我们经常会删除语意模糊或具有双关意思的单词,替换成更具体且精准的单词。以下列举一些这类的替换用法:
Myriad
解释:(名词)无数;大量
可用来替换:a lot
在学术论文中,使用a lot of examples或many experiences会使语意显得平淡,且用字不够准确。
例句:The author suggested a myriad of solutions for the problem.
补充说明:在英文发展的历史中,myriad一直被当作名词使用,例如a myriad of men;直到十九世纪才有诗人将其作为形容词使用,例如myriad men。后来,这种具诗意的形容词用法颇为流行,甚至被许多人误认是myriad唯一正确的用法。其实两种用法都正确,myriad源自于古希腊文mrias,在古希腊文中,mrias既可作为名词用在一般散文或数学,又可作为形容词,出现在诗集里。
Assert
解释:(动词)断言;声称(某个事实或理念)
可用来取代:say
动词assert可运用于许多情况,但请勿太频繁使用,以免显得单调。
例句:The author asserts that the issue is lacking a simple solution.
Egregious
解释:(形容词)极糟的;令人震惊的
可用来取代:bad
与其使用平凡无奇的形容词bad,不妨相较之更高级的形容词egregious。
例句:The author asserts that other solutions to the problem are simply egregious.
Erroneous
解释:(形容词)错误的;不正确的
可用来取代:wrong
Erroneous这个单词十分好记,因为它的拼写跟发音会让人联想到error这个单词。
这个词非常适合用来描述作者不正确的言论:The author’s solutions for the problem were erroneous.
Engender
解释:(动词)使产生;引起
可用来取代:cause
例句:The author is not at all erroneous when she asserts that solving the problem will engender a better quality of life.
Employ
解释:(动词)使用
可用来取代:use
Employ有两种意思,一是“雇用”的意思;二是“使用” 的意思,可用来替代use。
例句:The author employs rhetorical questions in order to assert her beliefs in a more persuasive manner.
Salient
解释:(形容词)显著的;重要的
可用来取代:important
Salient可以用来替换main或important,但要小心别用错地方。
例句:The author’s most salient solution is rather egregious, because one can assert that her suggestions would fail to solve the problem.
Reason
解释:(动词)透过逻辑思维来思考、理解、判断
可用来取代:think
Reason与employ一样,也有两种截然不同的意思。使用动词reason来代替think能帮助您提高文章水平。
例句:
The author reasons that we can solve the problem if we all work together, but the methods she asserts will help us do so are egregious.
She reasoned that something must be wrong.
Advantageous
解释:(形容词)有利的;有助的;有益的
可用来取代:good
许多研究者在写作时,很容易过度使用good一字,虽然这个字眼确实可以用来描述美好的事物,但还有许多更棒的用词可以选择,如advantageous。
例句:
The author’s most salient solution is her most advantageous, as one can reason that it would effectively solve the problem.
…a trade agreement that is advantageous to both countries.
Galvanize
解释:(动词)刺激、激起(某人);使引起
可用来取代:motivate
如果您欲激起读者的强烈反应,使他们感同身受的对抗极恶之罪,反对不公不义的行为,又或是要开宗名义的引起变革,这时您不妨考虑使用galvanize这一措辞强烈的词。
例句:The group is hoping to galvanize public opinion against the proposed law.
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