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从源码看invalidate和requestLayout的区别

从源码看invalidate和requestLayout的区别

作者: chefish | 来源:发表于2017-02-14 19:49 被阅读408次

    invalidate和requestLayout经常被用来刷新界面,有的时候2个一起用,TextView的源码里也经常看到2者一起用的情况。什么时候该用哪个呢?为什么有的时候2个要一起用呢?

    本文所从源码是6.0.1来研究下2者的原理和区别以及如何使用。测试工程InvalidateDemo

    Invalidate

    PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID、PFLAG_INVALIDATED

    这里我们要注意view的2个flag,一个是PFLAG_INVALIDATED,一个是PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID。

        /**
         * Indicates that this view was specifically invalidated, not just dirtied because some
         * child view was invalidated. The flag is used to determine when we need to recreate
         * a view's display list (as opposed to just returning a reference to its existing
         * display list).
         *
         * @hide
         */
        static final int PFLAG_INVALIDATED                 = 0x80000000;
    

    看起来好像,子view invalidate就会导致父view PFLAG_INVALIDATED,但是我实际试了下,子view invalidate只会导致子view PFLAG_INVALIDATED,父view的PFLAG_INVALIDATED不会被设置。
    而PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID代表drawing_cache有效了,这个才是其中某个子view invalidate了,一个子view invalidate会导致父view的PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID被置0,父view的父view也会PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID被置为0,后文会分析。

    Invalidate具体分析

    先来看看invalidate方法,这是view的一个方法,一般我们想更新某个view会调用此方法.我们都知道view的invalidate会导致这个view被重新绘制,这个是怎么实现的呢?

    我们知道invalidate会导致ViewRootImpl的peformDraw被调用,那怎么保证不绘制所有的view,而只绘制某个view呢?大概流程图如下所示

    step1.invalidateInternal

    大概流程如上面的图所展示的,View的invalidate会调到invalidateInternal,里面会在L7设置2个标志位PFLAG_INVALIDATED和PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID,PFLAG_INVALIDATED置为1,PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID置为0. 并且调用invalidateChild(L17)。代码如下。

        void invalidateInternal(int l, int t, int r, int b, boolean invalidateCache,
                boolean fullInvalidate) {
                 。。。。
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DIRTY;
                  //invalidateCache一般为true
                if (invalidateCache) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                }
    
                // Propagate the damage rectangle to the parent view.
                final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
                final ViewParent p = mParent;
                if (p != null && ai != null && l < r && t < b) {
                    final Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
                    damage.set(l, t, r, b);
                    p.invalidateChild(this, damage);
                }
    
                // Damage the entire projection receiver, if necessary.
                if (mBackground != null && mBackground.isProjected()) {
                    final View receiver = getProjectionReceiver();
                    if (receiver != null) {
                        receiver.damageInParent();
                    }
                }
    
                // Damage the entire IsolatedZVolume receiving this view's shadow.
                if (isHardwareAccelerated() && getZ() != 0) {
                    damageShadowReceiver();
                }
            }
        }
    

    step2.invalidateChildInParent

    invalidateChild内部有个dowhile循环,不停调用父view的invalidateChildInParent,一直到调用ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent。我们看invalidateChild的L21,把PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID置为0,在dowhile循环后,当前view的所有父view,父view的父view。。。都会被PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID置为0.调用invalidateChildInParent会传进去一个Rect叫dirty,代表子窗口需要刷新的rect,父窗口会根据这个rect和父窗口本身做union,从而得到父窗口需要刷新的rect区域,然后再传给父窗口的父窗口,一直递归直到ViewRootImpl

      public ViewParent invalidateChildInParent(final int[] location, final Rect dirty) {
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWN) == PFLAG_DRAWN ||
                    (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) {
                if ((mGroupFlags & (FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) !=
                            FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {
                    dirty.offset(location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] - mScrollX,
                            location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] - mScrollY);
                    if ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) == 0) {
                        dirty.union(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
                    }
    
                    final int left = mLeft;
                    final int top = mTop;
    
                    if ((mGroupFlags & FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) == FLAG_CLIP_CHILDREN) {
                        if (!dirty.intersect(0, 0, mRight - left, mBottom - top)) {
                            dirty.setEmpty();
                        }
                    }
                    //此处抹掉PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
    
                    location[CHILD_LEFT_INDEX] = left;
                    location[CHILD_TOP_INDEX] = top;
    
                    if (mLayerType != LAYER_TYPE_NONE) {
                        mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
                    }
    
                    return mParent;
    
