上句见：Day70
The Story of Philosophy的第71句：第1章Plato第1节The Context of Plato第5段第3句：

Traditions and dogmas rub one another down to a minimum in such centers of varied intercourse; where there are a thousand faiths we are apt to become skeptical of them all. Probably the traders were the first sceptic; they had seen too much to believe too much; and the general disposition of merchants to classify all men as either fools or knaves inclined them to question every creed. Gradually, too, they were developing science; mathematics grew with the increasing complexity of exchange, astronomy with the increasing audacity of navigation. The growth of wealth brought the leisure and security which are the prerequisite of research and speculation; men now asked the stars not only for guidance on the seas but as well for an answer to the riddles of the universe; the first Greek philosophers were astronomers. “Proud of their achievement,” says Aristotle, “men pushed farther afield after the Persian wars; they took all knowledge for their province, and sought ever wider studies.” Men grew bold enough to attempt natural explanations of processes and events before attributed to supernatural agencies and powers; magic and ritual slowly gave way to science and control; and philosophy began.
浙江大学版本：渐渐地，他们开始发展科学；日趋复杂的贸易催生了数学，人们不断膨胀的航海野心也促使天文学蓬勃发展。

解析

这句话说明了科学的发展与人类活动的紧密相连。 货货交换的复杂度——>数学；复利 ——> 自然对数（中国不会有，因为中国古代没有复利放贷）; 航海野心——>天文学 。
1、Gradually, too, they were developing science。科学发展是渐进的。“Gradually”，表示过程是渐进的；“too”表示这也是复杂商贸的结果。

2、mathematics grew with the increasing complexity of exchange数学的发展跟交易的复杂度有关，越来越复杂及多样化的商业活动，对数学知识和技能的需求越来越多。数学知识及技能的增长也促进了交易的复杂性。

3、astronomy with the increasing audacity of navigation天文学的发展跟航海活动有关，越来越大胆的航海活动，就需要天文学，同时天文学的发展更助长了航海者的胆量。
audacity：a confident and daring quality that is often seen as shocking or rude : an audacious quality胆量
Yet in the past week, Mr Hollande has silenced even his critics by revealing an unexpected streak of audacity.然而上周，奥朗德展示了出人意料的魄力，让批评他的人哑口无声。

此外，他们渐渐地发展了科学；随着交易日益复杂化，数学得以发展；随着航海不断膨胀的胆量促进了天文学的发展。

西方很重实用，实用就会催生数学等科学。在中国古代，商人位置低，过于追求君子，孔子本人多才多艺，却很轻视农耕，经朱熹整理后的儒学家更是如此。在西汉所列的十大家中，农学家排在最后两位，只比小说家高些。
如果墨家有跟儒家相当的位置，中国的科技应该是遥遥领先，可惜没有如果。