His decision hastens the downfall of this century’s most important Brazilian.
Lula’s election in 2002 showed that a member of the working class could gain power democratically in a country marked by great inequality. As president from 2003 to 2010, he won adulation at home and renown abroad for reducing poverty and presiding over brisk economic growth. Lula’s global stature helped bring this month’s Olympic games to Rio de Janeiro.
参考翻译:
法官的决定加速了卢拉——这位21世纪巴西第一巨头的倒台。
2002年,卢拉的当选证明,在这个以极不平等著称的国家,工人阶级也能通过民主选举登上权力的宝座。2003年至2010年总统任职期间,卢拉在减少贫困,拉动经济增长上成绩斐然,因此获得了国内外的赞誉。这个月的奥运会能在里约热内卢召开,也得益于此。
今天的句子不难,我们来看三组词~
downfall
● downfall:complete loss of your money, moral standards, social position etc, or the sudden failure of an organization.
例句:The scandal led to the president’s downfall.
downfall 是一个复合词,复合这个词的两个词都有「向下」的基本意。同时,他所指向的是金钱、道德、地位这些人类社会所独有的东西,因此这个词指的是在社会大环境中的失败,有些「跌下神坛」的意味。
Adulation 和 Renown
这两个词都是不可数名词,并且都是书面用于,指的是「赞誉」。
但在细微的情感上有一些区别:
● adulation:praise and admiration for someone that is more than they really deserve.
● renown:when you are famous and a lot of people admire you for a special skill, achievement, or quality [= acclaim]
在 adulation 的解释中,说明这是一种「言过其实」的赞誉,联系上下文,这个词是用在 at home 的,也就是巴西国内对卢拉的评价。这就很微妙了。这篇文章讲的是卢拉被指控妨碍司法公正,虽然卢拉极力为自己辩护,但从这个词就可以看出作者的态度,是相信卢拉犯罪是确有此事的。虽然他在任期内政治斐然,但其中有多少是虚报,多少是奉承,就很难说了。
而 renown 指的是对某个人的作为表示欣赏,对应的是 abroad,这个词就中性很多,和后文里约奥运会的举行对应,可以看出是国际上对于卢拉政绩的肯定。
语言的奥妙就是在这里,在表达同一个意思的时候,想表达的情绪不同,对应的词也不同。
所以讲,说话是一种艺术。
Preside
preside over sth 这个词组有三个涵义,分别是:
● to be in a position of authority at a time when important things are happening:
eg:The government seemed to be presiding over large-scale unemployment.
● to be the head of a company or organization:
eg:Finch presided over the company for 30 years.
● to be in charge of a meeting or activity:
eg:The chairman will preside over an audience of architects and developers.
他的基本涵义是「掌控」,三个涵义是掌控的不同角度,分别是「时期」、「组织」和「活动」,也就是说但凡是遇到这三个方面的掌控,就可以用到这个词组。
来回顾一下句子:
His decision hastens the downfall of this century’s most important Brazilian.
Lula’s election in 2002 showed that a member of the working class could gain power democratically in a country marked by great inequality. As president from 2003 to 2010, he won adulation at home and renown abroad for reducing poverty and presiding over brisk economic growth. Lula’s global stature helped bring this month’s Olympic games to Rio de Janeiro.
参考翻译:
法官的决定加速了卢拉——这位21世纪巴西第一巨头的倒台。
2002年,卢拉的当选证明,在这个以极不平等著称的国家,工人阶级也能通过民主选举登上权力的宝座。2003年至2010年总统任职期间,卢拉在减少贫困,拉动经济增长上成绩斐然,因此获得了国内外的赞誉。这个月的奥运会能在里约热内卢召开,也得益于此。
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