【Thread源码】join源码及使用

作者: 秀叶寒冬 | 来源:发表于2019-07-18 21:12 被阅读14次

    1 join源码

    /**
         * Waits for this thread to die.
         *等待当前线程死亡(指的是主线程等待当前线程死亡)
         * <p> An invocation of this method behaves in exactly the same
         * way as the invocation
         *
         * <blockquote>
         * {@linkplain #join(long) join}{@code (0)}
         * </blockquote>
         *
         * @throws  InterruptedException
         *          if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
         *          <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
         *          cleared when this exception is thrown.
         */
        public final void join() throws InterruptedException {
            join(0);
        }
    
    
        /**
         * Waits at most {@code millis} milliseconds for this thread to
         * die. A timeout of {@code 0} means to wait forever.
         *此线程最多等待指定秒数。如果参数为0,则无限期等待下去,所以无参的join是无限期等待下去(主线程等待),直到调用它的线程(使用对象.join的线程)完成线程里的任务为止。
         *
         * <p> This implementation uses a loop of {@code this.wait} calls
         * conditioned on {@code this.isAlive}. As a thread terminates the
         * {@code this.notifyAll} method is invoked. It is recommended that
         * applications not use {@code wait}, {@code notify}, or
         * {@code notifyAll} on {@code Thread} instances.
         *
         * @param  millis
         *         the time to wait in milliseconds
         *
         * @throws  IllegalArgumentException
         *          if the value of {@code millis} is negative
         *
         * @throws  InterruptedException
         *          if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
         *          <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
         *          cleared when this exception is thrown.
         */
        public final synchronized void join(long millis)
        throws InterruptedException {
            long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
            long now = 0;
    
            if (millis < 0) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
            }
    
            if (millis == 0) {
                while (isAlive()) {//子线程是否还活着
                    wait(0);//主线程等待
                }
            } else {
                while (isAlive()) {//子线程是否还活着
                    long delay = millis - now;
                    if (delay <= 0) {
                        break;
                    }
                    wait(delay);//主线程等待
                    now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
                }
            }
        }
    

    从上述代码可以看出,如果传入的参数millis小于0,则抛出异常;如果等于0,则循环判断当前线程是否还活着,如果还活着,则主线程等待(这里wait(0)和wait()是一样的,因为wait()方法里就是调用的wait(0)方法);如果大于0,则循环判断当前线程是否还活着,如果活着,则主线程等待指定秒数。

    public final void wait() throws InterruptedException {
            wait(0);
    }
    

    这里为啥是主线程等待?给大家看个例子就很容易理解了。

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    // TODO 自动生成的方法存根
                    
                }
            });
            thread1.start();
            
    //      try {
    //          thread1.join();
    //      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    //          // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
    //          e.printStackTrace();
    //      }
            
            synchronized(thread1){
                ...
    
                while (isAlive()) {
                    wait(0);
                }
                ...
            }
        }   
    
    

    上述代码thread1.join()代码其实就是synchronized(thread1)然后执行接下来的内容,所以wait对象是主线程,而不是thread1。

    • 小结

    join方法是让主线程(父线程)等待子线程里面的内容执行完毕并死亡后再执行主线程里的内容,在子线程执行的时候,主线程(父线程)阻塞。

    2 测试用例

    SonThread方法

    package com.yds.test;
    
    public class SonThread extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                    System.out.println("子线程:"+i);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    

    Test调用

    package com.yds.test;
    
    
    public class Test {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            
            
            try {
                System.out.println("主线程运行:");
                SonThread son = new SonThread();
                son.start();
                System.out.println("主线程阻塞并等待子线程执行完:");
                son.join();
                System.out.println("子线程执行完毕,主线程开始执行");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    

    执行结果:

    主线程运行:
    主线程阻塞并等待子线程执行完:
    子线程:0
    子线程:1
    子线程:2
    子线程:3
    子线程执行完毕,主线程开始执行
    

    3 总结

    join方法在哪个线程运行,则会阻塞哪个线程,直到调用它的线程(指的是通过对象.join方式调用的线程,如thread1.join,这个调用它的线程就是指thread1)执行完毕并死亡,主线程才会继续运行。

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