                } else {
                        ...
                }
            }
    
            return null;
        }
    

    而ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent内部调用而invalidateRectOnScreen进而调用scheduleTraversals。

    step3. scheduleTraversals

    scheduleTraversals一般都会调用performDraw进而调draw,在draw内,如果发现mDirty非空就会调mAttachInfo.mHardwareRenderer.draw(mView, mAttachInfo, this);
    这是ThreadedRenderer内的方法了,里面会调updateRootDisplayList进而调updateViewTreeDisplayList。

        private void updateViewTreeDisplayList(View view) {
            view.mPrivateFlags |= View.PFLAG_DRAWN;
            view.mRecreateDisplayList = (view.mPrivateFlags & View.PFLAG_INVALIDATED)
                    == View.PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
            view.mPrivateFlags &= ~View.PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
            view.updateDisplayListIfDirty();
            view.mRecreateDisplayList = false;
        }
    

    此时view是DecorView,DecorView会往下分发找到需要重绘的view,然后调用此view的draw方法。假设调用invalidate的view为a,a的parent为ap。我们知道此时a的PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID 为0,PFLAG_INVALIDATED为1.而a的父族view,ap,app,appp等的PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID为0,PFLAG_INVALIDATED为0.
    所以上边会把mRecreateDisplayList设置为false,后面会知道mRecreateDisplayList代表了哪个view要被重绘,只有a的mRecreateDisplayList为true,其他都是false。
    来看DecorView如何分发的。DecorView的updateViewTreeDisplayList会调updateDisplayListIfDirty,如下,因为DecorView是a的父族view,所以会进L10的if,然后mRecreateDisplayList为false,所以会进L16.在L19调用dispatchGetDisplayList,哦哟,看到分发的影子了。

      /**
         * Gets the RenderNode for the view, and updates its DisplayList (if needed and supported)
         * @hide
         */
        @NonNull
        public RenderNode updateDisplayListIfDirty() {
            final RenderNode renderNode = mRenderNode;
                。。。
    
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == 0
                    || !renderNode.isValid()
                    || (mRecreateDisplayList)) {
                // Don't need to recreate the display list, just need to tell our
                // children to restore/recreate theirs
                if (renderNode.isValid()
                        && !mRecreateDisplayList) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK;
                    dispatchGetDisplayList();
    
                    return renderNode; // no work needed
                }
    
                // If we got here, we're recreating it. Mark it as such to ensure that
                // we copy in child display lists into ours in drawChild()
                mRecreateDisplayList = true;
    
                int width = mRight - mLeft;
                int height = mBottom - mTop;
                int layerType = getLayerType();
    
                final DisplayListCanvas canvas = renderNode.start(width, height);
                canvas.setHighContrastText(mAttachInfo.mHighContrastText);
    
                try {
                                        // Fast path for layouts with no backgrounds
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) == PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) {
                            dispatchDraw(canvas);
                            if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) {
                                mOverlay.getOverlayView().draw(canvas);
                            }
                        } else {
                            draw(canvas);
                        }
                    }
                } finally {
                    renderNode.end(canvas);
                    setDisplayListProperties(renderNode);
                }
            } else {
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK;
            }
            return renderNode;
        }
    

    dispatchGetDisplayList的代码很简单,主要就是L4的for循环,内调用recreateChildDisplayList,让子view recreate display。

        protected void dispatchGetDisplayList() {
            final int count = mChildrenCount;
            final View[] children = mChildren;
            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                final View child = children[i];
                if (((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != null)) {
                    recreateChildDisplayList(child);
                }
            }
            if (mOverlay != null) {
                View overlayView = mOverlay.getOverlayView();
                recreateChildDisplayList(overlayView);
            }
            if (mDisappearingChildren != null) {
                final ArrayList<View> disappearingChildren = mDisappearingChildren;
                final int disappearingCount = disappearingChildren.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < disappearingCount; ++i) {
                    final View child = disappearingChildren.get(i);
                    recreateChildDisplayList(child);
                }
            }
        }
    

