英语的句型(23)

作者: 林间竹音 | 来源:发表于2019-03-20 05:35 被阅读19次

    在前面的文章中,我们讲述了如何用感叹句进行翻译。本文则继续讲解。

    除了感叹句更接近疑问句以外,也有让疑问句一字不改用来作感叹句的,那成为感叹疑问句(Exclamatory Question)。例如:

    她多么可爱啊! Isn’t she a sweet girl! 

    谁会想到那样的事! Who would have thought of such a thing! 

    啊,那真好玩! Oh, wouldn’t it be fun!

    多少次她没有坐在那里了! How many times had she not sat there!

    还有,就照陈述句一模一样来说,只是在居委附加一个惊叹号,以表示确说的形式,也可以当做感叹句来用:

    这座桥绝对是危险的!The bridge is absolutely unsafe!

    那绝对不可以做!It simply cannot be done!

    在感叹句中,有时可以将补语置于句首:

    你们英国人是多么的冷血呀!Cold-blooded people you Britishers are! 

    你圆满地完成了使命!Well hast thou fulfilled thy mission!

    除此之外,感叹句还有种种破格的形式如下:

    1. 省略句

    看呀! Look!

    蚀呀! An eclipse! 

    啊,坏蛋!O, the wretch!

    幸运儿! Fortunate man!

    何等愚笨!What folly!

    何其无礼! What impertinence!

    好大的鼻子!What a nose! 

    多么可惜! What a pity(it is)!或What a shame! 

    他真笨! How foolish(it is)of him!

    真是厚颜! What impudence! 

    想得真妙! What an idea!

    这是多么的客气呀! Wonderful civility this!

    多么不像从前他们白家的爷们呀!How unlike their Belgic sirs of old.

    如果我有这种愿望,我就要快乐十倍了! 如 果 我 有 这 种 愿 望, 我 就 要 快 乐 十 倍 了! This wish I have(=If I have this wish), then ten times happy me!

    一个多么了不起的女人——啊,一个多么了不起的女人! What a woman – oh, what a woman!

    2. 抗议句

    什么?说我爱!说我求婚!说我找老婆! What?I love!I sue!I seek a wife!

    说我对肯医生讲了什么不礼貌的话?老天不会允许的! I say anything disrespectful of Dr.Kenn? Heaven forbid!

    他的祖父怎么会是一个商人!他是一位绅士呀! Why, his grandfather was a tradesman!He a gentleman!

    她要算是美人的话,她的母亲也就可以算是才女了! She a beauty!I should as soon call her mother a wit.

    说他傲慢吗!啊,他绝不会的! He arrogant!No, never!

    3. 将补语放在句首

    你居然笑,真是可怕呀! How horrid of you to smile! 

    对于一个情夫,这样是颇有鼓励的呀! Pretty encouragement this for a lover!

    4. 将宾语放在句首

    但那正是这些女孩子要说的话呀! But the things these girls would say! 

    当他说这话时,他自己也觉得是伪君子的行为!The hypocrite that he felt himself as he said this!

    5. 加用to think,fancy,O that等字放在句首。

    他会在这次危机中拆我的烂污,真不堪设想!To think that he should fail me in this crisis! 

    啊,这样壮丽的王宫里,居然会有欺诈的行为!O,that deceit should dwell In such a gorgeous palace!

    他居然相信呀!Fancy his believing it!

    竟然要等待整个下午!Fancy having to wait all afternoon! 

    试想他对那件事竟然一无所知!To think of his not knowing anything about it!

    从未听到过这样的事情!If ever I heard the like!(=I never heard the like.)

    祈愿句(Optative Sentence)通常看成是感叹句的一种:

    共和国万岁!Long live the Republic! 或 May the Republic live long! 

    愿你的国降临,愿你的旨意行在地上,如同行在天上。Thy kingdom come,thy will be done.

    有你这样的好心肠,上帝是会保佑你的。 God bless and reward you for all your kindness!

    愿上帝饶恕我!God forgive me!

    啊,女王,但愿如此!So be it,O Queen!

    愿我的房子是山边的茅屋!Mine be a cot beside the hill!

    愿上帝帮助我!So help me God!

    愿我再也不会见到他的面孔!May I never see his face again!

    愿今夜没有噩梦来打扰我是睡眠!May no evil dream disturb my rest!

    愿他安息!May he rest in peace!

    我要是在那里就好了! Would that I were there!或 Oh were I but there! 

    丽贝卡,你要能多留一下就好了! Oh that you could stay longer,dear Rebecca!

    但愿我行事坚定,得以遵守你的律例!O that my ways were directed to keep thy statute.

    愿我能够把这一切铸成一顶皇冠!Would I could coin it all into a crown!

    我要是没遇到它就好了!Wish to God that I had never seen it!

    啊,愿我能够再见到一次! Oh,that I could have seen him once again!(

    但愿我有这种精神,而不是我孩子的。I would that it had been my soul and not my boy’s.

    啊,要是这样就好了!Oh had it been so!

    那时我要在巴黎就好了!Oh to have been in Paris then! 

    愿他安乐地长生不老!May he live long in peace!

    但愿是由那纯洁的火焰点燃的火把! O for a kindling touch from that pure flame.

    愿你有一个光明的前途! Bright be the future that lieth before thee!

    愿那秋天是阴暗的!Black be its fall.

    愿 你 的 树 林 是 绿 的, 花 是 美 的!Green be your woods, and fair your flowers!

    祈愿句的反面变成为咒骂了。例如:

    我碰了鬼!Devil take me!

    该死的文法!Grammar be hanged!

    愿上帝使你瞎眼。May God strike you blind.

    英语的句型以前发布的文章链接:

    英语的句型(22)

    (英语的句型系列至此全部结束)

    (注:摘自钱歌川的《翻译的技巧》)

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