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词根学习笔记（5）|MANIA, PSYCH
MANIA in Latin means "madness", and the meaning passed over into English unchanged. Our word mania can mean a mental illness, or at least an excessive enthusiasm. We might call someone a maniac who was wild, violent, mentally ill---or maybe just really enthusiastic about something. Too much caffeine might make you a bit manic. But the intense mood swings once known as manic---depressive illness are now usually called bipolar disorder instead.
1-kleptomania
A mental illness in which a person has a strong desire to steal things.
# Kleptomania leads its sufferers to steal items of little value that they don't need anyway.
2-dipsomaniac
A person with an extreme and untrollable desire for alcohol.
# She didn't like the word alcoholic being applied to her, and liked dipsomaniac even less.
3-megalomaniac
A mental disorder marked by feelings of great personal power and importance.
# When the governor started calling for arming his National Guard with nuclear weapons, the voters finally realized they had elected a megalomaniac.
4-egomaniac
Someone who is extremely self-centered and ignores the problems and concerns of others.
# He's a completely unimpressive person, but that doesn't keep him from being an egomaniac.
PSYCH comes from the Greek word psyche, meaning "breath, life, soul." Psychology is the science of mind and behavior, and a psychologist treats or studies the mental problems of individuals and groups. Psychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with mental and emotional disorders, and a psychiatrist (like any other doctor) may prescribe drugs to treat them.
1-psyche
Soul, personality, mind.
# Analysts are constantly trying to understand the nnation's psyche and why the U.S. often behaves so differently from other countries.
2-psychedelic
(1) Of or relating to a drug that produces abnormal and often extreme metal effects such as hallucinations.
(2) Imitating the effects of psychedelic drugs.
# In her only psychedelic experience, back in 1970, she had watched with horror as the walls began crawling with bizarrely colored creatures.
3-psychosomatic
Caused by mental or emotional problems rather than physical illness.
# Her doctor assumed her stomach problems were psychosomatic but gave her some harmless medication anyway.
4-psychotherapist
One who treats mental or emotional disorder or related bodily ills by psychological means.
# He's getting medication from a psychotherapist, but it's his sessions with the psychotherapist that he really values.
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