    再看recreateChildDisplayList,内部给mRecreateDisplayList赋值,然后调用updateDisplayListIfDirty(咦回去了,只是此时对象变成了DecorView的child),好了,分发在这里完全成型了。

        private void recreateChildDisplayList(View child) {
            child.mRecreateDisplayList = (child.mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != 0;
            child.mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
            child.updateDisplayListIfDirty();
            child.mRecreateDisplayList = false;
        }
    

    总结

    parent:updateDisplayListIfDirty-》dispatchGetDisplayList-》for() recreateChildDisplayList
    child:recreateChildDisplayList-》updateDisplayListIfDirty
    我们在具体分析下各个view会如何表现,核心代码是updateDisplayListIfDirty,

    父族view的执行流程是
    parent:updateDisplayListIfDirty-》dispatchGetDisplayList-》for() recreateChildDisplayList
    child:recreateChildDisplayList-》updateDisplayListIfDirty

    如果是a本身,那么L10进去,但是由于a的mRecreateDisplayList为true,所以会到L43进行重绘,这就是invalidate导致的分发过程

    如果不是父族view也不是a本身,那么PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID为1,会走L10的else设置标志位,然后结束,不会分发到子view。
    所以整个过程中只有a调用了draw方法进行重绘,这是PFLAG_INVALIDATED标志位起的作用。

      /**
         * Gets the RenderNode for the view, and updates its DisplayList (if needed and supported)
         * @hide
         */
        @NonNull
        public RenderNode updateDisplayListIfDirty() {
            final RenderNode renderNode = mRenderNode;
                。。。
    
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == 0
                    || !renderNode.isValid()
                    || (mRecreateDisplayList)) {
                // Don't need to recreate the display list, just need to tell our
                // children to restore/recreate theirs
                if (renderNode.isValid()
                        && !mRecreateDisplayList) {
                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK;
                    dispatchGetDisplayList();
    
                    return renderNode; // no work needed
                }
    
                // If we got here, we're recreating it. Mark it as such to ensure that
                // we copy in child display lists into ours in drawChild()
                mRecreateDisplayList = true;
    
                int width = mRight - mLeft;
                int height = mBottom - mTop;
                int layerType = getLayerType();
    
                final DisplayListCanvas canvas = renderNode.start(width, height);
                canvas.setHighContrastText(mAttachInfo.mHighContrastText);
    
                try {
                                        // Fast path for layouts with no backgrounds
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) == PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) {
                            dispatchDraw(canvas);
                            if (mOverlay != null && !mOverlay.isEmpty()) {
                                mOverlay.getOverlayView().draw(canvas);
                            }
                        } else {
                            draw(canvas);
                        }
                    }
                } finally {
                    renderNode.end(canvas);
                    setDisplayListProperties(renderNode);
                }
            } else {
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK;
            }
            return renderNode;
        }
    

    问题onMeasure、onLayout

    还有个问题,invalidate会不会导致onMeasure和onLayout被调用呢??

