【解词·速记】complete; colleague; glut

解读旧词，速记新词：

① complete, complement, implement, replete, plenty, plenary, plentious; ② colleague, college, collegial, collegiate; ③ glut, gluttony, glutton; ④ game, gamble

1. complete adj. 完整的，完全的；v. 完成

complete [kəmˈpli:t]由前缀com-和词根ple构成，com-表示“共同”，词根ple意为“满”，所complete本义为“一起填满”，引申为“完整的，完全的”和“完成”之意。

下面句中粗体单词由词根ple构成，试试能否在上下文中直接感知词义。

① The team needs players who complement each other. 球队需要能够____彼此的队员。(牛津)

② In 'They were students', 'students' is the complement. 在They were students中，students是____。（柯林斯）

complement = complete + -ment(名词) → 本义：完整→ v. 补足；n. 补足物，补语

③ Leadership is about the ability to implement change. 领导才能就是要有____变革的能力。（柯林斯）

implement [ˈɪmplɪment] = im(同in，里面) + ple + -ment → 本义：使内部充盈 → v. 实施

④ The Harbor was replete with boats. 港口里____船只。(柯林斯)

replete [rɪˈpli:t] = re- + ple → adj. 满的

此外，ple词根变异为plen，构成的下列单词的词义也都是从“满”衍变而来。

⑤ plenty [ˈplenti] n. 充足，大量
⑥ plenary [ˈpli:nəri] adj. 全体出席的；n. 全会
⑦ plenteous [ˈplentiəs] adj. 充足的; 丰饶的

2. colleague n. 同事