A clearing-house collapse now would have far bigger repercussions.
In his March letter Mr Tucker said that a clearing house that could not withstand a member’s default could be a “devastating mechanism for transmitting distress across the financial system”.Central counterparties, he said, were “super-systemic”.
The shift to central clearing has been most pronounced in interest-rate derivatives, but is visible in other categories, such as credit derivatives, too. And it will continue.
According to research by Citibank, an American investment bank, from September 2020, when margin requirements for uncleared trades come fully into force, investors may have to post three or four times as much margin when trading bilaterally as when using a clearing house.
这是《经济学人》7月刊的一篇文章''Flight to safety第15段,共有4句。
1、该句有不熟悉的单词:
{'repercussions':'n.影响,恶果'}
这句又看到了'would',自然的分成两部分,前部分理解为一个名词词组,后半部分为对应的内容,这样便好理解了:如今清算所倒闭将会产生更大的影响。
2、单词部分
{'withstand':'v.承受'}
{'devastating':'adj.v.毁灭性的,破坏'}
{'mechanism ':'n.装置,机制'}
{'transmitting':'v.传送,发送'}
{'distress':'n.忧虑,痛苦'}
{'systemic':'adj.全面影响的'}
Central counterparties :中央结算对手
这句有个人物出现,可以判断'said that'后面就是信的内容,仔细观察后半句,发现有个关键的词组'could not.....could'可以理解为:如果不能.....就会...,所以整句试着翻译:Tucker在3月的信中说道:清算所如果不能够承担会员违约的风险就会成为在金融系统中传播恐慌的毁灭性的机构,中央结算对手将会是影响巨大的。
3、单词
{'categories':'n.类别,种类'}
shift to :向...方向转换
像利率衍生品向中央清算的转变已经很明显了,但是在其他种类中给也能看到,比如信用衍生品也是如此,而这一情况还会继续。
4、生词部分
{'bilaterally':'双边的'}
into force :使生效
第一个'when' 前面有可以理解为名词词组:这半句的'an American investment bank'没有实际意义,就是解释'citybank',然后有一个关键词组,是理解的关键'as much...as',这个词组意思为'与...一样多'。 'when trading bilaterally' 与'when using a clearing house'在这里显然是并列,分别意思为:在双边贸易,在结算所。翻译就是,投资者在双边交易缴纳3-4倍保证金与在清算所中是一样的,这句话顺着说就是:投资者在双边交易中缴纳的保证金是在清算所中(缴纳的保证金)的3-4倍。因此,这句话整句翻译:
根据美国投资银行花旗银行的研究,从2020年9月开始,当对于未结算交易保证金需求完全生效时,投资者在双边交易中缴纳的保证金是在清算所中(缴纳的保证金)的3-4倍。
总结:
单词部分:
{'repercussions':'n.影响,恶果'}
{'withstand':'v.承受'}
{'devastating':'adj.v.毁灭性的,破坏'}
{'mechanism ':'n.装置,机制'}
{'transmitting':'v.传送,发送'}
{'distress':'n.忧虑,痛苦'}
{'systemic':'adj.全面影响的'}
{'categories':'n.类别,种类'}
{'bilaterally':'双边的'}
shift to :向...方向转换
into force :使生效
这段难点在最后一句,其中'as much...as'这个短语中嵌套了大量的长句子,是理解起来比较生涩。
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