    在performTraversals方法中,mLayoutRequested为false,所有onMeasure和onLayout都不会被调用。

    ViewGroup的invalidate

    我们再来看看ViewGroup的invalidate,刚才说了invalidate如果是个view,那就只有自己本身会draw,如果是ViewGroup呢?
    因为一般的ViewGroup都是SKIP_DRAW的,所以会走到L38 dispatchDraw, dispatchDraw的实现一般在ViewGroup里,就是调用子view的draw(注意是调用的3参的draw方法,而不是单参的方法)
    所以一般来说ViewGroup的invalidate就是对子view进行重绘(android.view.View#draw(android.graphics.Canvas, android.view.ViewGroup, long))

    总结

    1、view的invalidate并不会调用ViewRootImpl的invalidate。
    2、performDraw的过程中,大部分view的 updateDisplayListIfDirty都会被调用,但是只有设了标志位的view会调用draw方法进而调用onDraw

    requestLayout

    主体过程

    读完了invalidate再看requestLayout就很简单了,
    1.view的requestLayout会调用parent的requestLayout,直到ViewRootImpl的requestLayout。ViewRootImpl的requestLayout代码如下

    
        public void requestLayout() {
            if (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) {
                checkThread();
                mLayoutRequested = true;
                scheduleTraversals();
            }
        }
    

    可以看到mLayoutRequested变true了,然后触发了scheduleTraversals

    2.我们可以简单的认为mLayoutRequested为true会触发perfomMeasure(内部会调用onMeasure)和performLayout(内部会调用onLayout)。然后在performDraw内部draw的过程中发现mDirty为空,所以onDraw不会被调用,不重绘。
    这么看来requestLayout不会导致onDraw调用了?

    也不见得,我们知道requestLayout会导致perfomMeasure和performLayout,如果在layout过程中发现l,t,r,b和以前不一样,那就会触发一次invalidate。代码在View的setFrame中,这个会在layout时被调用。

        protected boolean setFrame(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
            boolean changed = false;
    
            if (DBG) {
                Log.d("View", this + " View.setFrame(" + left + "," + top + ","
                        + right + "," + bottom + ")");
            }
    
            if (mLeft != left || mRight != right || mTop != top || mBottom != bottom) {
                changed = true;
    
                // Remember our drawn bit
                int drawn = mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWN;
    
                int oldWidth = mRight - mLeft;
                int oldHeight = mBottom - mTop;
                int newWidth = right - left;
                int newHeight = bottom - top;
                boolean sizeChanged = (newWidth != oldWidth) || (newHeight != oldHeight);
    
                // Invalidate our old position
                invalidate(sizeChanged);
    
                mLeft = left;
                mTop = top;
                mRight = right;
                mBottom = bottom;
                mRenderNode.setLeftTopRightBottom(mLeft, mTop, mRight, mBottom);
                。。。
        }        
    

    所以requestLayout有可能会导致onDraw被调用,也可能不导致onDraw被调用,取决于view的l,t,r,b是否改变

    part or full

    requestLayout会导致整个view tree的measure/layout吗?
    我们在说invalidate的时候,invalidate会对调用的view进行标记,到时候只要重绘标记了PFLAG_INVALIDATED的view就可以了。但是requestLayout的过程中,我们没有看到对requestLayout的标记(本以为是mViewRequestingLayout,结果没卵用)。那么一个a调用requestLayout和ap调用requestLayout效果一样吗?
    答案是不一样,但是有时候效果也一样。
    看看下边requestLayout的代码,其实主要就是L16,L17设置了PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT和PFLAG_INVALIDATED 2个标志位,特别是PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT。

        public void requestLayout() {
            if (mMeasureCache != null) mMeasureCache.clear();
    
            if (mAttachInfo != null && mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout == null) {
                // Only trigger request-during-layout logic if this is the view requesting it,
                // not the views in its parent hierarchy
                ViewRootImpl viewRoot = getViewRootImpl();
                if (viewRoot != null && viewRoot.isInLayout()) {
                    if (!viewRoot.requestLayoutDuringLayout(this)) {
                        return;
                    }
                }
                mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout = this;
            }
    
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;
    
            if (mParent != null && !mParent.isLayoutRequested()) {
                mParent.requestLayout();
            }
            if (mAttachInfo != null && mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout == this) {
                mAttachInfo.mViewRequestingLayout = null;
            }
        }
    

