每日英中+文言文翻译，来自每日翻译

· 英译中

原文：

       Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One's thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; one's own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one's emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one's mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.

       The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.

译文：

       心理上，老年人要注意两种危险情况。其一是过分沉溺过去。人无需活在回忆中，无需总想着过去有多美好，或为死去的朋友哀伤。人必须得展望未来，关注那些可以有所作为的事情。这并不容易；一个人过去的经历是越来越重的负担。人们总对自己说，我过去的情感比现在更丰富，思想也更敏锐。如果这是事实，那就不去想它，如果你不去想它，情形可能就不一样了。

       另一件要避免的事是别总想着和年轻人在一起，从青春的活力中获取力量。孩子们长大后，想独立生活，如果你继续像他们年轻时那样关心他们，那可能会成为他们的负担，除非他们很无情。我并不是说，长辈该对年轻人漠不关心，但一个人的爱应该是深沉的，如果可能的话，还应当给他们一些接济，而不应该过度投入情感。在动物世界，当孩子们能照顾自己后，家长就不再管它们，而人类抚养子女的时间很长，所以要做到这点很难。

· 文言文

原文：

《杜太后遗嘱》

       建隆二年，太后不豫，太祖侍药饵不离左右。疾亟，召赵普入受遗命。太后因问太祖曰：“汝知所以得天下乎？”太祖呜噎不能对。太后固问之，太祖曰：“臣所以得天下者，皆祖考及太后之积庆也。”太后曰：“不然，正由周世宗使幼儿主天下耳。使周氏有长君，天下岂为汝有乎？汝百岁后当传位于汝弟。四海至广，万几至众，能立长君，社稷之福也。”太祖顿首泣曰：“敢不如教。”太后顾谓赵普曰：“尔同记吾言，不可违也。”命普于榻前为约誓书，普于纸尾书“臣普书”。藏之金匮，命谨密宫人掌之。

——选自《宋史》

译文：

       建隆二年，杜太后身体不适，宋太祖侍奉杜太后喝药不离左右。杜太后病危时，召宰相赵普进宫听遗命。杜太后就问宋太祖说：“你知道你得到天下的原因吗？”宋太祖呜咽着没法回答。杜太后执意问他，宋太祖说：“我得到天下的原因，都是因为祖宗和太后您积累的福德啊。”杜太后说：“不是这样的。恰好是因为周世宗（周皇帝柴荣）让幼小的儿子掌管天下罢了。如果周朝有年长的皇帝，天下难道会被你拥有吗？你死后应当把皇位传给你的弟弟。广阔的地域，要处理很多事情，能够立年长的皇帝，是社稷的福气啊。”宋太祖叩头哭着说：“怎么敢不听从教诲。”杜太后回头对赵普说：“你也要记住我的话，不能违背它。”杜太后命赵普在床榻前写下誓书，赵普在誓书最后写上“臣普书”。杜太后把它藏在黄金做的箱子里，命办事谨慎的宫人掌管它。