Reading Part @ Aug. 17, 2017
Chapter 6: Principles of Deliberate Practice in Everyday Life(161-179)
- Getting Past Plateaus
- Maintaining Motivation
Summary & Reflection:
我们都有过这种经验,刚开始学习某个新事物的时候,总是兴致勃勃的全身心投入,而且感觉学习进度那是蹭蹭蹭的往前飞,可是,学着学着就有点卡壳了,总觉得哪里不得劲,有点停滞不前了......这便是我们今天要讨论的“停滞期”(plateau):
The best way to move beyond a plateau is to challenge our brain or our body in a new way.
要跨过这种停滞期,最好的方法是以一种新的方式来挑战我们的大脑或者我们的身体。
首先,我们要问自己的是:到底是什么让我们停滞不前?为什么会是这个问题?从什么时候开始的?......通过不断追问自己,找到真正的问题核心,逼迫自己走出舒适区,勇于去改变。
其次,我们可以针对我们停滞期的问题,设计有针对性的练习方法,倘若我们自己无法解决这个问题,可以积极主动的寻求导师或者亲朋好友的帮助。
这两条思路,可以确保我们在生活中遭遇停滞期时,能够有的放矢的对症下药,而不是头痛医头,脚痛医脚,胡子眉毛一把抓,白白浪费时间精力。
除此之外,如何保持动力(motivation)持续有效的刻意练习,也是我们很多人都绕不开的“拦路虎”。我们一不小心就成了那个“常立志”的人,却往往做不到“立长志”,这是为什么呢?
Deliberate practice is hard work.
刻意练习是一项很艰巨的任务,需要我们时刻保持专注并持续练习。然而,实际情况是,我们常常练着练着就放弃了,或者还持续练着但却并没能全情投入,就是我们常说的,为了练习而练习,这样的结果自然不会达到我们希望获得的成效。于是,我们动辄就归咎于我们的意志力不够,然而,这与意志力并没有半毛钱关系。那么,我们该如何解决这个问题呢?
书中提了两个思路:
Reasons to stop.
弱化 “停止不做” 的理由有很多种,而最有效的一种是留出固定的时间来练习。比如说,我们读书写作,我们可以根据我们自己的工作学习生活的安排,固定一个属于自己的不会轻易被打断的时间,当然这个时间段若恰好是处于自己最有效率的时刻会更好,这样我们便没有什么借口理由去推脱不做了。
其次,我们可以找出那些轻易就可以干扰打断我们注意力的事情,提前想好办法将这些干扰项的影响力控制在最小范围内。比如现代这个社会,我们轻易会被手机微信,朋友圈,微博信息等干扰,那么我们在专心做某事的时候,可以提前将手机静音,关机,或者是放在另外一个房间,这样我们便能尽最大可能克制自己不受即时信息的干扰。
最后,也是常会被忽略的一点,我们需要时不时的push自己走出舒适区,保持专注,全情投入,而这些都是需要很大的精气神的,因此需要我们养成并保持健康有益的生活方式,比如睡眠充足,适当锻炼,适时精神放空等。
Reasons to keep going.
此外,我们还可以增强 “持续进行” 的理由,比如说,我们可以对于我们阶段性的目标达成进行适度的嘉奖,可以是精神上的成就感,也可以是物质上的奖励。
其次,我们要有自信,对于我们正在进行的事情是会成功的。适当的给自己熬几碗鸡汤补补也不无裨益。
最后,则是要积极寻求身边亲朋好友的支持与认可。刻意练习是一种孤独的追求,倘若我们能够找到一群志同道合的小伙伴一起努力,往往会更容易坚持到底。比如说我们参加英文书共读,至少目前为止,我完完整整的看完了《高效能人士的7个习惯》,而现在正在阅读的《刻意练习》,我也正在刻意要求自己一定不能半途而废。
Words and Expressions:
The problem is that as their concentration lags, their typing speed returns to the plateau.
lag, 动词,意思是 “落后于,滞后,缓缓而行”,to move or develop more slowly than others,常搭配为:lag behind -- 落后
例句:Britain is lagging behind the rest of Europe.
lag,作为名词的话,表示 “延迟,落后”,a delay or period of waiting between one event and a second event.
常见的几个名词搭配:
time lag -- 可数名词,also time lapse,表示 “时间差”,the period of time between two connected events.
例句:There is a considerable time lag between orders and shipments.
jet lag -- 不可数名词,表示 “时差”,a tired and unpleasant feeling that you sometimes get when you travel by airplane to a place that is far away. [ 形容词:jet-lagged ]
例句:I had bad jet lag after that last trip overseas.
While you may collect a group of like-minded individuals for support and encouragement, still much of your improvement will depend on practice you do on your own.
like-minded, 形容词,意思是 “志趣相投的,具有相似意向或目的的”,having similar opinions and interests. [ 不可数名词:like-mindedness ]
例句:Some like-minded people got together and set up a group.
仿造句:It's such a great joyness to hang out with like-minded people.
When we compared how well the various contestants did in the bee versus their study histories, we found that......
......but the amount of time they spent in purposeful practice correlated more closely with how well they did in the spelling bee.
bee,最常见的意思就是 “蜜蜂”,但这里还有另外一种解释,在美式英语里,作为可数名词,表示 “(工作/竞赛/娱乐类的)聚会”,US: a gathering of people for the purpose of spending time together while working on similar projects.
例如,原文中的 spelling bee,就是 “拼字比赛会” 的意思,[count] chiefly US: a contest in which contestants spell words aloud and are removed from the contest when they spell a word wrong.
顺便整理几个有关 bee 的常见短语:
as busy as a bee -- 像蜜蜂一样忙碌;informal: very busy and active.
have a bee in your bonnet -- 胡思乱想,被某个念头困扰;informal: to talk and think a lot about something. 例句:He always has a bee in his bonnet about safety.
the birds and the bees -- informal + humorous: the facts about sex that are told to children. 这个表达有点意思哈,意思是 “对孩子的初步性教育的昵称”,类似于中国家长常对孩子说是从垃圾堆里捡来的(Really? I have no idea about that......)
例句:He dreaded having to explain about the birds and the bees [=the facts of life] to his son.
网友评论