今天和大家分享政府公文中经常出现的例如“打虎”、“拍蝇”、“猎狐”、“照镜子、正衣冠”等形象表述的英文翻译。
为了体现中国特色,一般这种形象译法是采取字面直译的方式,也就是把中文原意给完整地表达出来。比如:
坚定不移“打虎”、“拍蝇”、“猎狐” We have taken firm action to "take out tigers", "swat flies", and "hunt down foxes."
巡视利剑作用彰显。Disciplinary inspection have cut like a blade through corruption and misconduct.
*这里将“利剑作用”转译为“像一把剑一样刺入”,非常形象了,也凸显了巡视的动作势能。
类似的动作化翻译思路还体现在比如:
以钉钉子精神做实做细做好各项工作。We should have the perseverance to hammer away until a task is done, and make concrete, meticulous, and effective efforts in all our work.
抓早防小,防微杜渐 identify problems early and correct them while they are nascent
*“抓早防小”和“防微杜渐”其实是一个意思,都是说要在问题刚开始萌芽的时候就介入解决,因此不需要分别翻译出这两个词,要把它们当做一个句子来处理,也就是处理为“早发现、早解决”。
照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病 examining ourselves in the mirror, tidying our attire, taking a bath, and treating our ailments
巩固压倒性态势、夺取压倒性胜利的决心必须坚如磐石。We must remain as firm as a rock in our resolve to build on the overwhelming momentum and secure a sweeping victory.
值得注意的是,“压倒性”一词通常用的是sweeping, overwhelming, crushing这样的表达,比如:
反腐败斗争压倒性态势已经形成。The anti-corruption campaign has built into acrushing tide.
夺取反腐败斗争压倒性胜利。secure a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption
有一些词如果直接照字面翻译成英文,指向的是另一个和中文意思不匹配的事物。那么在这种情况下,就要转译,取该名词在这个语境中真正的含义。比如:
任何人不要幻想让中国吞下损害自身利益的苦果。No one should expect China toswallow anything that undermines its interests.
*网络搜索bitter fruit,看到的往往是这样的表述:
Some bitter fruits include grapefruits, bitter melons, olives, crabapples and bitter oranges.
因此此处需要翻译出词背后的含义。
确保国家粮食安全,把中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中。We must ensure China's food security so that we always have control over our own food supply.
*“饭碗”一词没有直接处理成bowl,而是结合语境food security处理成了“粮食供给”food supply。
我们党要始终成为时代先锋、民族脊梁,始终成为马克思主义执政党,自身必须始终过硬。To remain the vanguard of the times, the backbone of the nation, and a Marxist governing party, our Party must always hold itself to the highest standards.
*“过硬”不能简单粗暴地处理成hard, solid这样的词,放在语境中就无法理解了。这句话里的“自身硬”理解为要时刻以高标准严要求规范自己。
以上例句双语均选自党的十九大报告官方译本。
本系列未完待续。
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