文释义：to make it difficult for someone to do something
例句：She tried to run to the metro station, but was hampered by her heavy suitcase.
补充词汇知识
issue v. 发布
搭配短语：issue statements
critic n. 评论家
词性拓展：criticize（v. 评论，评判）
promote v. 促进；推广
counter v. 反对，对抗
predictability n. 可预测性
相关词汇：predict（v. 预测）
相关词汇：predictable（adj. 可预测的）
sth. over sth.
某物的重要性高于某物
搭配短语：mind over matter
end up
最后成为；以...告终
搭配短语：end up as sth.
soap opera
肥皂剧
blow sb.’s mind
使感到极度兴奋（或激动）
例句：Seeing her again really blew my mind.补充词汇知识
629流利阅读：剧透正在毁掉故事创作？
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