    一个view调用了requestLayout,那么他自己与他的父族view都会被设置为PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT,我们在看看measure过程,要进入L18,measure的核心代码处必须满足3个条件之一,而他自己与他的父族view都会被设置为PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT,所以他们都必然会被重新measure,但是其他的view就不一定了,就看这3个条件是否会满足。
    结论是requestLayout会导致部分view重新measure和layout。a的requestLayout必然会导致a,ap...的重新measure,ap的requestLayout必定会导致ap的measure,但不一定会导致a的measure

        public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
            boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
            if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
                Insets insets = getOpticalInsets();
                int oWidth  = insets.left + insets.right;
                int oHeight = insets.top  + insets.bottom;
                widthMeasureSpec  = MeasureSpec.adjust(widthMeasureSpec,  optical ? -oWidth  : oWidth);
                heightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.adjust(heightMeasureSpec, optical ? -oHeight : oHeight);
            }
    
            // Suppress sign extension for the low bytes
            long key = (long) widthMeasureSpec << 32 | (long) heightMeasureSpec & 0xffffffffL;
            if (mMeasureCache == null) mMeasureCache = new LongSparseLongArray(2);
    
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ||
                    widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
                    heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
                    //....measure核心代码
                }
    
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;
            }
    
            mOldWidthMeasureSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
            mOldHeightMeasureSpec = heightMeasureSpec;
    
            mMeasureCache.put(key, ((long) mMeasuredWidth) << 32 |
                    (long) mMeasuredHeight & 0xffffffffL); // suppress sign extension
        }
    

    onMeasure和onLayout的关系

    一般来说我们认为调用了onMeasure就会调用onLayout,onMeasure和onLayout是强相关的,为什么这么认为呢?看下边代码
    measure的代码简化后,如下所示,在满足3条件时,进入主measure流程,调用onMeasure,然后设置PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED,看标志就明白了,打上了这个标志,就表示此view需要layout。

        public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
            if ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT) == PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT ||
                    widthMeasureSpec != mOldWidthMeasureSpec ||
                    heightMeasureSpec != mOldHeightMeasureSpec) {
                        ...
                onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;    
            }
        }
    

    再看layout内怎么用上此标志位的,如果changed或者PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED,那就调用onLayout,这个flag就是刚才我们onMeasure完毕后设置上的,所以可以认为调用了onMeasure就会调用onLayout

        public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
    
            boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ?
                    setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b);
    
            if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
                onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;
                。。。
            }
    
            mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
            mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_IS_LAID_OUT;
        }
    

    总结

    1.view不停找parent可以一直找到DecorView,按理说DecorView是顶点了,但是DecorView还有个虚拟父view,ViewRootImpl。 ViewRootImpl不是一个View或者ViewGroup,他有个成员mView是DecorView,所有的操作从ViewRootImpl开始自上而下分发
    2.view的invalidate不会导致ViewRootImpl的invalidate被调用,而是递归调用父view的invalidateChildInParent,直到ViewRootImpl的invalidateChildInParent,然后触发peformTraversals,会导致当前view被重绘,由于mLayoutRequested为false,不会导致onMeasure和onLayout被调用,而OnDraw会被调用
    3.一个view的invalidate会导致本身PFLAG_INVALIDATED置1,导致本身以及父族viewgroup的PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID置0
    4.requestLayout会直接递归调用父窗口的requestLayout,直到ViewRootImpl,然后触发peformTraversals,由于mLayoutRequested为true,会导致onMeasure和onLayout被调用。不一定会触发OnDraw
    5.requestLayout触发onDraw可能是因为在在layout过程中发现l,t,r,b和以前不一样,那就会触发一次invalidate,所以触发了onDraw,也可能是因为别的原因导致mDirty非空(比如在跑动画)

    1. requestLayout会导致自己以及父族view的PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT和PFLAG_INVALIDATED标志被设置。
      7.一般来说,只要刷新的时候就调用invalidate,需要重新measure就调用requestLayout,后面再跟个invalidate(为了保证重绘),这是我个人的理解。

    参考文献

    aosp6.0.1

    http://zjmdp.github.io/2012/07/04/invalidate-in-Android/

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