2019-03-28:每日英语打卡，文章精读

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This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals – the average scientist, for one. I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

Question 1

Average scientist is excluded from intellectuals because ______.

A. he offers no effective solution to moral problems

✔B. he only deals with factual aspects of moral problems

2019-03-28:每日英语打卡，文章精读

Question 2

Please translate the sentences into Chinese.

This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals – the average scientist, for one.

这个定义将许多人排除在外，通常指的知识分子，像一般的科学家就是其中一类。

I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to（有助于） the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

我将其排除在外是因为，尽管他的成就也许有助于道德问题的解决，但他没有控制问题（承担任务）的方向，只停留在现实层面上。↓

我之所以将普通科学家排除在外，是因为尽管他的成果可能有助于解决道德问题，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面而已。

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逐句详解

第一句

This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals -- the average scientist, for one.

句子结构（S+V+O）

主：This definition 这个定义

谓：excludes 排除

宾：many individuals 很多人

定：usually referred to as intellectuals 通常被称为知识分子（的人）

同：the average scientist, for one 比如说普通科学家

本句译文

这个定义排除了许多经常被称作知识分子的人，比如说普通的科学家。

第二句

[1] I have excluded him because, [2] [3] while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems,  he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.

[1] 主句（S+V+O）

主：I 我

谓：have excluded 把……排除在外

宾：him 他（指普通科学家）

译文：我把普通科学家排除在外

[2] 原因状语从句（S+V+O）

引：because 因为

主：he 他

谓：has not been charged with 没有承担

宾：the task 任务

定：of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems

字面：接近（研究）| 除了 | 现实方面 | 这些问题的

意译：除了研究这些问题的现实方面以外

译文：

第一步：因为他除了研究这些问题的现实方面以外没有承担任何任务

第二步：因为他承担的任务不过是研究这些问题的现实方面而已

补充：

Not … any but的理解方式：

1. Not … any but = not …anything but = nothing but = only

2. Not … any but = not … except = only

[3]是分句[2]的让步状语从句（S+V+O）

引：while 尽管

主：his accomplishments 他的成果

谓：may contribute to 可能有助于

宾：the solution of moral problems 道德问题的解决

译文：尽管他的成果可能有助于道德问题的解决

本句译文

我之所以将普通科学家排除在外，是因为尽管他的成果可能有助于解决道德问题，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面而已。